{"id":157625,"date":"2026-04-02T09:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T02:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/157625\/study-amazonian-wildlife-feeds-millions"},"modified":"2026-04-09T05:12:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T22:12:46","slug":"study-amazonian-wildlife-feeds-millions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/pt-br\/157625\/study-amazonian-wildlife-feeds-millions","title":{"rendered":"Estudo: A fauna amaz\u00f4nica alimenta milh\u00f5es\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ao longo da vasta Amaz\u00f4nia, popula\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00eam ca\u00e7ado uma grande variedade de animais \u2014 mam\u00edferos, r\u00e9pteis, aves, peixes e anf\u00edbios \u2014 h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios. No entanto, at\u00e9 recentemente havia pouca compreens\u00e3o abrangente sobre a escala dessa pr\u00e1tica e suas implica\u00e7\u00f5es para as pessoas e os ecossistemas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Um estudo<\/a> hist\u00f3rico publicado na revista Nature representa \u201co primeiro esfor\u00e7o em grande escala para mapear a ca\u00e7a de fauna silvestre em toda a Amaz\u00f4nia\u201d, segundo Hani Rocha El Bizri, autor do estudo e coordenador l\u00edder da Plataforma de Parceria Transformadora para o Uso Sustent\u00e1vel de Esp\u00e9cies Silvestres<\/a> (SU-TPP, na sigla em ingl\u00eas). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Estudo (em ingl\u00eas):<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Healthy forests safeguard traditional wild meat food systems in Amazonia<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

O trabalho traz novas evid\u00eancias sobre a rela\u00e7\u00e3o essencial entre florestas saud\u00e1veis e pessoas saud\u00e1veis. \u201cEste estudo confirma que a carne de ca\u00e7a n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas uma fonte vital de prote\u00edna e micronutrientes \u2014 ela \u00e9 a base da seguran\u00e7a alimentar para milh\u00f5es de habitantes amaz\u00f4nicos\u201d, afirmou o autor principal Andr\u00e9 Antunes. \u201cProteger as florestas significa proteger a nutri\u00e7\u00e3o, os meios de vida e o patrim\u00f4nio cultural.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Foto de Dado Galdieri\/CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

A pesquisa se baseia em mais de seis d\u00e9cadas de dados de mais de 600 comunidades amaz\u00f4nicas. Os resultados destacam a import\u00e2ncia da carne silvestre para a seguran\u00e7a alimentar e nutricional, a identidade cultural e os direitos territoriais dos cerca de 11 milh\u00f5es de habitantes da regi\u00e3o. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na Amaz\u00f4nia, mais de 500 esp\u00e9cies s\u00e3o ca\u00e7adas e consumidas, refletindo sua enorme diversidade biol\u00f3gica e cultural \u2014 a regi\u00e3o abriga 511 povos ind\u00edgenas distintos e \u00e9 a floresta tropical mais biodiversa do planeta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

No entanto, a press\u00e3o de ca\u00e7a est\u00e1 longe de ser distribu\u00edda de forma uniforme. Apenas 20 esp\u00e9cies representam 72% de todos os animais ca\u00e7ados e 84% da biomassa total extra\u00edda. A paca-de-terras-baixas (Cuniculus paca<\/em>), um roedor com listras e manchas, foi o animal mais ca\u00e7ado, seguida pelo queixada (Tayassu pecari<\/em>), um animal semelhante a um porco, e por um grande mam\u00edfero com tromba chamado anta (Tapirus terrestris<\/em>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Carne de ca\u00e7a \u00e9 vendida no mercado de Bartica, na Guiana. Foto de Manuel Lopez\/CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Embora a ca\u00e7a excessiva possa afetar popula\u00e7\u00f5es em alguns contextos, o estudo mostra que a fauna \u00e9 mais abundante em \u00e1reas florestais conservadas, geralmente em territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas e tradicionais. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isso evidencia a efic\u00e1cia dos sistemas tradicionais de conhecimento e manejo. \u201cPara os povos amaz\u00f4nicos, a rela\u00e7\u00e3o com a fauna n\u00e3o se baseia na extra\u00e7\u00e3o de recursos, mas em uma reciprocidade social regida por normas e obriga\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e9ticas\u201d, escrevem os autores. \u201cEssas pr\u00e1ticas culturalmente enraizadas s\u00e3o ferramentas eficazes para regular a ca\u00e7a e representam as estrat\u00e9gias mais leg\u00edtimas de manejo e conserva\u00e7\u00e3o na Amaz\u00f4nia.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por isso, os autores alertam contra a imposi\u00e7\u00e3o de restri\u00e7\u00f5es externas e enfatizam a import\u00e2ncia de respeitar os direitos territoriais e os sistemas de gest\u00e3o local. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOnde os direitos ind\u00edgenas s\u00e3o respeitados e os territ\u00f3rios s\u00e3o protegidos, a floresta e sua fauna prosperam\u201d, acrescentam. \u201cEsfor\u00e7os para restringir ou substituir a carne de ca\u00e7a sem compreender essa realidade correm o risco de repetir erros colonialistas e minar a autonomia e a sa\u00fade dos povos amaz\u00f4nicos.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Pieces
Peda\u00e7os de carne de ca\u00e7a, incluindo veado e boruga (Agouti paca<\/em>), permanecem sobre uma mesa em um mercado de uma cidade brasileira na Amaz\u00f4nia, onde convergem as fronteiras do Brasil, Col\u00f4mbia e Peru. Foto de Barbara Fraser\/CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Um ca\u00e7ador chamusca o tatu que capturou, enquanto um vizinho se aproxima para perguntar o que ele pretende fazer com a carne. Foto de Barbara Fraser\/CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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O estudo tamb\u00e9m demonstra por que substituir o consumo de carne silvestre por carne de cria\u00e7\u00e3o \u2014 como \u00e0s vezes recomendam atores externos bem-intencionados \u2014 pode gerar impactos negativos significativos tanto para o meio ambiente quanto para a sa\u00fade. Atualmente, a carne silvestre fornece quase metade das necessidades di\u00e1rias de prote\u00edna e ferro da popula\u00e7\u00e3o amaz\u00f4nica; substitu\u00ed-la exigiria converter at\u00e9 64.000 quil\u00f4metros quadrados de floresta em pastagens, com impactos relevantes para o clima e a biodiversidade. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u00e9m disso, a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o por carne de cria\u00e7\u00e3o pode comprometer a sa\u00fade das popula\u00e7\u00f5es, j\u00e1 que a carne silvestre oferece n\u00edveis muito mais elevados de micronutrientes essenciais, como zinco e vitaminas do complexo B \u2014 especialmente importantes em contextos onde defici\u00eancias nutricionais s\u00e3o generalizadas e agravadas por mal\u00e1ria, parasitas intestinais e dist\u00farbios gen\u00e9ticos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A carne de cria\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 inacess\u00edvel para muitas pessoas em comunidades remotas, enquanto a carne silvestre \u2014 cujo valor anual os pesquisadores estimaram em aproximadamente USD 2,2 bilh\u00f5es, com base nos pre\u00e7os da carne bovina em 2024 \u2014 funciona como uma \u201crede de seguran\u00e7a invis\u00edvel, por\u00e9m inestim\u00e1vel\u201d diante das incertezas da economia monet\u00e1ria. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

No entanto, o desmatamento \u2014 impulsionado pela agricultura em larga escala, grilagem de terras, explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira, minera\u00e7\u00e3o, desenvolvimento de infraestrutura e urbaniza\u00e7\u00e3o \u2014 amea\u00e7a desestabilizar os sistemas alimentares baseados em carne silvestre na regi\u00e3o. Em \u00e1reas da Amaz\u00f4nia onde mais de 70% da cobertura florestal foi perdida, o n\u00famero de animais abatidos por ca\u00e7ador caiu 75%, e a biomassa extra\u00edda, 67%. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diante disso, os coautores destacaram a import\u00e2ncia de utilizar os resultados do estudo para fortalecer a defesa da prote\u00e7\u00e3o da Amaz\u00f4nia e de seus povos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOs resultados desta pesquisa t\u00eam o potencial de fortalecer o debate em n\u00edvel nacional e amaz\u00f4nico\u201d, afirmou um representante da Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o das Organiza\u00e7\u00f5es Ind\u00edgenas da Amaz\u00f4nia Brasileira (COIAB). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Leia tamb\u00e9m:<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Por que devemos parar de repetir que 80% da biodiversidade est\u00e1 em territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEsta pesquisa chega em um momento crucial\u201d, afirmou Julia Fa, coautora do estudo e pesquisadora s\u00eanior do Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF), referindo-se aos esfor\u00e7os atuais dos pa\u00edses para desenvolver Estrat\u00e9gias e Planos de A\u00e7\u00e3o Nacionais para a Biodiversidade (NBSAPs) e indicadores alinhados ao Marco Global de Biodiversidade da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o da ONU sobre Diversidade Biol\u00f3gica. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAo evidenciar o impacto real da ca\u00e7a de fauna silvestre na seguran\u00e7a nutricional, na cultura e na conserva\u00e7\u00e3o, os tomadores de decis\u00e3o est\u00e3o mais bem preparados para governar a Amaz\u00f4nia com foco na sustentabilidade.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, entre em contato com Hani El Bizri: H.Bizri@cifor-icraf.org<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um pescador prepara sua linha no rio Ucayali, no Peru. 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