{"id":151864,"date":"2025-03-13T09:30:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T02:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/151864\/cop16"},"modified":"2025-09-10T21:59:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T14:59:09","slug":"cop16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/pt-br\/151864\/cop16","title":{"rendered":"De Riad \u00e0 Mong\u00f3lia: contribui\u00e7\u00f5es e assuntos pendentes da confer\u00eancia sobre desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"

Em dezembro de 2024, l\u00edderes globais, cientistas, formuladores de pol\u00edticas e atores chave se reuniram em Riad, na Ar\u00e1bia Saudita, para a 16\u00aa Confer\u00eancia das Partes (COP16) da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas de Combate \u00e0 Desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o (UNCCD). Com mais de 20.000 participantes de quase 200 pa\u00edses, o evento foi um espa\u00e7o importante para discutir os desafios crescentes da desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o, da degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da terra e da seca, e para desenvolver estrat\u00e9gias concretas para um futuro mais sustent\u00e1vel.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“O apelo da UNCCD para combater a desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o, a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da terra e a seca n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais um sussurro; ele est\u00e1 sendo reconhecido nos n\u00edveis mais altos de tomada de decis\u00f5es globais, sinalizando um reconhecimento mundial de seu poder transformador”, disse Ibrahim Thiaw, subsecret\u00e1rio geral e secret\u00e1rio executivo da UNCCD.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de pesquisas <\/span>inovadoras<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Durante o evento de duas semanas, o Centro de Pesquisa Florestal Internacional e o Centro Internacional de Pesquisa Agroflorestal (CIFOR-ICRAF) participaram de mais de cinquenta eventos paralelos e di\u00e1logos, contribuindo com sua experi\u00eancia em gest\u00e3o sustent\u00e1vel da terra, restaura\u00e7\u00e3o, governan\u00e7a e resili\u00eancia clim\u00e1tica. Por meio de pesquisas e abordagens colaborativas, o CIFOR-ICRAF apresentou estudos inovadores, ampliando as vozes das comunidades que enfrentam os desafios da linha de frente da degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da terra, garantindo que essas perspectivas fossem integradas aos processos de tomada de decis\u00e3o.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“As \u00e1rvores e a vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o ferramentas poderosas para reverter a desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o, estabilizar a terra e criar condi\u00e7\u00f5es que apoiem a agricultura e a biodiversidade”, disse \u00c9liane Ubalijoro, CEO do CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Leigh Winowiecki. Foto: Aris Sanjaya \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Entre os eventos <\/span>estavam<\/span> discuss\u00f5es<\/span> sobre os <\/span>avan\u00e7os<\/span> no <\/span>monitoramento<\/span> da <\/span>sa\u00fade<\/span> do solo <\/span>e<\/span> da <\/span>restaura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span>. Leigh Ann <\/span>Winowiecki<\/span>, l\u00edder global de pesquisa sobre <\/span>sa\u00fade<\/span> do solo <\/span>e<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span> no CIFOR-ICRAF, <\/span>conduziu<\/span> v\u00e1rias<\/span> sess\u00f5es<\/span> sobre <\/span>inova\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span> no <\/span>monitoramento<\/span> da <\/span>sa\u00fade<\/span> do solo, <\/span>incluindo<\/span> a <\/span>restaura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de <\/span>pastagens<\/span>. <\/span>Ela<\/span> destacou<\/span> tudo<\/span>, desde o <\/span>projeto<\/span> de pesquisa de campo at\u00e9 t\u00e9cnicas <\/span>laboratoriais<\/span> de <\/span>ponta<\/span>, como espectroscopia do solo e <\/span>avan\u00e7os<\/span> no <\/span>sensoriamento<\/span> remoto para rastrear o impacto das <\/span>interven\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span> de <\/span>restaura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span>. <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Outra<\/span> sess\u00e3o<\/span>, <\/span>conduzida<\/span> pelo <\/span>cientista<\/span> de <\/span>sa\u00fade<\/span> do solo <\/span>Ermias<\/span> Betemariam<\/span>, <\/span>concentrou<\/span>-se em abordar as <\/span>barreiras<\/span> de <\/span>financiamento<\/span>, <\/span>ci\u00eancia<\/span> e <\/span>coopera\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> para a <\/span>restaura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de <\/span>pastagens<\/span>. Anne Larson, l\u00edder da equipe de <\/span>governan\u00e7a<\/span>, <\/span>equidade<\/span> e <\/span>bem<\/span>-estar do CIFOR-ICRAF, <\/span>conduziu<\/span> um<\/span> di\u00e1logo sobre <\/span>g\u00eanero<\/span> e <\/span>inclus\u00e3o<\/span> social <\/span>com<\/span> uma<\/span> sess\u00e3o<\/span> sobre <\/span>mulheres<\/span>, <\/span>jovens<\/span> e <\/span>posse<\/span> de <\/span>terra<\/span> para <\/span>restaura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> e <\/span>resili\u00eancia<\/span>.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00e3o podemos tomar decis\u00f5es sobre o futuro da humanidade e do planeta sem metade da popula\u00e7\u00e3o, que s\u00e3o as mulheres”, disse Larson. “A sess\u00e3o da COP16, organizada com a LANDESA e a GIZ, concentrou-se em como lidar com as barreiras estruturais aos direitos das mulheres por meio de abordagens transformadoras de g\u00eanero, incluindo exerc\u00edcios em pequenos grupos para refletir sobre as diferen\u00e7as entre apenas alcan\u00e7ar, beneficiar, capacitar ou provocar mudan\u00e7as transformadoras”.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m anunciou dois Memorandos de Entendimento (MoUs) durante a confer\u00eancia. O primeiro, assinado com o National Center for Land Cover Development and Combating Desertification (NCVC), alinha-se \u00e0 vis\u00e3o 2030 da Ar\u00e1bia Saudita e apoia suas iniciativas, como a Saudi Green Initiative e a Middle East Green Initiative. Esses programas t\u00eam o objetivo de combater a desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o , aumentar a biodiversidade e promover a agricultura sustent\u00e1vel.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“<\/span>Essa<\/span> importante <\/span>colabora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> re\u00fane <\/span>nossos<\/span> esfor\u00e7os<\/span> para <\/span>compartilhar<\/span> as <\/span>melhores<\/span> pr\u00e1ticas<\/span> em <\/span>gest\u00e3o<\/span> sustent\u00e1vel<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span>, <\/span>fornecendo<\/span> solu\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span> que <\/span>beneficiam<\/span> tanto as <\/span>pessoas<\/span> quanto<\/span> a <\/span>natureza<\/span>“, <\/span>disse<\/span> Houria<\/span> Djoudi<\/span>, <\/span>cientista<\/span> s\u00eanior<\/span> do CIFOR-ICRAF e <\/span>coordenador<\/span> do Oriente <\/span>M\u00e9dio<\/span>. “Procuramos ampliar a <\/span>ado\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> e o impacto <\/span>na<\/span> Ar\u00e1bia<\/span> Saudita<\/span>, <\/span>na<\/span> regi\u00e3o<\/span> do Oriente <\/span>M\u00e9dio<\/span> e Norte da \u00c1frica e <\/span>nas<\/span> terras<\/span> secas em todo o mundo.”<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

O segundo <\/span>MoU<\/span>, <\/span>assinado<\/span> com<\/span> a <\/span>Fairtrade<\/span>, reflete <\/span>um<\/span> compromisso<\/span> conjunto de <\/span>aproveitar<\/span> a <\/span>experi\u00eancia<\/span> combinada <\/span>na<\/span> prote\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> dos recursos da Terra e <\/span>na<\/span> constru\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de ambientes resilientes.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Principais<\/span> resultados da COP16 da UNCCD<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Compromissos e promessas financeiras:<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/p>\n

A COP16 em Riad garantiu mais de US$ 12 bilh\u00f5es em compromissos de financiamento das principais organiza\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais. A <\/span>Agenda de A\u00e7\u00e3o de Riad <\/span><\/b>se concentra na restaura\u00e7\u00e3o da terra, na resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca e nos sistemas agroalimentares. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Com uma abordagem centrada nas pessoas, a Agenda de A\u00e7\u00e3o de Riad realizou consultas com v\u00e1rias partes interessadas durante a COP16 para definir um caminho para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o. Como resultado, foi lan\u00e7ada a inovadora Parceria Global de Resili\u00eancia \u00e0 Seca de Riad, com o objetivo de mobilizar financiamento p\u00fablico e privado para apoiar 80 dos pa\u00edses mais vulner\u00e1veis e afetados pela seca em todo o mundo. At\u00e9 o momento, a parceria arrecadou mais de US$ 2,15 bilh\u00f5es para fortalecer a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca e operar\u00e1 em parceria com a UNCCD, pa\u00edses membros, organiza\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais e outras partes interessadas.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>Parceria<\/span> Global de <\/span>Resili\u00eancia<\/span> \u00e0 Seca de Riad<\/span><\/span> trabalhar\u00e1 para promover <\/span>uma<\/span> mudan\u00e7a transformadora <\/span>na<\/span> forma como a seca \u00e9 tratada em todo o mundo”, <\/span>disse<\/span> o Dr. Osama <\/span>Faqeeha<\/span>, <\/span>Vice-Ministro<\/span> do <\/span>Meio<\/span> Ambiente,<\/span> do<\/span> Minist\u00e9rio<\/span> do <\/span>Meio<\/span> Ambiente, <\/span>\u00c1gua<\/span> e Agricultura da <\/span>Ar\u00e1bia<\/span> Saudita<\/span> e consultor da <\/span>Presid\u00eancia<\/span> da UNCCD COP16. “Este \u00e9 <\/span>um<\/span> momento hist\u00f3rico <\/span>na<\/span> luta internacional contra a seca, e <\/span>conclamamos<\/span> pa\u00edses, empresas, <\/span>organiza\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span>, <\/span>cientistas<\/span>, ONGs, <\/span>institui\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span> financeiras<\/span> e comunidades a se <\/span>unirem<\/span> a <\/span>essa<\/span> parceria<\/span> crucial.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Reconhecimento<\/span> dos <\/span>povos<\/span> ind\u00edgenas:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/span> Uma<\/span> das conquistas marcantes da COP16 <\/span>foi<\/span> a <\/span>cria\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> dos <\/span>Caucuses<\/span> de <\/span>Povos<\/span> Ind\u00edgenas e Comunidades <\/span>Locais<\/span>, <\/span>garantindo<\/span> que as <\/span>pessoas<\/span> mais<\/span> intimamente<\/span> ligadas \u00e0 <\/span>terra<\/span> tenham<\/span> voz <\/span>na<\/span> tomada de <\/span>decis\u00f5es<\/span>. <\/span>Esses<\/span> caucuses<\/span> fortalecem<\/span> seus<\/span> direitos<\/span> e <\/span>permitem<\/span> a <\/span>participa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> efetiva<\/span> na<\/span> formula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de pol\u00edticas clim\u00e1ticas e de <\/span>gest\u00e3o<\/span> de <\/span>terras<\/span>.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Participa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> do <\/span>setor<\/span> privado:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/span> Por <\/span>meio<\/span> da Iniciativa Business4Land, o Secretariado da UNCCD e o Mecanismo Global <\/span>foram<\/span> instados a <\/span>mobilizar<\/span> um<\/span> maior<\/span> envolvimento<\/span> do <\/span>setor<\/span> privado. <\/span>Essa<\/span> decis\u00e3o<\/span> enfatiza o papel fundamental da defesa dos <\/span>neg\u00f3cios<\/span>, das <\/span>estrat\u00e9gias<\/span> ambientais<\/span>, <\/span>sociais<\/span> e de <\/span>governan\u00e7a<\/span> (ESG) e do <\/span>financiamento<\/span> sustent\u00e1vel<\/span> na<\/span> luta<\/span> contra a <\/span>desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span>, a <\/span>degrada\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span> e a seca. O F\u00f3rum Business4Land <\/span>reuniu<\/span> mais<\/span> de 400 participantes do <\/span>setor<\/span> privado, a <\/span>maior<\/span> participa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> na<\/span> hist\u00f3ria<\/span> da COP da UNCCD, <\/span>com<\/span> representa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de <\/span>setores<\/span> como o <\/span>financeiro<\/span>, o da moda, o <\/span>agroalimentar<\/span> e o <\/span>farmac\u00eautico<\/span>.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Ermias Betemariam. Foto: Aris Sanjaya \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Avan\u00e7o<\/span>s<\/span> da <\/span>ci\u00eancia<\/span> sobre a <\/span>terra<\/span> e a seca:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/strong>
<\/span> A <\/span>confer\u00eancia<\/span> destacou<\/span> o papel fundamental da <\/span>ci\u00eancia<\/span> na<\/span> elabora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> de pol\u00edticas <\/span>eficazes<\/span>, reafirmando o <\/span>apoio<\/span> cont\u00ednuo<\/span> \u00e0 <\/span>Interface<\/span> Ci\u00eancia<\/span>-Pol\u00edtica (SPI) da UNCCD. A SPI <\/span>atua<\/span> como <\/span>uma<\/span> ponte entre a pesquisa cient\u00edfica e a tomada de <\/span>decis\u00f5es<\/span>, <\/span>traduzindo<\/span> as <\/span>principais<\/span> descobertas<\/span> em <\/span>recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span> concretas e <\/span>acion\u00e1veis<\/span>. <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Na COP16, a SPI apresentou evid\u00eancias convincentes de que tr\u00eas quartos da superf\u00edcie livre de gelo da Terra secaram nas \u00faltimas tr\u00eas d\u00e9cadas. Al\u00e9m disso, as proje\u00e7\u00f5es indicam que, at\u00e9 2100, at\u00e9 cinco bilh\u00f5es de pessoas poder\u00e3o estar vivendo em terras secas, ressaltando a necessidade urgente de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o decisiva.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“Estou satisfeito com o fato de o fortalecimento do SPI ser um dos sete principais resultados da COP16 da UNCCD. Como membro do grupo consultivo da Agenda de A\u00e7\u00e3o de Riad, o CIFOR-ICRAF traz sua ci\u00eancia de ponta para impulsionar a\u00e7\u00f5es transformadoras na restaura\u00e7\u00e3o de terras e resili\u00eancia \u00e0 seca”, disse Ermias Betemariam.<\/span> <\/span> “Isso inclui a promo\u00e7\u00e3o da gest\u00e3o sustent\u00e1vel, restaura\u00e7\u00e3o e conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de pastagens, que foi o segundo resultado principal da COP16.”<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Mulheres e seca:<\/span><\/b> <\/span>Os pa\u00edses reafirmaram seu compromisso de abordar todas as formas de discrimina\u00e7\u00e3o contra mulheres e meninas na elabora\u00e7\u00e3o e implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de pol\u00edticas e programas relacionados \u00e0 degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da terra e \u00e0 seca.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Pastos e pastores:<\/span><\/b> <\/span>Pela primeira vez, as Partes da UNCCD reconheceram formalmente o gerenciamento sustent\u00e1vel, a restaura\u00e7\u00e3o e a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o das pastagens. Esses ecossistemas cobrem<\/span> <\/span>metade da superf\u00edcie terrestre e s\u00e3o o uso predominante da terra nas terras secas do mundo. No entanto, eles foram ignorados por muito tempo e est\u00e3o desaparecendo em um ritmo ainda mais r\u00e1pido do que as florestas tropicais.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>degrada\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> das <\/span>pastagens<\/span> amea\u00e7a<\/span> um<\/span> sexto do <\/span>suprimento<\/span> de alimentos do mundo <\/span>e<\/span> pode<\/span> esgotar<\/span> at\u00e9 <\/span>um<\/span> ter\u00e7o<\/span> dos estoques de carbono da <\/span>Terra.<\/span> Al\u00e9m<\/span> disso<\/span>, aproximadamente <\/span>dois<\/span> bilh\u00f5es<\/span> de <\/span>pessoas<\/span> que <\/span>vivem<\/span> em \u00e1reas <\/span>pastoris<\/span> est\u00e3o<\/span> entre as <\/span>mais<\/span> vulner\u00e1veis<\/span> \u00e0 <\/span>desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span>, \u00e0 <\/span>degrada\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> da <\/span>terra<\/span> e \u00e0 seca.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

De Riad \u00e0 <\/span>Mong\u00f3lia<\/span>: <\/span>mantendo<\/span> o \u00edmpeto <\/span>ap\u00f3s<\/span> a COP16<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Em seu discurso de encerramento, o Presidente da COP16 e Ministro do Meio Ambiente, \u00c1gua e Agricultura da Ar\u00e1bia Saudita, Abdulrahman Alfadley, enfatizou que a confer\u00eancia marcou um ponto de inflex\u00e3o no reconhecimento internacional da necessidade urgente de acelerar a restaura\u00e7\u00e3o da terra e fortalecer a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

“Esperamos que os resultados dessa confer\u00eancia levem a uma mudan\u00e7a significativa que reforce os esfor\u00e7os para preservar a terra, reduzir a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da terra, fortalecer a capacidade de lidar com a seca e contribuir para o bem-estar das comunidades em todo o mundo”, enfatizou Alfadley.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 medida que a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das conquistas e dos resultados da COP16 avan\u00e7a, o foco agora est\u00e1 na COP17, que ser\u00e1 realizada na Mong\u00f3lia em 2026. Esse evento promover\u00e1 o gerenciamento sustent\u00e1vel, a restaura\u00e7\u00e3o e a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o das pastagens. Al\u00e9m disso, 2026 foi designado como o Ano Internacional das Pradarias e Pastagens, refor\u00e7ando ainda mais o compromisso global com esses ecossistemas essenciais.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Em dezembro de 2024, l\u00edderes globais, cientistas, formuladores de pol\u00edticas e atores chave se reuniram em Riad, na Ar\u00e1bia Saudita, para a 16\u00aa Confer\u00eancia das Partes (COP16) da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas de Combate \u00e0 Desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o (UNCCD). 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