{"id":93146,"date":"2025-07-29T10:47:26","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T03:47:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/forest-bubble.jpg"},"modified":"2025-10-29T07:18:37","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T00:18:37","slug":"financing-conservation-has-a-new-face-2-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/93146\/financing-conservation-has-a-new-face-2-2","title":{"rendered":"Wajah baru dalam pendanaan konservasi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cKita sudah berkali-kali menyatakan akan berbuat lebih baik, tapi kenyataannya belum. Keanekaragaman hayati terus menurun dalam laju yang mengkhawatirkan,\u201d ujar Julia Fa, peneliti senior di CIFOR-ICRAF (Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry). Realitas pahit ini menjadi salah satu pendorong mendesaknya adopsi Kerangka Kerja Keanekaragaman Hayati Global Kunming-Montreal. Namun sebelum membahas solusinya, penting untuk memahami skala krisis yang sedang dihadapi.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"4\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Lebih dari <strong>satu juta spesies<\/strong> berada di ambang kepunahan. Sejak 1970, populasi satwa liar global telah menurun sebesar <strong>69%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deforestasi<\/strong> terus terjadi dengan kecepatan yang mencengangkan\u2014sekitar <strong>10 juta hektare hutan<\/strong> hilang setiap tahun antara 2015 hingga 2020.<\/li>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"4\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"><strong>Perubahan iklim<\/strong> memperparah kehilangan keanekaragaman hayati, memicu badai, banjir, kekeringan, dan kebakaran hutan yang semakin ekstrem. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tekanan-tekanan ini mendorong alam melampaui batas kemampuannya. Dan taruhannya sangat besar. Keanekaragaman hayati bukan sekadar soal melindungi spesies langka atau bentang alam indah. Ia adalah fondasi sistem pangan, siklus air, perekonomian, dan kesejahteraan manusia.<br \/>\nInvestasi untuk memulihkan alam memberikan berbagai manfaat nyata\u2014mulai dari layanan ekosistem yang meningkat hingga ketahanan iklim dan penghidupan masyarakat lokal yang lebih baik.<\/p>\n<p>Namun, meskipun kesadaran publik meningkat, pendanaan untuk konservasi masih jauh dari cukup. Lantas, mengapa konservasi tak mampu mengejar laju krisis ini?<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"label\"><div class='short-link'>\n\t\t\t<a class='GTMshortLink' href='https:\/\/forestsnews.cifor.org\/91424\/conservation-finance-quiz?fnl=' target='_blank'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__box'><span>Take the quiz<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__desc'>The green bank: How much do you know about conservation finance?<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kesenjangan pendanaan: Mengapa pendekatan lama tidak lagi cukup?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Selama ini, pendanaan konservasi bergantung pada program pemerintah, sumbangan filantropi, dan kegiatan organisasi nirlaba. Meski berperan penting, pendekatan ini tak mampu mengimbangi skala tantangan yang ada.<\/p>\n<p>Menurut laporan <em>Financing Nature<\/em> (Deutz et al., 2020), kesenjangan pembiayaan keanekaragaman hayati global mencapai sekitar USD 700 miliar per tahun. Ketergantungan pada donasi sukarela, pendanaan pemerintah yang tidak konsisten, dan bantuan jangka pendek terbukti tidak memadai untuk melawan penyebab struktural dari kehilangan keanekaragaman hayati (OECD, 2020).<\/p>\n<p>Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi contoh nyata: ketika sektor pariwisata lumpuh, pendapatan konservasi pun ambruk (UNEP, 2021).<\/p>\n<p>Jika pendekatan konvensional terbukti gagal, kini saatnya mempertimbangkan cara baru.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Apa itu kredit keanekaragaman hayati dan mengapa penting?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Meskipun bukan ide yang sepenuhnya baru, kredit keanekaragaman hayati (biodiversity credits) masih belum banyak dipahami. Pada dasarnya, ini adalah instrumen keuangan yang menghubungkan modal swasta dengan hasil konservasi. Satu unit kredit mewakili manfaat keanekaragaman hayati yang terukur, terverifikasi, dan berbasis bukti, yang sifatnya berkelanjutan dan tambahan dari kondisi alami tanpa intervensi.<\/p>\n<p>Mengapa ini penting? Ekosistem alami menyediakan nilai ekonomi sekitar USD 125 triliun per tahun. Hutan sendiri menopang mata pencaharian lebih dari 1 miliar orang di negara-negara Selatan. Setiap dolar yang diinvestasikan dalam restorasi alam rata-rata menghasilkan USD 9 dalam manfaat ekonomi.<\/p>\n<p>Lebih dari sekadar memberi nilai uang pada alam, kredit keanekaragaman hayati menciptakan infrastruktur keuangan yang dibutuhkan untuk melindungi alam secara luas.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Memahami kredit keanekaragaman hayati: Mekanisme, pasar, dan kesalahpahamannya<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Untuk memahami potensi (dan tantangan) dari kredit ini, kita perlu membedakannya dari beberapa istilah serupa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kredit karbon<\/strong>: Terfokus pada pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca (dalam satuan tCO\u2082e), sementara <strong>kredit keanekaragaman hayati<\/strong> bertujuan melindungi spesies, memulihkan habitat, dan menjaga integritas ekologi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Biodiversity offsets<\/strong>: Kompensasi terhadap kehilangan biodiversitas akibat pembangunan (misalnya tambang), yang biasanya diwajibkan oleh hukum. Kredit keanekaragaman hayati dapat digunakan sebagai alat tukar di sini. Namun, karena keanekaragaman hayati sangat kontekstual, praktik menukar kerusakan di satu tempat dengan konservasi di tempat lain menimbulkan kontroversi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93040\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93040\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-93040\" src=\"https:\/\/forestsnews.cifor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-566x377.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-566x377.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-623x415.jpg 623w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-220x147.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-610x407.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-152x102.jpg 152w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-669x446.jpg 669w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k-1100x733.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/50481034442_3d1998a060_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93040\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pelatihan teknik karbonisasi yang ditingkatkan. Foto oleh Fiston Wasanga \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Disinilah muncul kekhawatiran terhadap <em>greenwashing<\/em>. Tanpa pengawasan ketat, kredit keanekaragaman hayati berisiko digunakan untuk \u201cgreenwashing\u201d \u2014suatu alat untuk membenarkan kerusakan alih-alih mencegahnya.<\/p>\n<p>Siapa saja pihak yang terlibat dalam pasar yang berkembang ini?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Penyedia<\/strong>: Komunitas lokal, masyarakat adat, organisasi petani\u2014mereka yang berada di garis depan konservasi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pembeli<\/strong>: Perusahaan yang ingin mengurangi jejak ekologisnya, lembaga keuangan, pemerintah, filantropi, dan konsumen. Beberapa pelaku pasar karbon mulai merambah ke sektor ini, didorong oleh regulasi, etika, dan tekanan investor..<span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Jika dirancang dan dikelola dengan baik, pasar ini bisa menghasilkan manfaat ekologis dan ekonomi yang besar.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"label\"><div class='short-link'>\n\t\t\t<a class='GTMshortLink' href='https:\/\/forestsnews.cifor.org\/90947\/sustainable-wildlife-management-in-the-spotlight-at-un-biodiversity-conference?fnl=' target='_blank'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__box'><span>Read also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__desc'>Sustainable wildlife management in the spotlight at UN biodiversity conference<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ekosistem tropis: Uji coba nyata bagi kredit keanekaragaman hayati<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Contohnya pada Rupununi (Guyana), Bentang alam Yangambi (Republik Demokratik Kongo), dan Dja Periphery (Kamerun). Ketiganya adalah hotspot keanekaragaman hayati yang berpotensi mendapat keuntungan besar dari pembiayaan konservasi.<\/p>\n<p>Uni Eropa mendukung komponen <em>SWM-Biodiversity<\/em>\u2014sebuah studi untuk mengembangkan cara pemantauan keankeragaman hayati yang sesuai standar dan hemat biaya di wilayah tersebut.  Dengan memadukan teknologi seperti eDNA dan AI dengan pengetahuan adat, proyek ini menjadi fondasi bagi sistem kredit keanekaragaman hayati yang kredibel.<\/p>\n<p>Kredit ini dapat mendanai berbagai inisiatif: konservasi jaguar di Rupununi, perlindungan simpanan karbon di Cekungan Kongo, hingga restorasi mangrove di Dja\u2014sembari memberdayakan masyarakat lokal sebagai pemimpin konservasi.<\/p>\n<p>Dukungan Uni Eropa menunjukkan meningkatnya kepercayaan internasional terhadap potensi kredit keanekaragaman hayati dalam mencapai target konservasi global, termasuk 30\u00d730.<\/p>\n<p>Apakah pendekatan ini akan berhasil? Baik atau buruk\u2014biarlah Anda yang menilai.<br \/>\n<em>Namun bila Anda ingin tahu lebih lanjut, silakan hubungi tim ilmuwan kami: l.coad@cifor-icraf.org<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cKita sudah berkali-kali menyatakan akan berbuat lebih baik, tapi kenyataannya belum. Keanekaragaman hayati terus menurun dalam laju yang mengkhawatirkan,\u201d ujar Julia Fa, peneliti senior di CIFOR-ICRAF (Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry). Realitas pahit ini menjadi salah satu pendorong mendesaknya adopsi Kerangka Kerja Keanekaragaman Hayati Global Kunming-Montreal. Namun sebelum membahas solusinya, penting untuk [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":454,"featured_media":93147,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[11889,8728],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[11979,12209],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[9392],"class_list":["post-93146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","tag-conservation-finance","tag-green-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-pendanaan-hijau","tag-bahasa-pendanaan-konservasi","type-bahasa-berita","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Wajah baru dalam pendanaan konservasi - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/93146\/financing-conservation-has-a-new-face-2-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wajah baru dalam pendanaan konservasi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cKita sudah berkali-kali menyatakan akan berbuat lebih baik, tapi kenyataannya belum. 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