{"id":92306,"date":"2025-04-28T12:30:41","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T05:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=92306"},"modified":"2025-09-04T16:11:07","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T09:11:07","slug":"agroforestry-systems-and-amazonian-landscapes-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/92306\/agroforestry-systems-and-amazonian-landscapes-2","title":{"rendered":"Agroforestri di Par\u00e1, Peru: Menjaga Hutan, Menyuburkan Tanah, Menguatkan Komunitas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Di timur laut negara bagian Par\u00e1, Brasil, bentang alam Amazon mencerminkan sejarah panjang interaksi manusia dan alam. Komunitas lokal\u2014caboclo, masyarakat adat, dan pendatang\u2014telah melalui berbagai era ekonomi, dari penebangan hutan hingga pertanian monokultur. Saat ini, seiring meningkatnya kesadaran akan pentingnya kelestarian lingkungan, makin banyak petani yang memilih menanam pangan dengan cara yang lebih berkelanjutan demi menjaga kesuburan tanah dan kebersihan air. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sebagai bagian dari upaya mendorong solusi berbasis alam di Par\u00e1, CIFOR-ICRAF bekerja sama dengan komunitas lokal melalui pelatihan, kegiatan menanam bersama, serta berbagi praktik terbaik dalam agroforestri dan restorasi lahan yang produktif.<\/span><\/p>\n

Salah satu pendekatan utama dari program <\/span>Regenerative Agriculture for Amazon Conservation<\/span> (ARCA) adalah membangun jaringan lahan percontohan agroforestri di wilayah-wilayah strategis sepanjang sungai Moju, Acar\u00e1, Capim, Gurupi, dan Guam\u00e1. Diluncurkan pada Oktober 2023, program ini bertujuan mendorong penerapan sistem agroforestri di zona penyangga kawasan lindung, wilayah adat, komunitas Quilombola, serta permukiman hasil reforma agraria di Par\u00e1. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dalam kurun waktu Desember 2024 hingga Maret 2025, lima Unit Demonstrasi AFS berhasil didirikan, dengan empat di antaranya berlokasi di Tom\u00e9-A\u00e7u dan satu di Castanhal. <\/span><\/p>\n

Unit Demonstrasi: Lahan Belajar Langsung Bagi Petani<\/span><\/h3>\n

“Ini pertama kalinya saya memiliki Unit Demonstrasi di lahan saya, dan ini sangat memuaskan,” kata Erialdo Gon\u00e7alves, petani dari proyek pemukiman Tropic\u00e1lia. “Selama 22 tahun saya tinggal di sini, saya belum pernah mendapatkan kesempatan seperti ini. Saya belajar banyak sekali.”<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Unit Demonstrasi adalah lahan percontohan tempat petani lokal dan tim program bekerja bersama untuk menerapkan sistem agroforestri. Lahan ini menjadi ajang praktik langsung\u2014menunjukkan bagaimana agroforestri dapat memperbaiki tanah, menghasilkan lebih banyak jenis panen, dan menambah pemasukan secara berkelanjutan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hingga Maret 2025, total 27 Unit Demonstrasi telah dibentuk di seluruh Par\u00e1, dan terus menjadi ruang belajar yang memperkuat komunitas dari bawah.<\/span> <\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"
Pertukaran pengalaman \u201cSalah satu prinsip dalam sistem agroforestri adalah menjaga tanah tetap tertutup. Sisa serat dari kelapa sawit memperkaya tanah dengan nutrisi, terutama kalium, yang biasanya sulit diperoleh secara organik. Mikroorganisme berkembang, meningkatkan keanekaragaman hayati tanah. Jadi, ini adalah pupuk super,\u201d ujar Jailson Takamatsu. Foto oleh Oswaldo Forte \/ CIFOR-ICRAF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mendorong Kolaborasi Melalui Kegiatan Lapangan<\/span><\/h3>\n

Sebagai bagian dari strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat, tim agroforestri CIFOR-ICRAF memfasilitasi kegiatan <\/span>mutir\u00e3o<\/span>\u2014hari kerja kolaboratif bersama komunitas. Melalui kegiatan ini, pemilik lahan mengajak orang-orang terdekat untuk secara kolektif menanam berbagai jenis tanaman, termasuk spesies produktif, pohon kehutanan, dan tanaman penutup tanah yang meningkatkan kesuburan. Pendekatan ini sekaligus memperkuat solidaritas dan pembelajaran langsung di lapangan. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kegiatan ini menjadi wadah sinergi antara pendekatan ilmiah dan pengetahuan lokal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKami memang menanam, beternak lebah dan ikan, tetapi masih belum punya arah yang pasti,\u201d ungkap Kepala Suku Clemente Temb\u00e9. \u201cKami sedang mengikuti pelatihan, dan kegiatan hari ini terasa seperti bagian dari pelajaran itu. Situasi di Alto Rio Guam\u00e1 cukup berat\u201460% lahan sudah dibuka. Hidup jadi lebih sulit, karena banyak kebutuhan kini harus dibeli dari luar. Karena itulah kami hadir di sini, untuk membangun dasar bersama dan mencari jalan ke depan.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

Stek singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) yang tumbuh di halaman belakang Kepala Suku Clemente Temb\u00e9 berasal dari lahan Z\u00e9 Paix\u00e3o, salah satu kontributor awal proyek di daerah pedesaan Tom\u00e9-A\u00e7u. Hadiah tersebut diberikan kepada masyarakat Temb\u00e9 pada sesi pertukaran pengetahuan pertama antara petani dan masyarakat adat yang difasilitasi oleh CIFOR-ICRAF pada tahun 2024. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Potret Kepala Suku Clemente Temb\u00e9. Foto oleh Oswaldo Forte \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pembelajaran di berbagai bentang alam<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Seratus petani, seratus model agroforestri yang berbeda\u2014ini mencerminkan kondisi unik yang dihadapi masing-masing petani.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Agroforestri adalah gambaran keberagaman komunitas pelakunya. Setiap interaksi antar petani merupakan kesempatan untuk bertukar metode, hasil, dan pengalaman.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPertukaran pengetahuan ini lahir dari pengalaman kami di Wilayah Adat Temb\u00e9, di mana kami mempelajari tanah serta komunitas adat yang tinggal di sana,\u201d ujar Claudionor Dias, ilmuwan sosial dari CIFOR-ICRAF. \u201cKami mengamati sistem pertanian mereka dan semangat mereka dalam menanam serta mengembangkan a\u00e7a\u00ed. Kami juga menemukan beberapa risiko yang mereka hadapi. Oleh sebab itu, kami menginisiasi pertukaran ini untuk memperkenalkan model pertanian berkelanjutan yang telah terbukti berhasil di Tom\u00e9-A\u00e7u.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

Menurut Paix\u00e3o, semuanya diawali dengan penanaman tanaman yang memperkaya tanah, seperti bunga matahari Meksiko (Tithonia diversifolia<\/em>), yang berfungsi mengembalikan kesuburan tanah. Setelah itu, pohon paric\u00e1 (Schizolobium amazonicum<\/em>) dan mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla<\/em>) ditanam untuk memberikan naungan bagi tanaman kelapa sawit dan kakao. Daun-daun yang jatuh kemudian membusuk dan menyuburkan tanah, sementara lebah dan kelelawar membantu proses penyerbukan pohon buah. Biji-biji disebarkan oleh angin ke seluruh area. Sistem agroforestri ini menyeimbangkan kebutuhan manusia dengan alam, menciptakan ekosistem yang saling menguntungkan bagi semua makhluk hidup.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKami sebagai petani yang memiliki Unit Demonstrasi harus menjadi teladan,\u201d ujar Dedi Nascimento. \u201cKami sudah berada di jalur yang tepat. Saya memiliki 35 hektar lahan yang sebelumnya berupa padang rumput\u2014tanah yang sudah terdegradasi. Kini saatnya memulihkannya. Di area yang dulu padang rumput ini, kami berencana menanam pohon mahoni, kacang Brasil, dan andiroba untuk menjaga kelembaban dan kesuburan tanah. Inilah cara kami, jalan yang harus kami tempuh.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Sistem agroforestri Jos\u00e9 Paix\u00e3o. Foto oleh Oswaldo Forte \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Artikel ini diterjemahkan dari versi asli berbahasa Spanyol, yang tersedia di Los Bosques<\/em>: https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/91835\/sistemas-agroforestales-fortalecen-vinculos-aprendizajes-y-territorios-en-la-amazonia?fnl=es<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Di timur laut negara bagian Par\u00e1, Brasil, bentang alam Amazon mencerminkan sejarah panjang interaksi manusia dan alam. Komunitas lokal\u2014caboclo, masyarakat adat, dan pendatang\u2014telah melalui berbagai era ekonomi, dari penebangan hutan hingga pertanian monokultur. Saat ini, seiring meningkatnya kesadaran akan pentingnya kelestarian lingkungan, makin banyak petani yang memilih menanam pangan dengan cara yang lebih berkelanjutan demi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":532,"featured_media":92307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12038,12057,12105,12065],"tags":[437,372],"language":[2171],"location":[12231],"tag-bahasa":[2481],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[11758],"class_list":["post-92306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agroforestri","category-bentang-alam","category-hutan-masyarakat","category-makanan-diet","tag-agroforestry","tag-brazil","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-brazil","tag-bahasa-agroforestri","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAgroforestri di Par\u00e1, Peru: Menjaga Hutan, Menyuburkan Tanah, Menguatkan Komunitas - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/92306\/agroforestry-systems-and-amazonian-landscapes-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Agroforestri di Par\u00e1, Peru: Menjaga Hutan, Menyuburkan Tanah, Menguatkan Komunitas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Di timur laut negara bagian Par\u00e1, Brasil, bentang alam Amazon mencerminkan sejarah panjang interaksi manusia dan alam. 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