{"id":92063,"date":"2025-05-09T16:21:24","date_gmt":"2025-05-09T09:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=92063"},"modified":"2025-09-04T16:11:07","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T09:11:07","slug":"jejak-kelapa-sawit-dari-perkebunan-ke-produk-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/92063\/jejak-kelapa-sawit-dari-perkebunan-ke-produk-2","title":{"rendered":"Jejak Sawit: Menyingkap perjalanan panjang dari kebun ke produk"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Tahukah kamu? Banyak produk sehari-hari yang kita gunakan ternyata mengandung minyak sawit\u2014mulai dari sampo, cokelat, hingga lipstik. Tanpa disadari, minyak sawit ada di sekitar separuh produk yang ada di rak supermarket.<\/span>Minyak sawit adalah bahan serbaguna yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, dan tahan lama. Meski hanya ditanam di kurang dari 6% lahan penghasil minyak nabati, minyak sawit menyumbang sekitar 40% dari konsumsi minyak nabati global<\/a>\u2014menunjukkan betapa efisien dan produktifnya tanaman ini. <\/span>Kini, minyak sawit juga mulai dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku bioenergi, memperluas perannya dalam transisi energi bersih.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Namun, seperti banyak produk lainnya, keunggulan minyak sawit juga disertai dengan berbagai tantangan. Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, permintaan global terhadap minyak sawit telah meningkat<\/a> lebih dari dua kali lipat\u2014dan tren ini masih terus berlanjut hingga kini. <\/span>Akibatnya, industri minyak sawit menghadapi tekanan yang semakin besar untuk memastikan proses produksinya tidak merusak lingkungan serta tetap memperhatikan aspek sosial.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Indonesia, sebagai salah satu produsen minyak sawit terbesar di dunia, kini tengah menjajaki penerapan<\/a> kerangka Pendekatan Yurisdiksi (Jurisdictional Approach\/JA) yang terintegrasi untuk produksi minyak sawit berkelanjutan. Pendekatan ini berfokus pada pengembangan dan penegakan praktik produksi sawit yang berkelanjutan di tingkat provinsi atau kabupaten, bukan hanya di tingkat perusahaan atau kebun individu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pendekatan tersebut berpotensi memberikan manfaat lingkungan dan sosial yang signifikan, seperti mencegah perpindahan deforestasi ke wilayah lain dalam satu yurisdiksi, serta membuka akses petani kecil ke rantai pasok yang berkelanjutan. <\/span>“Pendekatan yurisdiksi bisa jadi solusi atas berbagai tantangan yang sering muncul dalam pendekatan berbasis proyek,” ujar Herry Purnomo, peneliti senior CIFOR-ICRAF<\/a>, dalam Lokakarya Nasional ke-3<\/a> pada Januari 2024.
\n“Masalah seperti kebocoran, tambahanitas, keberlanjutan, perlindungan sosial, hingga ketimpangan dalam sertifikasi bisa lebih mudah diatasi lewat pendekatan ini.” <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Untuk membangun kepercayaan pembeli terhadap pendekatan yurisdiksi, dibutuhkan sistem pelacakan rantai pasok (traceability) yang kuat dan terpercaya. Menjawab tantangan ini, para peneliti CIFOR-ICRAF baru-baru ini melakukan studi<\/a> yang mendalami bagaimana sistem traceability bisa diterapkan dalam kerangka Pendekatan Yurisdiksi. <\/span>Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua kabupaten yang tengah menerapkan pendekatan tersebut\u2014Pelalawan di Riau dan Kutai Kartanegara di Kalimantan Timur. Tim menelusuri alur rantai nilai, mulai dari eksportir nasional hingga pengelolaan di tingkat kebun, termasuk proses pengolahan dan distribusi. Penelitian ini juga didukung oleh dokumen sertifikasi dan laporan pelacakan dari berbagai perusahaan.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Hasil studi menunjukkan gambaran yang beragam.”Kami menemukan bahwa tingkat keterlacakan (traceability) sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis rantai nilai, skema sertifikasi yang digunakan, dan bagaimana kebun sawit dikelola,” jelas Ani Adiwinata, penulis utama studi ini. “Traceability juga berbeda-beda tergantung pada tahap dalam rantai pasok. Kami menemukan proporsi tertinggi pada tahap dari pabrik ke kebun, serta dari kilang ke pabrik.”
\n<\/span>

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tIndonesia: New model a \u201cgame-changer\u201d for palm oil traceability<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n
\"\"
Pemandangan udara perkebunan kelapa sawit di Pelalawan, Riau, Indonesia. Foto oleh Fajrin Hanafi \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/p>\n

Di Pelalawan, misalnya, peneliti menemukan bahwa hanya 56% lokasi dan nama kebun sawit yang dapat diidentifikasi. Namun, tingkat traceability rata-rata tetap lebih dari 80% untuk hubungan antara pabrik dan kebun, kilang dan pabrik, serta produksi minyak sawit mentah (CPO). “Sekitar 42% kebun sawit yang dikelola perusahaan bisa dilacak asal-usulnya, tapi 34% lainnya masih memiliki tingkat pelacakan yang sangat rendah\u2014di bawah 25%,” ungkap para peneliti. “Hal yang sama juga ditemukan pada dua model pengelolaan lainnya\u2014kebun milik perusahaan eksportir dan kebun yang dikelola mandiri oleh masyarakat\u2014di mana banyak kasus memiliki traceability di bawah 25%.” <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Di Kutai Kartanegara, tingkat pelacakan secara keseluruhan sedikit lebih tinggi. Sekitar 66% lokasi dan nama kebun sawit di kabupaten ini dapat diidentifikasi. Rata-rata, traceability di rantai pasok mencapai lebih dari 90%, terutama pada hubungan antara kilang dan pabrik, produksi CPO, serta minyak inti sawit (PKO) dari berbagai pemasok. <\/span>“Tingkat traceability dari pabrik ke kebun berada di atas 75% untuk 63% kebun yang dikelola perusahaan, sementara 37% lainnya masih di bawah 25%,” ungkap tim peneliti. “Untuk kebun yang dikelola mandiri oleh masyarakat, dari 16 kasus yang tersedia datanya, 50% memiliki traceability di atas 75%, dan 50% lainnya di bawah 25%.”<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Di kedua lokasi, para peneliti menyoroti pentingnya peran eksportir dan kelompok eksportir, yang sebagian besar merupakan perusahaan multinasional. Eksportir biasanya beroperasi melintasi batas administratif kabupaten, provinsi, bahkan pulau, untuk memastikan penerapan Pendekatan Yurisdiksi (JA) berjalan dengan baik. “Pemetaan rantai nilai menunjukkan bahwa perlu ada nota kesepahaman (MoU) antar-kabupaten dalam satu provinsi, antar-provinsi dalam satu wilayah, bahkan antar-wilayah. Hal ini untuk memastikan pelaku usaha di luar satu wilayah administratif tetap terhubung,” tulis para peneliti. “Langkah ini sangat penting untuk memastikan pemantauan traceability yang efektif dalam tata kelola rantai pasok.” <\/span><\/p>\n

Temuan ini juga menegaskan pentingnya peran pemerintah kabupaten, yang “memiliki peran vital dalam memimpin pendekatan yurisdiksi, dengan praktik yang bertanggung jawab baik di dalam maupun melintasi batas administratif, serta melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan secara kolaboratif,” kata Adiwinata. Ia menyimpulkan,”Memahami struktur dan dinamika rantai nilai di tingkat kabupaten dan nasional sangat penting bagi pembuat kebijakan, pelaku industri, dan pihak lainnya untuk menerapkan pendekatan JA yang efektif demi memastikan keberlanjutan industri sawit di Indonesia.” <\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Acknowledgements<\/b><\/p>\n

Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai bagian dari proyek CIFOR-ICRAF berjudul \u2018Scaling Jurisdictional Approaches in the Indonesian Palm Oil Sector<\/a>\u2019<\/em> yang didanai oleh Walmart Foundation. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan empat wilayah penghasil kelapa sawit dalam mengimplementasikan Program Yurisdiksi (Jurisdictional Programs\/JP) melalui pendekatan partisipatif, multi-pemangku kepentingan, dan inklusif gender, serta menyintesis pembelajaran dari studi di wilayah-wilayah tersebut untuk memperkuat Pendekatan Yurisdiksi (Jurisdictional Approaches\/JA) di tingkat nasional.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tahukah kamu? Banyak produk sehari-hari yang kita gunakan ternyata mengandung minyak sawit\u2014mulai dari sampo, cokelat, hingga lipstik. Tanpa disadari, minyak sawit ada di sekitar separuh produk yang ada di rak supermarket.Minyak sawit adalah bahan serbaguna yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, dan tahan lama. Meski hanya ditanam di kurang dari 6% lahan penghasil minyak nabati, minyak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":264,"featured_media":92065,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12038,12057,12105,12065,12073],"tags":[111,7653,6894],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2616,6380,11951],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[7144],"class_list":["post-92063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agroforestri","category-bentang-alam","category-hutan-masyarakat","category-makanan-diet","category-rantai-nilai-dan-keuangan","tag-palm-oil","tag-supply-chain","tag-traceability","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-kelapa-sawit","tag-bahasa-supply-change","tag-bahasa-tracebility","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJejak Sawit: Menyingkap perjalanan panjang dari kebun ke produk - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/92063\/jejak-kelapa-sawit-dari-perkebunan-ke-produk-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jejak Sawit: Menyingkap perjalanan panjang dari kebun ke produk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tahukah kamu? 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