{"id":91385,"date":"2025-02-28T12:30:57","date_gmt":"2025-02-28T05:30:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=91385"},"modified":"2025-08-04T07:49:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T00:49:09","slug":"seberapa-potensial-perdagangan-karbon-dalam-bisnis-mangrove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/91385\/seberapa-potensial-perdagangan-karbon-dalam-bisnis-mangrove","title":{"rendered":"Seberapa potensial perdagangan karbon dalam bisnis mangrove?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Indonesia memiliki hutan mangrove seluas 3,39 juta hektare, dengan potensi cadangan karbon sebesar 3,14 miliar ton<\/a>. Cadangan karbon ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bisnis mangrove dan karbon biru, khususnya untuk mendapatkan uang melalui perdagangan karbon. Pendapatan yang dihasilkan itu nantinya bisa digunakan untuk mendanai proyek restorasi dan konservasi mangrove.<\/p>\n

Namun, seberapa pentingkah perdagangan karbon bagi bisnis mangrove? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini, para pemangku kepentingan di Indonesia berbagi pandangan mereka dalam sebuah dialog nasional<\/a> yang diselenggarakan oleh Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF), Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), dan Blue Carbon Deck, pada 17 Desember 2024, di Hotel Borobudur Jakarta.<\/p>\n

Peran mangrove dalam penyerapan dan penyimpanan karbon<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\"\"
Daniel Murdiyarso dalam dialog nasional di Jakarta, Indonesia. Foto oleh Ricky Martin \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Daniel Murdiyarso, Ilmuwan Utama di CIFOR-ICRAF, menjelaskan bahwa terkait iklim, mangrove punya peran penting dalam mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim. Meski ekosistem mangrove menyimpan cadangan karbon yang besar, yang dapat dijual di pasar karbon, ia mewanti-wanti adanya klaim keliru bahwa mangrove menyerap lebih banyak karbon daripada jenis pohon lainnya.<\/p>\n

\u201cTingkat penyerapan karbon oleh mangrove sama dengan pohon lainnya, tetapi penyimpanan karbon mangrove lebih tinggi,\u201d kata Murdiayarso. \u201cYang paling menarik adalah 80% karbon di ekosistem mangrove ada di dalam tanah.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kondisi perdagangan karbon di Indonesia<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Istiana Maftuchah, Deputi Direktur Pengawasan Bursa Karbon di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), mengungkapkan kondisi perdagangan karbon di Indonesia yang telah dibuka sejak 26 September 2023. Menurutnya, pasar karbon Indonesia relatif agresif dibandingkan negara-negara lain seperti Jepang dan Malaysia.<\/p>\n

“Hingga saat ini, sudah ada 98 pengguna jasa perdagangan karbon Indonesia. Transaksinya sudah mencapai 58 miliar rupiah.” kata Maftuchah.<\/p>\n

Yang disampaikan Maftuchah adalah perdagangan karbon secara umum, bukan spesifik karbon biru mangrove. Menurut Purwadi Soeprihanto, Sekretaris Jenderal Asosiasi Pengusaha Hutan Indonesia (APHI), nilai tambah (additionality<\/em>) proyek karbon biru mangrove di Indonesia kemungkinan sangat kecil.<\/p>\n

Pasalnya, kata Soeprihanto, sebagian besar mangrove Indonesia berada di kawasan hutan lindung, dan “98% di antaranya merupakan hutan mangrove yang lebat.” Nilai tambah adalah prinsip bahwa pengurangan atau penghilangan emisi dari suatu proyek merupakan hasil langsung dari pelaksanaan proyek dan insentif finansial yang diberikan oleh kredit karbon.<\/p>\n

Tantangan bagi inisiatif karbon biru yang dipimpin oleh komunitas<\/h3>\n

Herry Purnomo, Direktur CIFOR Indonesia dan Ilmuwan Senior di CIFOR-ICRAF, setuju bahwa menghasilkan uang dari perdagangan karbon biru itu sulit, terutama untuk model bisnis mangrove skala kecil.<\/p>\n

“Tantangan perdagangan karbon biru itu skalanya harus besar, sementara yang dikelola masyarakat selalu skala kecil. Yang skala besar biasanya dikelola oleh perusahaan besar, oleh konglomerat. Ketika skalanya besar, masyarakat jadi terpinggirkan,”<\/p>\n

Oleh karena itu, sangatlah penting untuk menghasilkan manfaat-manfaat nonkarbon dalam mengembangkan model bisnis ekosistem mangrove berbasis masyarakat.

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tFormulating the ideal mangrove business model in Indonesia<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n
\n

Sebuah studi mengestimasi nilai ekonomi dari kawasan pesisir adalah sekitar 8.000 dolar AS per hektare per tahun. Salah satu model bisnis yang dapat diciptakan adalah silvofishery<\/em>\u2014metode yang mengintegrasikan budidaya ikan dengan konservasi mangrove\u2014dapat memberikan keberlanjutan finansial.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c8.000 dolar AS itu besar. Dan sebagian besar duitnya dari mana? Perikanan,\u201d Purnomo menjelaskan.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Joko Prihatno, Analis Kebijakan Ahli Utama di Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Perubahan Iklim, Kementerian Kehutanan dan Lingkungan Hidup (KLHK), sepakat bahwa proyek mangrove harus memanfaatkan potensi ekonomi di luar perdagangan karbon. “Contohnya adalah untuk rekreasi, pangan, dan sebagainya. Ada manfaat-manfaat lainnya termasuk jasa lingkungan,” katanya.<\/p>\n

Perdagangan Karbon<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Heru Prama Yuda, Senior Partnership Manager di Earth Security, mengatakan bahwa pendapatan dari perdagangan karbon merupakan bonus dari proyek mangrove.<\/p>\n

“Tujuan utamanya adalah adaptasi perubahan iklim: bagaimana jasa lingkungan yang dihasilkan dari mangrove itu dapat terealisasi dengan pendanaan tersebut.” Ucap Prama Yuda.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Afdillah, Juru Kampanye Laut Greenpeace Indonesia, berpendapat lain. Menurutnya, perdagangan karbon adalah \u201csolusi palsu terhadap ancaman krisis iklim.\u201d Ia yakin ada potensi greenwashing<\/em> dari perusahaan-perusahaan yang menghasilkan karbon terbanyak di dunia untuk menggunakan perdagangan karbon ini guna menghapus dosa-dosa mereka.<\/p>\n

\u201cSaya belum menemukan landasan etika moral yang dapat diterima oleh akal sehat kita tentang bagaimana kita memberi lisensi kepada suatu perusahaan, kemudian perusahaan tersebut dapat merusak, mencemari, dan kemudian memengaruhi kesehatan masyarakat di suatu tempat, lalu mereka dapat mengatakan, \u2018Kami telah membayar kredit karbon dan memiliki sertifikat carbon offset<\/em> (tebus karbon) di Indonesia. Kami sudah merehabilitasi mangrove di Indonesia.\u2019 Padahal perusahaan tersebut beroperasi di India, misalnya,\u201d kata Afdillah<\/p>\n

\"\"
Para pembicara dan pemangku kepentingan berkumpul dalam dialog nasional. Foto oleh Ricky Martin \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Terlepas dari pendapat kontra atas perdagangan karbon itu, Chintya Dian Astuti, Wakil Ketua I Komite Tetap Pengendalian dan Evaluasi DAS, Hutan Lindung dan Mangrove di Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia (KADIN), mengatakan bahwa mata dunia saat ini sedang tertuju pada Indonesia. Banyak perusahaan di dalam maupun luar negeri yang menerapakan kebijakan carbon offset<\/em> dan menanti peluang proyek karbon biru yang bisa dilakukan di Indonesia. \u201cJadi artinya Indonesia punya potensi yang sangat tinggi terhadap ekosistem restorasi mangrove untuk menuju perdagangan karbon,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n

Purnomo mengapresiasi setiap perbedaan pendapat yang muncul dalam dialog ini, sejalan dengan harapannya. Sesuai dengan asal katanya di Yunani, Purnomo menjelaskan, \u2018dialog\u2019 berarti saling bertukar gagasan. Ia menyimpulkan bahwa kita harus memanfaatkan setiap sumber daya yang ada untuk merestorasi dan melestarikan mangrove demi menyelamatkan bumi dan manusia yang hidup di dalamnya, termasuk menggunakan sumber daya dari perusahaan-perusahaan yang bersedia membeli kredit karbon untuk mendanai proyek mangrove. Namun, uang yang diperoleh dari perdagangan karbon itu hanyalah bonus. Yang terpenting, kata Purnomo, bisnis mangrove dapat memberikan banyak manfaat. “Tidak hanya menyerap CO2,” tegasnya, “tetapi juga meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Indonesia memiliki hutan mangrove seluas 3,39 juta hektare, dengan potensi cadangan karbon sebesar 3,14 miliar ton. Cadangan karbon ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bisnis mangrove dan karbon biru, khususnya untuk mendapatkan uang melalui perdagangan karbon. Pendapatan yang dihasilkan itu nantinya bisa digunakan untuk mendanai proyek restorasi dan konservasi mangrove. Namun, seberapa pentingkah perdagangan karbon bagi bisnis […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":528,"featured_media":91391,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12057,12114,12105,12085],"tags":[825,12385,6690,12386,1812,12388],"language":[2171],"location":[12251,12222],"tag-bahasa":[7690,6970,2596],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2423],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-91385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bentang-alam","category-forests-news-id","category-hutan-masyarakat","category-mangrove","tag-blue-carbon","tag-carbon","tag-mangrove","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-asia-pacific","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-blue-carbon","tag-bahasa-karbon","tag-bahasa-mangrove","type-english-event-coverage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSeberapa potensial perdagangan karbon dalam bisnis mangrove? - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/91385\/seberapa-potensial-perdagangan-karbon-dalam-bisnis-mangrove\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Seberapa potensial perdagangan karbon dalam bisnis mangrove?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Indonesia memiliki hutan mangrove seluas 3,39 juta hektare, dengan potensi cadangan karbon sebesar 3,14 miliar ton. 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