{"id":91053,"date":"2025-02-02T16:55:45","date_gmt":"2025-02-02T09:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=91053"},"modified":"2025-09-04T14:43:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T07:43:21","slug":"lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/91053\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting","title":{"rendered":"Lahan basah: Ekosistem \u2018Peralihan\u2019 yang memiliki peran lebih penting dari perkiraan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kita cenderung lebih memperhatikan dan mengalokasikan upaya konservasi secara tidak proporsional kepada ekosistem \u2018favorit publik\u2019 yang mencolok di bumi ini \u2014seperti hutan hujan tropis, terumbu karang, dan gletser\u2014dibandingkan ekosistem lainnya.<\/p>\n

Di sisi lain, berbagai jenis lahan basah di Bumi \u2014 termasuk rawa, gambut, hutan mangrove, payau, lahan rawa garam, muara, dan lainnya \u2014 jarang mendapat penghargaan layak. Kita sering menunjukkan ketidakpedulian terhadap ekosistem ini, yang tercermin dalam bahasa yang kita gunakan sehari-hari. Dalam bahasa Inggris, misalnya, digunakan ungkapan seperti bogged down<\/em>, swamped<\/em>, atau mired<\/em> untuk menggambarkan situasi terjebak atau sulit bergerak. Kata-kata yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan lahan basah pun cenderung kurang menarik, seperti soggy<\/em> (lembab), damp<\/em> (basah), dan murky<\/em> (keruh). Kebanyakan lebih memilih membayangkan liburan di pantai atau hutan daripada di lahan basah, karena kita menganggapnya sebagai tempat yang tidak menarik untuk berpiknik.<\/p>\n

Daya tarik suatu ekosistem sering kali bukan merupakan indikator yang baik terhadap kontribusinya bagi sistem kehidupan di planet ini, dan hal ini sangat relevan untuk lahan basah. Proses genangan dan pembusukan yang menjadi ciri khas ekosistem ini justru berperan besar dalam menyerap karbon dalam jumlah besar. Saat ini, lahan basah menyimpan lebih dari 30% total karbon tanah di Bumi, meskipun hanya mencakup sekitar 6% dari luas daratan.<\/a><\/p>\n

Studi terbaru<\/a> dari Center for International Forestry Research dan World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) bersama mitra menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem yang sering terlupakan ini dapat mengurangi lebih dari setengah emisi gas rumah kaca berbasis darat di Asia Tenggara jika dikelola dengan baik.<\/p>\n

Lahan basah di planet kita juga sangat kaya secara biologis, menyediakan habitat unik bagi beragam flora dan fauna. Ekosistem ini menjadi rumah bagi berbagai spesies langka dan terancam punah, termasuk mamalia karismatik seperti orangutan (Pongo spp<\/em>.) dan harimau (Panthera tigris<\/em>), burung air migran seperti burung jenjang Amerika (Grus americana<\/em>), serta banyak jenis reptil, amfibi, ikan, dan serangga.<\/p>\n

Nilai lahan basah sebenarnya tidak selalu diabaikan. Ribuan tahun yang lalu, masyarakat Maya di Amerika Tengah membangun kebun-kebun bertingkat di atas tanah yang tergenang air dan mengembangkan sistem polikultur yang kompleks dan sangat produktif, yang mampu bertahan menghadapi kekeringan<\/a>. Padi, salah satu tanaman pangan utama dunia, berevolusi di lahan basah Cekungan Sungai Yangtze. Di hutan mangrove berlumpur di seluruh Asia Tenggara, kuil dan situs-situs sakral menjadi bukti pentingnya lahan basah dalam budaya setempat.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Mengumpulkan kerang dari akar mangrove di Karang Sewu. Foto oleh Aulia Erlangga \/ CIFOR-ICRAF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hingga kini, banyak masyarakat masih bergantung pada lahan basah lebih dari yang disadari. Ekosistem ini mendaur ulang dan memurnikan air serta menjadi tempat pemijahan bagi ikan<\/a> dan spesies lain yang dikonsumsi. Lahan basah juga melindungi pemukiman dari banjir, gelombang badai<\/a>, dan kenaikan permukaan laut<\/a>, sekaligus menyediakan berbagai layanan berbasis alam. Kontribusi ini semakin krusial di negara-negara berkembang, di mana keterbatasan dukungan pemerintah dan dampak perubahan iklim memperburuk kondisi lingkungan dan kehidupan masyarakat.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tHealthier mangroves, more fish<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

Lahan basah menghadapi berbagai ancaman meskipun memiliki banyak kontribusi penting. Sejak tahun 1700, sekitar 87% lahan basah dunia telah hilang<\/a>, dengan 64% di antaranya terjadi sejak tahun 1900<\/a>. Antara tahun 1970 dan 2015, luas lahan basah global menyusut sebesar 35%,<\/a> menunjukkan laju kehilangan yang tiga kali lebih cepat dibandingkan hutan.<\/p>\n

Perubahan penggunaan lahan menjadi penyebab utama<\/a> degradasi lahan basah. Pembangunan ekonomi terus mengeringkan dan mengonversi lahan basah menjadi area pertanian, kawasan perkotaan, serta proyek infrastruktur seperti jalan, perumahan, dan industri. Sektor pertanian sendiri telah merusak lebih dari setengah<\/a> lahan basah yang terdaftar sebagai Wetlands of International Importance<\/strong><\/a> dalam Konvensi Ramsar<\/a>. Lahan basah pesisir banyak dikeringkan untuk pengembangan pariwisata dan budidaya perikanan; di Asia Tenggara, misalnya, hutan mangrove banyak berubah menjadi tambak udang.

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tAs Southeast Asia\u2019s haze dissipates, managing peatlands is more urgent than ever<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

Jenis pembangunan ini juga mempercepat pemanasan global, yang semakin memperburuk kondisi lahan basah dengan memengaruhi ketersediaan air, tingkat salinitas, dan laju erosi.<\/p>\n

Hari Lahan Basah Sedunia, yang diperingati setiap 2 Februari, mengingatkan kita akan pentingnya melindungi lahan basah yang tersisa di planet ini \u2014 dan memulihkan yang telah mengalami degradasi. Generasi mendatang membutuhkan ekosistem unik ini, dan perlindungannya harus dimulai sekarang.<\/p>\n

Pemerintah dapat melindungi lebih banyak lahan basah dengan memperluas jumlah dan jangkauan area yang dilindungi serta menetapkannya sebagai taman nasional, cagar alam, atau situs Ramsar. Kebijakan iklim dan air nasional juga perlu mengintegrasikan lahan basah dengan mengakui serta memanfaatkan peran pentingnya dalam pengendalian banjir, penyimpanan karbon, dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati.<\/p>\n

Lalu, apa yang bisa kita lakukan? Kita dapat berkontribusi dalam peringatan Hari Lahan Basah Sedunia\u2014dan sepanjang tahun\u2014dengan mengikuti atau menyelenggarakan aksi pembersihan lahan basah, mendukung serta mempelajari upaya konservasi, terlibat dalam proyek sains partisipatif yang memperkenalkan kita pada spesies penghuni lahan basah\u2014seperti Great Backyard Bird Count<\/a>\u2014, serta mendorong kebijakan konservasi lahan basah yang lebih kuat di semua tingkat pemerintahan.<\/p>\n

Dukungan terhadap kebijakan konservasi ini menjadi semakin penting menjelang Konferensi Para Pihak (COP15) Konvensi Ramsar tentang Lahan Basah, yang akan berlangsung di Zimbabwe pada bulan Juli. Terlepas dari apakah kita menyukai kegiatan di area berair atau tidak, lahan basah di sekitar kita mungkin jauh lebih menarik dan penting daripada yang kita bayangkan. Mari kita bersama-sama memastikan ekosistem ini mendapatkan perhatian dan perlindungan yang layak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kita cenderung lebih memperhatikan dan mengalokasikan upaya konservasi secara tidak proporsional kepada ekosistem \u2018favorit publik\u2019 yang mencolok di bumi ini \u2014seperti hutan hujan tropis, terumbu karang, dan gletser\u2014dibandingkan ekosistem lainnya. Di sisi lain, berbagai jenis lahan basah di Bumi \u2014 termasuk rawa, gambut, hutan mangrove, payau, lahan rawa garam, muara, dan lainnya \u2014 jarang mendapat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":91055,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12057,12114,12105,12052],"tags":[4374,6761,12427,1779,12429,9625],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[7011,2680,2596,7221,11866],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[677],"class_list":["post-91053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bentang-alam","category-forests-news-id","category-hutan-masyarakat","category-pengelolaan-restorasi-hutan","tag-mangroves","tag-peatlands","tag-wetlands","tag-world-wetlands-day","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-gambut","tag-bahasa-lahan-basah","tag-bahasa-mangrove","tag-bahasa-peatland","tag-bahasa-world-wetland-day","type-bahasa-analisis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLahan basah: Ekosistem \u2018Peralihan\u2019 yang memiliki peran lebih penting dari perkiraan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/91053\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lahan basah: Ekosistem \u2018Peralihan\u2019 yang memiliki peran lebih penting dari perkiraan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kita cenderung lebih memperhatikan dan mengalokasikan upaya konservasi secara tidak proporsional kepada ekosistem \u2018favorit publik\u2019 yang mencolok di bumi ini \u2014seperti hutan hujan tropis, terumbu karang, dan gletser\u2014dibandingkan ekosistem lainnya. Di sisi lain, berbagai jenis lahan basah di Bumi \u2014 termasuk rawa, gambut, hutan mangrove, payau, lahan rawa garam, muara, dan lainnya \u2014 jarang mendapat […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/91053\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-02T09:55:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-04T07:43:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/wetland.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1367\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel Murdiyarso\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daniel Murdiyarso\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/208b0e97995f3ecd7821ed7fd2a594e7\"},\"headline\":\"Lahan basah: Ekosistem \u2018Peralihan\u2019 yang memiliki peran lebih penting dari perkiraan\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-02T09:55:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-04T07:43:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\"},\"wordCount\":825,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/wetland.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"mangroves\",\"peatlands\",\"peatlands\",\"wetlands\",\"wetlands\",\"world wetlands day\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Bentang alam\",\"Forests News\",\"Hutan masyarakat\",\"Pengelolaan & restorasi hutan\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\",\"name\":\"Lahan basah: Ekosistem \u2018Peralihan\u2019 yang memiliki peran lebih penting dari perkiraan - Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/wetland.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-02T09:55:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-04T07:43:21+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/91053\\\/lahan-basah-ekosistem-peralihan-penting#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/wetland.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/wetland.jpg\",\"width\":2048,\"height\":1367,\"caption\":\"Burung kormoran bulu-paru beristirahat di hutan bakau India. 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