{"id":90998,"date":"2024-12-13T12:15:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T05:15:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=90998"},"modified":"2025-08-04T07:49:10","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T00:49:10","slug":"mengapa-teater-penting-untuk-konservasi-di-dataran-tinggi-managalas-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/90998\/mengapa-teater-penting-untuk-konservasi-di-dataran-tinggi-managalas-2","title":{"rendered":"Mengapa seni teater penting bagi konservasi di Dataran Tinggi Managalas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pada suatu sore yang cerah di bulan September di Dataran Tinggi Managalas, Papua Nugini (PNG), penduduk Desa Joivi memadati padang rumput yang menjadi pusat permukiman. Anak-anak tertawa dan saling mengejar satu sama lain; orang-orang dewasa mengobrol dan mengunyah buah pinang, yang diambil dari pohon pinang (<em>Areca catechu<\/em>) yang tumbuh di sekitar rumah-rumah beratap rumbia Joivi.<\/p>\n<p>Sumber daya alam ini juga menjadi fokus pertunjukan hari itu, yang dibawakan dalam campuran bahasa <em>Tok Pisin<\/em> (salah satu bentuk bahasa Inggris Pidgin Melanesia yang digunakan di seluruh PNG) dan bahasa <em>Tok Ples<\/em> (bahasa daerah) di bagian Dataran Tinggi ini. Selama pertunjukan, para aktor &#8220;menanam&#8221; cabang-cabang pohon ke dalam tanah, dan kemudian menebangnya dengan parang. Mereka memperagakan cara-cara yang menunjukkan bahwa penebangan dan pertanian yang tidak berkelanjutan dapat menghasilkan keuntungan jangka pendek tetapi pada akhirnya mengorbankan kesejahteraan jangka panjang, terutama bagi generasi mendatang.<\/p>\n<p>Pertunjukan ini disambut dengan gelak tawa dan tepuk tangan, tetapi pertunjukan ini bukan sekadar hiburan. Pertunjukan ini merupakan alat komunikasi penting di tempat yang memiliki lima bahasa daerah yang berbeda, serta tingkat literasi yang rendah.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_90539\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-90539\" style=\"width: 566px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-90539 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-566x318.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"566\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-566x318.png 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-740x415.png 740w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-220x123.png 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-1536x862.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-800x449.png 800w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-610x342.png 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-672x377.png 672w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-365x205.png 365w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741-1100x617.png 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-154741.png 1909w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-90539\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grup Teater Managalas Kuaefienami adalah kumpulan aktor lokal dari berbagai wilayah Dataran Tinggi yang sedang mementaskan sebuah pertunjukan. Foto oleh CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Saat itu, kelompok teater tersebut sedang &#8220;memberi pemanasan kepada orang-orang&#8221; dalam sebuah lokakarya guna mulai menyusun aturan penggunaan lahan. Ini adalah proses yang sangat ditunggu-tunggu. Dataran Tinggi ini, yang membentang seluas 214.696 hektare dan merupakan rumah bagi 22.000 orang, ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan Konservasi Managalas (MCA) pada 2017. Namun, hingga saat ini, rencana pengelolaan untuk MCA belum disusun, dan masyarakat di seluruh wilayah tersebut tidak sabar menanti progres \u2013 khususnya tentang kemungkinan pengembangan mata pencaharian. Kini, Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cifor-icraf.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CIFOR-ICRAF<\/a>), dengan pendanaan dari program Kehutanan, Perubahan Iklim, dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Uni Eropa (<a href=\"https:\/\/fccbpng.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">EU-FCCB<\/a>), mendukung penyusunan rencana tersebut.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPertunjukan ini sangat membantu orang-orang untuk memahami rencana pengelolaan. Banyak dari mereka tidak bisa memahaminya karena mereka tidak bisa membaca dan terkadang kami bahkan tidak berbicara dalam bahasa yang sama. Namun melalui teater, kami bisa membantu mereka untuk memahaminya\u201d, kata Alking Fufus, pemimpin kelompok tersebut. Ia telah terlibat dalam kelompok teater tersebut sejak didirikan pada 2010, didukung oleh LSM lokal Partners with Melanesians (PwM), yang mendukung pengembangan kawasan konservasi tersebut sejak awal 1990-an hingga 2022.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_90540\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-90540\" style=\"width: 566px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-90540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-566x319.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"566\" height=\"319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-566x319.png 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-736x415.png 736w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-220x124.png 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-1536x866.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-800x451.png 800w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-610x344.png 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-672x379.png 672w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-365x205.png 365w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152-1100x620.png 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Screenshot-2024-11-18-153152.png 1906w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-90540\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grup Teater Managalas Kuaefienami adalah kumpulan aktor lokal dari berbagai wilayah Dataran Tinggi yang menampilkan sebuah pertunjukan. Foto oleh CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Meskipun kelompok teater yang ada saat ini telah mengadopsi sejumlah masukan dari eksternal, teater rakyat bukanlah hal baru bagi Managalas. Menurut Greg Murphy, seorang ekspatriat Australia yang membantu mendirikan perusahaan teater pertama PNG, Raun Raun Theatre, pada 1975,<a href=\"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/471239\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"> teater pop selalu menjadi bagian dari budaya Papua Nugini.<\/a> Orang-orang telah lama mementaskan drama untuk menyampaikan cerita asal-usul, berbagi informasi, dan mengeksplorasi tantangan mereka sendiri.<\/p>\n<p>Sebelum terbentuknya Kelompok Teater Kuaefienami di Managalas, beberapa kelompok budaya lokal telah menggunakan teater untuk mengkritik proses pengembangan kawasan konservasi, karena mereka merasa tidak banyak manfaatnya saat itu. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.norad.no\/publikasjoner\/ngo-evaluations\/2012\/strongim-lek-gen--an-evaluation-of-partners-with-melanesians-in-the-managalas-sustainable-development-project\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Dalam laporan evaluasi proyek 2010<\/a>, penulis utama Nancy Sullivan mengutip William Asare, salah satu anggota kelompok budaya tersebut, yang mengatakan:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSalah satu drama yang kami tampilkan [untuk para mitra proyek] adalah seperti ini: <em>Seekor burung mencari mangsa untuk memberi makan burung-burung lain dan akhirnya menemukan seekor siput, mengambilnya dengan paruhnya dan terbang ke dahan pohon. Ia duduk di sana dan mulai memanggil burung-burung lain untuk datang. Ketika burung-burung lain datang, ia memecahkan cangkang dan memakan daging siput itu sendiri lalu terbang menjauh. Burung-burung lain memakan cangkang yang tersisa.<\/em> Drama dan lagu ini menyampaikan pesan bahwa semuanya dilakukan atas nama kami, tetapi hanya Anda yang diuntungkan. Para mitra menerima dana atas nama kami tetapi menyalahgunakannya, memperkaya diri sendiri tanpa melakukan apa pun untuk kami. Kami mementaskan drama ini untuk menyadarkan para mitra.\u201d <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"label\"><div class='short-link'>\n\t\t\t<a class='GTMshortLink' href='https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/87779\/the-bumpy-road-to-community-conservation-in-papua-new-guinea?fnl=' target='_blank'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__box'><span>Read also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='short-link__desc'>The bumpy road to community conservation in Papua New Guinea<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sekitar waktu itu, PwM telah menggunakan materi cetak dan program radio untuk menyebarkan informasi tentang usulan kawasan konservasi. Namun, menurut Lillian Bago, yang bekerja di PwM sebagai petugas program sejak 2006-2010, materi cetak tersebut \u201cmenjadi terlalu mahal untuk diproduksi, dan biaya pengangkutan [materi] tersebut dari Port Moresby ke Managalas meningkat setiap tahunnya.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bago juga mencatat, \u201cDari evaluasi informal yang saya lakukan selama kunjungan, saya menemukan bahwa masyarakat tidak lagi tertarik atau menggunakan materi cetak. Menurut mereka, mencetak materi tersebut hanya membuang-buang uang karena mereka tidak punya waktu untuk membaca\u2014di antara alasan lainnya.\u201d Program radio juga punya dampak terbatas, karena tidak semua orang memiliki radio dan siaran tidak selalu disampaikan dalam bahasa yang dapat dipahami penduduk setempat.<\/p>\n<p>Pada 2010, kelompok teater tersebut diluncurkan berbekal pelatihan dari seorang pakar dari Universitas Papua Nugini dan mementaskan produksi pertamanya pada tahun yang sama. Saat ini, teater tetap menjadi metode yang paling penting dan memiliki jangkauan luas untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan menyebarluaskan informasi di seluruh Dataran Tinggi itu. Dengan demikian, metode tersebut memainkan peran penting dalam upaya para mitra lokal, regional, dan internasional untuk menyusun dan mengimplementasikan rencana pengelolaan MCA\u2014membangun kepercayaan, meningkatkan transparansi, dan memenuhi komitmen. Baik di atas maupun di luar panggung, drama pengembangan MCA terus berlangsung.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"pt-0\">\n<div class=\"gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full\">\n<div class=\"relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8\"><em>Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang proyek ini<\/em><i>, silahkan mengubungi William Unsworth (CIFOR-ICRAF): <\/i><a href=\"mailto:w.unsworth@cifor-icraf.org\"><i>w.unsworth@cifor-icraf.org<\/i><\/a><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pada suatu sore yang cerah di bulan September di Dataran Tinggi Managalas, Papua Nugini (PNG), penduduk Desa Joivi memadati padang rumput yang menjadi pusat permukiman. Anak-anak tertawa dan saling mengejar satu sama lain; orang-orang dewasa mengobrol dan mengunyah buah pinang, yang diambil dari pohon pinang (Areca catechu) yang tumbuh di sekitar rumah-rumah beratap rumbia Joivi. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":264,"featured_media":91001,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12057,12114,12105],"tags":[4974,11842],"language":[2171],"location":[12251],"tag-bahasa":[2741],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[7144],"class_list":["post-90998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bentang-alam","category-forests-news-id","category-hutan-masyarakat","tag-papua-new-guinea","tag-theatre","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-asia-pacific","tag-bahasa-papua-nugini","type-bahasa-berita","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mengapa seni teater penting bagi konservasi di Dataran Tinggi Managalas - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/90998\/mengapa-teater-penting-untuk-konservasi-di-dataran-tinggi-managalas-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mengapa seni teater penting bagi konservasi di Dataran Tinggi Managalas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pada suatu sore yang cerah di bulan September di Dataran Tinggi Managalas, Papua Nugini (PNG), penduduk Desa Joivi memadati padang rumput yang menjadi pusat permukiman. 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