{"id":81556,"date":"2023-02-27T06:00:30","date_gmt":"2023-02-26T23:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=81556"},"modified":"2023-02-26T20:48:41","modified_gmt":"2023-02-26T13:48:41","slug":"di-republik-demokratik-kongo-inklusi-masyarakat-adat-dan-lokal-dalam-redd-masih-belum-tuntas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/81556\/di-republik-demokratik-kongo-inklusi-masyarakat-adat-dan-lokal-dalam-redd-masih-belum-tuntas","title":{"rendered":"Di Republik Demokratik Kongo, Inklusi Masyarakat Adat dan Lokal dalam REDD+ Masih Belum Tuntas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lebih dari satu dekade sejak adopsi tujuh prinsip<\/a> perlindungan REDD+<\/a> oleh Konferensi Perubahan Iklim Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa 2010 (UNFCCC COP16<\/a>), implementasi nasional dua kerangka perlindungan yang menangani Masyarakat Adat dan Komunitas Lokal (IP and LC) masih belum tuntas.<\/p>\n

Para peneliti yang menelaah implementasi kerangka perlindungan di Republik Demokratik Kongo (RDK) \u2013 yang dinilai \u2018bergerak cepat\u2019 dalam REDD+ \u2013 menemukan bahwa regulasi nasional yang seharusnya berselaras dengan kerangka perlindungan ini masih jauh dari menjawab inklusivitas yang diharapkan. Perlindungan Cancun memandatkan bahwa negara menafsirkan prinsip-prinsip ini secara mandiri, menghormati hukum nasional dalam memutuskan \u2013 misalnya \u2013 apa yang dianggap sebagai \u2018penghormatan\u2019 atau \u2018partisipasi\u2019 untuk IP dan LC.<\/p>\n

Penelitian yang merupakan bagian dari Studi Komparatif Global CIFOR-ICRAF tentang REDD+<\/a>, menemukan bahwa meskipun terdapat konvensi internasional yang mengakui hak-hak Masyarakat Adat, hingga saat ini RDK belum memiliki regulasi nasional yang menyediakan muatan hukum dan mekanisme perlindungan yang relevan.<\/p>\n

Studi<\/a> ini dilakukan oleh profesor hukum Universitas Kisangani<\/a> Marie-Bernard Dhedya Lonu, bersama Antropolog Sosial CIFOR-ICRAF, Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti dan Ketua Tim Tata Kelola, Kesetaraan dan Kesejahteraan CIFOR-ICRAF, Anne Larson. Mereka menemukan, beberapa regulasi di RDK masih menjadi tantangan bagi kesetaraan inklusi masyarakat adat dan lokal dalam REDD+ serta manfaat yang bisa diperoleh.<\/p>\n

\u201cMisalnya, kepemilikan kolektif atas tanah menurut hukum atau adat dijamin oleh ketentuan pasal 34 UUD,\u201d tulis para peneliti. \u201cTetapi kepemilikan tanah di RDK secara eksklusif dikuasai negara, dan dalam praktiknya, komunitas dan individu hanya dapat memegang hak atas kesenangan, penggunaan, hak pakai hasil, peralihan dan konsesi atas tanah negara.\u201d<\/p>\n

Para peneliti juga menemukan, pengakuan konstitusional hak kepemilikan kolektif atas tanah menghadapi masalah serius dalam praktiknya, karena sesuai dengan pasal 387, 388, dan 389 UU Pertanahan, hak tersebut harus dirinci oleh peraturan presiden, yang tidak dikeluarkan hingga saat ini.<\/p>\n\n

Namun, penelitian mengungkap bahwa RDK telah membuat langkah maju dalam hak sumber daya bagi masyarakat lokal. UU Kehutanan 2002<\/a>, termasuk melalui Keputusan No. 14\/018 (2 Agustus 2014) memungkinkan masyarakat memperoleh konsesi hutan dengan hak abadi dan tidak dapat dicabut. \u201cMasyarakat lokal juga dapat memperoleh konsesi konservasi dimana pemerintah mempercayakan mereka (seluruhnya atau sebagian) dengan penggunaan dan pengelolaan sumber daya hutan dan satwa liar untuk konservasi keanekaragaman hayati,\u201d tulis para peneliti. \u201cNamun, mengimplementasikan hutan kemasyarakatan dan konsesi konservasi keanekaragaman hayati merupakan tantangan karena biaya prosedural yang perlu dikeluarkan dan keterampilan teknis yang diperlukan.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lebih jauh, Peraturan Menteri 2018 mengenai REDD+ menegaskan bahwa cadangan karbon hutan adalah milik negara, meski mengakui bahwa unit-unit reduksi emisi dimiliki oleh mereka yang berinvestasi dalam REDD+, termasuk masyarakat. RDK juga telah meratifikasi perjanjian dan konvensi yang relevan, mengarah pada penerapan standar umum untuk pemajuan dan perlindungan hak-hak perempuan.<\/p>\n

Langkah maju signifikan lain dalam hal inklusi adalah Undang-Undang 2022 tentang Pemajuan dan Perlindungan Hak Masyarakat Adat Pigmi. \u201cSelain memberikan definisi tentang Masyarakat Adat (\u201cmasyarakat pemburu-pengumpul yang umumnya hidup di dalam hutan,\u201d yang dibedakan \u201cdengan identitas budaya, cara hidup, ketertarikan dan kedekatan dengan alam serta pengetahuan endogennya\u201d), undang-undang ini mengusulkan kerangka normatif untuk perlindungan Masyarakat Adat di RDK, kata para peneliti.<\/p>\n

Saat ini, RDK juga sedang merevisi Undang-Undang Pertahanannya. Revisinya diharapkan dapat lebih mempertimbangkan masyarakat lokal dan mengamankan hak-hak mereka melalui pelembagaan registrasi tanah adat dan berbagai mekanisme lain.<\/p>\n\n

Studi<\/em><\/a> <\/em>Komparatif Global<\/em> CIFOR-ICRAF\u2019s<\/em><\/a> tentang REDD+ didanai oleh Badan Kerjasama Pembangunan Norwegia (<\/em>Norad<\/a>), Inisiatif Iklim Internasional (<\/em>IKI<\/a>) <\/em>Kementerian Lingkungan, Konservasi Alam dan Keselamatan Nuklir Pemerintah Federal Jerman (<\/em>BMU<\/a>), Badan Perkembangan Internasional Amerika.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lebih dari satu dekade sejak adopsi tujuh prinsip perlindungan REDD+ oleh Konferensi Perubahan Iklim Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa 2010 (UNFCCC COP16), implementasi nasional dua kerangka perlindungan yang menangani Masyarakat Adat dan Komunitas Lokal (IP and LC) masih belum tuntas. Para peneliti yang menelaah implementasi kerangka perlindungan di Republik Demokratik Kongo (RDK) \u2013 yang dinilai \u2018bergerak cepat\u2019 dalam […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":417,"featured_media":81557,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[7301,2575,2819],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[10629],"class_list":["post-81556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-gcs-redd","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-adat","tag-bahasa-redd","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDi Republik Demokratik Kongo, Inklusi Masyarakat Adat dan Lokal dalam REDD+ Masih Belum Tuntas - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/81556\/di-republik-demokratik-kongo-inklusi-masyarakat-adat-dan-lokal-dalam-redd-masih-belum-tuntas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Di Republik Demokratik Kongo, Inklusi Masyarakat Adat dan Lokal dalam REDD+ Masih Belum Tuntas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lebih dari satu dekade sejak adopsi tujuh prinsip perlindungan REDD+ oleh Konferensi Perubahan Iklim Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa 2010 (UNFCCC COP16), implementasi nasional dua kerangka perlindungan yang menangani Masyarakat Adat dan Komunitas Lokal (IP and LC) masih belum tuntas. 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