{"id":78740,"date":"2022-08-11T10:27:58","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T03:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=78740"},"modified":"2022-08-15T11:56:08","modified_gmt":"2022-08-15T04:56:08","slug":"asia-dan-agroforestri-pendekatan-sistematis-pada-kebijakan-dan-praktik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/78740\/asia-dan-agroforestri-pendekatan-sistematis-pada-kebijakan-dan-praktik","title":{"rendered":"Asia dan Agroforestri: Pendekatan Sistematis pada Kebijakan dan Praktik"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rekan saya \u2014 Mi Sun Park \u2014 dan saya beruntung bisa menjadi ko-editor edisi khusus jurnal ilmiah, Forests<\/em>, yang terfokus pada pendekatan sistematis kebijakan dan praktik agroforestri di Asia.<\/p>\n

Agroforestri merupakan sebuah praktik pemanfaatan lahan yang mengoptimalkan manfaat interaksi biologi dengan secara sengaja mengaitkan pohon, tanaman, dan ternak dalam sebuah sistem agroekologi. Agroforestri meliputi sekitar 1 miliar hektar, atau 43% lahan pertanian global dan melibatkan lebih dari 900 juta orang. Di Asia, agroforestri berperan penting dalam penghidupan lokal sejak dulu. Jika didefinisikan bahwa lebih dari 10% tutupan pohon pada lahan pertanian, agroforestri meliputi 77,80% seluruh lahan di Asia Tenggara, 50,50% di Asia Timur, 27% di Asia Selatan, dan 23,60% di Asia Utara dan Tengah.<\/p>\n

Sepanjang sejarahnya, masyarakat Asia menerapkan beragam sistem agroforestri untuk bahan bakar, pangan, obat, dan pendapatan. Namun, di awal abad 20, pertumbuhan penduduk dan pengaruh eksternal membuat agroforestri diubah menjadi pertanian intensif dan perkebunan monokrop. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dan sosial, seperti ketidakamanan pangan dan hilangnya habitat bagi manusia dan spesies lain.<\/p>\n

Meskipun demikian, terutama berkat upaya riset dari World Agroforestry (ICRAF), terdapat peningkatan kesadaran mengenai manfaat yang diberikan agroforestri, sekaligus menjadi topik penting dalam agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan secara global dan nasional. Agroforestri kini diakui sebagai sistem pertanian cerdas-iklim oleh Panel Antarpemerintah Perubahan Iklim dan Konvensi Kerangka Perubahan Iklim Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB); sebagai sebuah Apropiasi Nasional Aksi Mitigasi dan Program Aksi Adaptasi Nasional untuk sektor pertanian; sebagai strategi di bawah Konvensi PBB dalam Memerangi Desertifikasi; pemberi manfaat bagi keanekaragaman hayati oleh Konvesi Keanearagaman Hayati PBB; dan mampu meningkatkan jasa ekosistem, oleh Forum Hutan PBB.<\/p>\n\n

Di Asia sendiri, agroforestri menarik perhatian baik bagi sektor kehutanan maupun pertanian, dan dipandang sebagai jembatan. Di beberapa negara Asia, agroforestri kini dimasukan dalam kebijakan pertanian atau kehutanan. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, kebijakan nasional khusus agroforestri sudah muncul. Pada 2014, misalnya, India menjadi negara pertama di dunia yang mengadopsi kebijakan agroforestri nasional, disusul oleh Nepal pada 2019.<\/p>\n

Di tingkat regional, pada Pertemuan Menteri Pertanian dan Kehutanan ASEAN Ke-37 tahun 2015, para menteri menyokong Visi dan Rencana Strategis Kerjasama ASEAN dalam bidang Pangan, Pertanian dan Kehutanan<\/em> 2016-2025<\/em>. Rencana strategis ini mengidentifikasi tujuh \u2018pendorong strategis\u2019 dan program aksi terkait. Pendorong Strategis 4 terfokus pada peningkatan resiliensi terhadap perubahan iklim, bencana alam, dan kejutan lain, serta mencakup program aksi perluasan sistem agroforestri resilien yang selaras secara ekologis dan ekonomis.<\/p>\n

Mengakui kontribusi agroforestri dalam mewujudkan keamanan pangan, tata kelola hutan berkelanjutan dan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan, Pertemuan Pejabat Senior Kehutanan ASEAN ke-20 sepakat untuk menyusun Panduan Pengembangan Agroforestri<\/em>, yang diadposi pada Pertemuan Menteri Pertanian dan Kehutanan ke-39 tahun 2017. Panduan ini berisi 75 panduan di bawah 14 prinsip untuk kelembagaan, ekonomi, lingkungan hidup, sosio kultur, desain teknis dan komunikasi, serta perluasan wilayah agroforestri.<\/p>\n

Di atas semua aktivitas tersebut di atas, dan lebih ke lapangan, edisi khusus ini mengeksplorasi dimensi lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial dari agroforestri di Asia melalui berbagai metode riset. Edisi ini menampilkan 11 artikel mengenai agroforestri di tingkat nasional, regional dan global yang memetakan tren riset; jasa dan fungsi utama agroforestri; menampilkan berbagai kajian dari berbagai negara Asia, termasuk Bangladesh, Indonesia, Laos, PDR, Nepal, Timor Leste, dan Vietnam; serta mengungkap manfaat agroforestri, seperti peningkatan pendapatan dan sekuestrasi karbon; minat petani dalam mengadopsi sistem agroforestri; jasa ekosistem; norma sosial dan kultural; kebijakan manajemen agroforestri; bambu dan ginseng liar; selain beragam metodologi riset (telaah sistematis, survey, pemodelan topik, analisis kebijakan, dan studi kasus).<\/p>\n

Sebagai editor, kami mencoba menjamin bukti ilmiah dan pembelajaran praktis mengenai kebijakan dan praktik agroforestri di Asia ditampilkan secara komprehensif untuk mengembangkan basis pengetahuan dalam memapankan dan mengimplementasikan kebijakan dan praktik agroforestri di Asia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rekan saya \u2014 Mi Sun Park \u2014 dan saya beruntung bisa menjadi ko-editor edisi khusus jurnal ilmiah, Forests, yang terfokus pada pendekatan sistematis kebijakan dan praktik agroforestri di Asia. Agroforestri merupakan sebuah praktik pemanfaatan lahan yang mengoptimalkan manfaat interaksi biologi dengan secara sengaja mengaitkan pohon, tanaman, dan ternak dalam sebuah sistem agroekologi. Agroforestri meliputi sekitar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":151,"featured_media":78743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[2481,7242,2647,11058],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[2424],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1667],"class_list":["post-78740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-agroforestri","tag-bahasa-kebijakan","tag-bahasa-restorasi","tag-bahasa-wanatani","type-bahasa-analisis","type-english-analysis-opinion"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAsia dan Agroforestri: Pendekatan Sistematis pada Kebijakan dan Praktik - 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