{"id":75047,"date":"2021-11-03T14:10:25","date_gmt":"2021-11-03T07:10:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=75047"},"modified":"2021-11-03T14:10:25","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T07:10:25","slug":"fokus-bahan-bakar-fosil-dalam-topik-hutan-dan-pepohonan-di-cop26","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/75047\/fokus-bahan-bakar-fosil-dalam-topik-hutan-dan-pepohonan-di-cop26","title":{"rendered":"Fokus Bahan Bakar Fosil dalam Topik Hutan dan Pepohonan di COP26"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Menempatkan isu pemanfaatan lahan \u2013 termasuk deforestasi, reforestasi dan restorasi \u2013 sebagai prioritas terdepan dan inti dalam KTT Iklim <a href=\"https:\/\/ukcop26.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">COP26<\/a> PBB di Glasgow, tak diragukan lagi merupakan langkah positif dan penting. Akan tetapi para pemimpin juga harus menjaga agar emisi bahan bakar fosil berada di puncak agenda. Demikian dikatakan Robert Nasi, Direktur Pelaksana Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan dan Wanatani Internasional (CIFOR-ICRAF).<\/p>\n<p>Ia menyampaikan pernyataannya merespon sebuah laporan dalam harian Inggris <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2021\/oct\/15\/uk-to-push-plan-to-halt-and-reverse-global-deforestation-by-2030-at-cop26-aoe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><em>Guardian<\/em><\/a> yang menyatakan bahwa sebuah kesepakatan dan pendanaan baru untuk menghentikan kehilangan dan degradasi hutan akan diumumkan pada KTT.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKita perlu meninggalkan bahan bakar fosil, bergerak ke energi terbarukan, sambil menghapus insentif finansial merugikan, seperti subsidi,\u201d kata Nasi.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMenghentikan deforestasi dan melindungi tegakkan hutan atau membalikkannya melalui reforestasi dan restorasi bentang alam dapat membuat kontribusi dramatis pada mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim, seraya mewujudkan target keanekaragaman hayati. Tetapi jika tidak disertai tindakan untuk menurunkan 75 persen emisi dari sektor lain, semua ini tidak akan membawa pada hari esok \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/process-and-meetings\/the-paris-agreement\/the-paris-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">1,5 derajat Celsius<\/a>\u2019 yang kita inginkan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Fokus presidensi COP26 pada hutan dan pepohonan tetap krusial karena sektor Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Pemanfaatan Lahan lain (AFOLU) mewakili sekitar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/i3671e\/i3671e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">25 persen<\/a> emisi pemanasan bumi. Manfaat lain yang sering terabaikan adalah bahwa hanya sektor ini yang secara aktif menyerap karbon melalui reforestasi dan restorasi ekosistem.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hutan dan pohon juga menawarkan sinergi kokoh dalam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Konvensi PBB mengenai Keanekaragaman Hayati<\/a> dan agenda pasca-2020, serta <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unccd.int\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Konvensi PBB untuk Memerangi Desertifikasi<\/a> serta agenda netralitas degradasi lahan.<\/p>\n<p>Secara global, deforestasi dan degradasi lahan mengakibatkan emisi rata-rata 8,1 juta metrik ton karbon dioksida tiap tahun, sementara tegakan hutan menyerap 16 juta miliar metrik ton karbon dioksida tiap tahun, menurut <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-020-00976-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">riset<\/a> yang dipublikasikan ilmuwan dan mitra CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/p>\n<p>Produsen dan konsumen komoditas seperti ternak, cokelat, kopi, kedelai, dan minyak sawit telah diminta berkomitmen untuk menghentikan penggundulan lahan, sumber terbesar kedua emisi gas rumah kaca antropogenik, tulis Guaridan, mengutip sumber Downing Street.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCOP26 sangat menekankan pada pohon \u2013 sebagai bagian setara dari \u2018batu bara, mobil, uang, dan pohon\u2019 karena secara personal Perdana Menteri (Boris Johnson) percaya bahwa melindungi alam dan keanekaragaman hayati harus menjadi bagian penting kita mengatasi perubahan iklim. Sejalan dengan mengurangi emisi karbon dari batu bara dan mobil, solusi berbasis alam adalah sebuah prioritas. Inilah mengapa COP26 memandang presidensi Inggris mencoba mendorong perjanjian internasional untuk menghentikan dan membalikkan deforestasi pada 2030,\u201d sebut sumber kepada <em>Guardian<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Akan tetapi, saat ini tidak ada sistem pemantauan dan evaluasi yang efektif untuk menjejak komitmen secara terkoordinasi, dan sejauh ini sebagian besar laporan mengindikasikan bahwa komitmen itu belum tercapai.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPeluang besar muncul sebagai alternatif penggundulan lahan, tidak hanya melalui restorasi lahan berhutan, namun juga dengan mengembangkan pertanian bekelanjutan dengan teknik wanatani atau membasahi kembali lahan gambut kering,\u201d kata Nasi. Uji coba di lahan gambut terdegradasi di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa peremajaan dapat secara efektif dilakukan dengan menanam pohon penghasil bio-energi dari spesies asli cepat tumbuh, misalnya.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.decadeonrestoration.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Dekade Restorasi Ekosistem PBB 2021-2030<\/a> memberi titik terang dari sejumlah proyek dan peluang rekarbonisasi ekosistem berbasis alam yang inovatif.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSejalan dengan para pemimpin politik dapat diyakinkan untuk mengadopsi perubahan transformatif dan berkelanjutan, kita juga perlu meyakinkan sektor swasta, yang penghasilannya bergantung pada komoditas tersebut,\u201d katanya. \u201cPendekatan wortel dan tongkat harus diterapkan agar kewajiban dan tanggung jawab dipenuhi.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nasib masyarakat adat dan lokal, serta bagaimana hal ini akan mempengaruhi petani dan produsen kecil merupakan salah satu isu kritis yang perlu menjadi pertimbangan.<\/p>\n\n<p>Saat ini, insentif finansial berbagai negara di Global Selatan untuk menjaga hutan masih kurang.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni isu yang menggangu dan menantang,\u201d kata Nasi. \u201cBeberapa negara masih memiliki tutupan hutan luas dan laju deforestasi rendah \u2013 dengan sejumlah alasan, namun umumnya karena kurangnya kepadatan penduduk \u2013 misalnya di Guyana dan Gabon \u2013 atau alasan ketersediaan sumber daya seperti minyak \u2013 misalnya di Brunei. Negara-negara \u2013 dengan deforestasi rendah \u2013 tersebut tidak mendapat manfaat dari mekanisme REDD+ yang dibangun untuk mengurangi deforestasi. Padahal mereka berperan penting menjaga tegakkan hutan. Oleh karena itu, para pemimpin seharusnya mencari jalan untuk menghargai terhindarnya deforestasi dibanding saat ini.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Banyak hasil positif dari REDD+ dan pendanaan publik, yang mendorong lebih banyak riset, peningkatan kapasitas pengukuran karbon, pemetaan kehilangan dan pertumbuhan hutan, dukungan keragaman gender, masyarakat adat dan lokal, sebagai kondisi kunci dalam mengatasi deforestasi dan degradasi hutan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika solusi berbasis alam untuk melawan perubahan iklim secara potensial mampu memitigasi 30 persen emisi, mengapa mereka hanya mendapat 3 persen dari pendanaan iklim,\u201d kata Nasi. \u201cKita perlu investasi lebih pada hutan dan sistem berbasis pohon serta infrastruktur hijau, dengan cara yang sama kita berinvestasi pada pembangunan jalan atau infrastruktur lain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Menuntut negara-negara bertanggung jawab adalah hal yang rumit, namun satu hal yang jelas, bahwa transparansi menjadi kunci, dan seharusnya diterapkan bagi negara maju maupun berkembang.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSejauh ini, berbagai negara Global Utara tidak sepenuhnya memenuhi janjinya: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sites\/un2.un.org\/files\/100_billion_climate_finance_report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">100 miliar dolar AS per tahun dalam pendanaan iklim<\/a> yang dijanjikan pada 2009 tidak muncul, subsidi untuk <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2021\/oct\/06\/fossil-fuel-industry-subsidies-of-11m-dollars-a-minute-imf-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">bahan bakar fosil mencapai 11 juta dolar AS satu menit<\/a>, \u2014International Monetary Fund dalam laporan terbarunya menyatakan bahwa produksi dan pembakaran batu bara, minyak dan gas <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Publications\/WP\/Issues\/2021\/09\/23\/Still-Not-Getting-Energy-Prices-Right-A-Global-and-Country-Update-of-Fossil-Fuel-Subsidies-466004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">mendapat subsidi sebesar 5,9 triliun dolar AS pada 2020<\/a> \u2014 sementara banyak negara masih membuka tambang batu bara atau pembangkit listrik tenaga batu bara baru.\u201d<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Menempatkan isu pemanfaatan lahan \u2013 termasuk deforestasi, reforestasi dan restorasi \u2013 sebagai prioritas terdepan dan inti dalam KTT Iklim COP26 PBB di Glasgow, tak diragukan lagi merupakan langkah positif dan penting. Akan tetapi para pemimpin juga harus menjaga agar emisi bahan bakar fosil berada di puncak agenda. Demikian dikatakan Robert Nasi, Direktur Pelaksana Pusat Penelitian [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":75049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[10741,10735,3680],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3094],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[989],"class_list":["post-75047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-bahan-bakar-fosil","tag-bahasa-cop26","tag-bahasa-perubahan-iklim","type-bahasa-wawancara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fokus Bahan Bakar Fosil dalam Topik Hutan dan Pepohonan di COP26 - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/75047\/fokus-bahan-bakar-fosil-dalam-topik-hutan-dan-pepohonan-di-cop26\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fokus Bahan Bakar Fosil dalam Topik Hutan dan Pepohonan di COP26\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Menempatkan isu pemanfaatan lahan \u2013 termasuk deforestasi, reforestasi dan restorasi \u2013 sebagai prioritas terdepan dan inti dalam KTT Iklim COP26 PBB di Glasgow, tak diragukan lagi merupakan langkah positif dan penting. 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