{"id":74890,"date":"2021-10-21T13:19:33","date_gmt":"2021-10-21T06:19:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=74890"},"modified":"2021-10-21T13:19:33","modified_gmt":"2021-10-21T06:19:33","slug":"dana-iklim-hijau-untuk-deforestasi-dan-degradasi-serta-konservasi-hutan-terlalu-banyak-kurang-atau-sudah-pas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/74890\/dana-iklim-hijau-untuk-deforestasi-dan-degradasi-serta-konservasi-hutan-terlalu-banyak-kurang-atau-sudah-pas","title":{"rendered":"Dana Iklim Hijau untuk Deforestasi dan Degradasi, serta Konservasi Hutan: Terlalu Banyak, Kurang atau Sudah Pas?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Dana Iklim hijau<\/a> (GCF) muncul sebagai mekanisme finansial penting dalam mendanai REDD+ (Reduksi Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan) dan telah menerapkan sistem pembayaran berbasis hasil untuk penurunan emisi terkait hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Sistem GCF memberikan contoh pembelajaran bagi pendekatan berbasis non-pasar terhadap REDD+. Reduksi emisi yang dibayarkan dari GCF tidak bisa diperjualbelikan dan kepemilikannya tidak bisa dipindahkan kepada GCF terkait pembayarannya.<\/p>\n<p>Kini, sistem ini sedang dikaji.<\/p>\n<p>Banyak negara hutan tropis mengalokasikan waktu dalam menjalani proses panjang membangun sistem yang dibutuhkan untuk pembayaran REDD+. Proses ini temrasuk sistem pemantauan hutan nasional dan penyusunan \u201ctingkat emisi rujukan\u201d (FREL) sebagai basis pengukuran perubahan karbon hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Ketika sebuah negara memiliki FREL dalam periode waktu tertentu, pengukuran perubahan karbon dalam periode tersebut dapat dilakukan. Jika reduksi berhasil klaim, negara tersebut dapat mengajukan \u201cpembayaran berbasis hasil\u201d (RBP) dari GCF dengan nilai 5 dolar AS per ton dengan mengajukan proposal yang dinilai oleh GCF <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/terms-reference-pilot-programme-redd-results-based-payments.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">menggunakan rentang kriteria tertentu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Memang terdengar sederhana, tetapi seperti biasa, <a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-9326\/aafc6b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">tantangannya adalah pada detail<\/a>, terutama ketika memasuki kompleksitas isu pengukuran reduksi emisi hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Misalnya, bagaimana satu negara mengukur emisi dari kebakaran? Akankah emisi kembali memasuki atmosfer di masa yang akan datang? Atau, apakah metode yang digunakan satu negara bisa <a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/CIFOR\/redd-reference-level-frel-submissions-to-unfccc-are-they-biased-upwards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">menggelembungkan basis<\/a> rujukan?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"623\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-623x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-74926\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-623x415.jpg 623w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-566x377.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-220x147.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-610x406.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-152x102.jpg 152w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-669x446.jpg 669w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k-1100x733.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/25832549908_1da46ec304_k.jpg 2047w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Potret udara Desa Ribangkadeng Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Kalimantan Barat. Foto oleh:<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n<p><strong>Program Percontohan GCF untuk REDD+<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pada 2017, GCF mengalokasikan 500 juta dolar AS untu menjalankan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/document\/terms-reference-pilot-programme-redd-results-based-payments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Program Percontohan<\/a>, bagi negara hutan tropis untuk dapat mengajukan pembayaran atas reduksi emisi terkait deforestasi, degradasi hutan dan konservasi.<\/p>\n<p>Ketika RBP diajukan oleh sebuah negara kepada GCF, sejumlah kriteria perlu dipenuhi, termasuk kaitan dengan FREL, jaminan sosial dan lingkungan, serta proses pembayaran finansial.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/terms-reference-pilot-programme-redd-results-based-payments.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Kerangka Acuan bagi Program Percontohan Pembayaran Berbasis Hasil REDD+<\/a> menerbitkan apa yang diperlukan dalam hal kelayakan, akses, valuasi, kepemilikan dan status legal, FREL, kepatuhan dengan kebijakan GCF, proses persetujuan, penilaian kriteria dan pertimbangan dewan GCF.<\/p>\n<p>Program percontohan GCF sudah menghabiskan alokasi awal 500 juta dolar AS dan menyetujui pembayaran untuk Brasil, Indonesia, Ekuador, Kolombia, Paraguay, Chili, Argentia dan Kosta Rika, seperi dipaparkan di tabel berikut ini. Detail pembayaran dari program percontohan pertama GCF <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/74719\/reducing-deforestation-and-forest-degradation-and-conservation-of-forests-at-the-green-climate-fundtoo-much-too-little-or-just-enough?fnl=#myModal\">klik di sini<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Banyak dari proposal RBP memicu sorotan dari Lembaga Masyarakat Sipil (CSO), serta anggota Dewan GCF.<\/p>\n<p>Misalnya, ketika proposal Brasil diterima, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2018\/nov\/24\/brazil-records-worst-annual-deforestation-for-a-decade\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">tanda peringatan disuarakan<\/a>, bahwa Pemerintahan Bolsonaro akan mendorong deforestasi pada tahun-tahun ke depan. Proposal dari <a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2020\/09\/green-climate-fund-indonesia-redd-deforestation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Indonesia<\/a> dan <a href=\"https:\/\/metafusion-a.akamaihd.net\/200818_6250_GCF_B26_Virtual\/lecture_77444_un.mp4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Kolombia<\/a> memicu sorotan terkait integritas lingkungan dari anggota Dewan dari Norwegia dan Jerman yang menekankan perlunya kajian serius terhadap Kartu Penilaian GCF dan sistem penilaiannya, khususnya terkait kesinambungan subjek, risiko reversal dan lamanya periode FREL ditetapkan.<\/p>\n<p>Beberapa CSO yang mengikuti pertemuan Dewan GCF ke-26 <a href=\"https:\/\/wrm.org.uy\/actions-and-campaigns\/the-green-climate-fund-gcf-must-say-no-to-more-redd-funding-requests\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">menyerukan<\/a> agar Program Percontohan REDD+ segera dihentikan.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"625\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-625x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-74894\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-625x415.jpg 625w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-566x376.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-220x146.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-610x405.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-152x102.jpg 152w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-672x446.jpg 672w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1-1100x731.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/35073180044_95192d5c51_k-1.jpg 2047w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Potret udara hutan hujan Amazon, Brazil. Foto oleh:  <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n<p><strong>REDD+ dalam telaah<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kini, GCF mengkaji kembali sistem RBP. Banyak pembelajaran yang diperoleh, baik saat proses pengembangan awal dan dalam Program Percontohan.<\/p>\n<p>Pada peluncuran Program Percontohan, disepakati bahwa kajian jangka menengah akan dilakukan pada 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/document\/gcf-b25-inf06-add01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Kajian jangka menengah ini disampaikan kepada<\/a> Dewan pada <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/boardroom\/meeting\/b25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Pertemuan ke-25<\/a> awal 2020 dan mendapat masukan dari sejumlah pakar di lapangan serta menjawab sejumlah isu preosedural dan teknis secara detail. Kajian jangka menengah ini dimaksudkan untuk menginformasi langkah lebih lanjut mengenai bagaimana GCF mengelola RPB dari REDD+.<\/p>\n<p>Beberapa tantangan terkait isu prosedural yang muncul antara lain kurang jelasnya peran dan tanggung jawab AE. Sorotan juga muncul terkait kurangnya transparansi dalam proses, yang menuntut ketersediaan informasi bagi publik. Pendekatan \u201ckartu nilai\u201d juga menimbulkan pertanyaan, termasuk kesesuaian sistem pembobotan yang digunakan.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam isu teknis, sorotan yang muncul antara lain penerapan \u2018emisi historis tahunan rata-rata\u2019 selama periode referensi, dan potensi penggelembungan rujukan dasar, dan potensi rekalkulasi FREL pada GCF setelah asesmen teknis Konvensi Kerangka Kerja Perubahan Iklim PBB (UNFCCC).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/redd.unfccc.int\/fact-sheets\/safeguards.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Perlindungan REDD+<\/a>, disepakati pada 2010 di Cancun dan diakui sebagai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cifor.org\/knowledge\/publication\/7428\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">salah satu area kemajuan<\/a> dalam REDD+, juga mendapatkan tantangan terkait bagaimana hal tersebut seharusnya diterapkan dalam kaitannya dengan sistem manajemen risiko internal GCF.<\/p>\n<p>Berbagai negara juga perlu menunjukkan bagaimana rencana lanjutan, meskipun kekhawatiran muncul atas kejelasan sistem pemantauan dan evaluasi lembaga terakreditasi, serta <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14693062.2019.1618786\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">pengaturan pembagian manfaat yang berkeadilan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#myModal2\" data-toggle=\"modal\" data-target=\"#myModal2\">Table 2 identifies and categorizes the many issues raised in the initial RFP and the midterm review, which the GCF should address in the review of the Pilot Programme<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"622\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-622x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-74896\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-622x415.jpg 622w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-566x378.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-220x147.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-610x407.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-152x102.jpg 152w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-668x446.jpg 668w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1-1100x734.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/36674013521_1f70bfdae6_k-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 622px) 100vw, 622px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Masyarakat di pesawahan Jambi, Indonesia. Foto oleh: <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n<p><strong>Baik, buruk dan belum sempurna<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tidak sedikit isu yang diangkat terkait sistem ini. Pertanyaan serius juga muncul apakah isu fundamental ini dapat dijawab oleh GCF pada kapasitasnya sebagai mekanisme finansial UNFCCC.<\/p>\n<p>Misalnya, tantangan terkait FREL yang berakar pada <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/topics\/land-use\/resources\/warsaw-framework-for-redd-plus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Kerangka Kerja UNFCC Warsawa mengenai REDD+<\/a>, dan GCF yang secara tradisional mengambil posisi tidak keluar dari Kerangka UNFCCC dalam mengimplementasikan sistemnya sendiri, sementara berbagai negara menolak keras masukan bahwa kerangka REDD+ dapat dinegosiasikan lebih jauh dalam UNFCCC.<\/p>\n<p>Masih ada pekerjaan besar yang harus diselesaikan jika GCF akan membangun sistem RBP REDD+ yang kokok dalam membayar untuk reduksi emisi yang nyata dan permanen. Dalam proses itu, GCF bisa juga memasukkan masukan berikut ini:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mendorong Lembaga Akreditasi, NDA dan Perwakilan REDD+ untuk meningkatkan partisipasi pemangku kepentingan di tingkat nasional dalam penyiapan proposal RBP, dan proyek terkait dengan pemanfaatan dana<\/li>\n<li>GCF perlu melakukan penilaian mandiri mengenai bagaimana sebuah negara mengatasi penyebab deforestasi dan degradasi hutan<\/li>\n<li>Analisis lebih jauh perlu dilakukan oleh GDF untuk mencegah potensi terjadinya pembayaran ganda<\/li>\n<li>GCF perlu menerapkan proses ketat untuk:\n<ul>\n<li>mencegah penghitungan ganda dan penggunaan rujukan dasar yang digelembungkan;<\/li>\n<li>menjamin kepatuhan perlindungan dan memberi insentif bagi peningkatan sistem perlindungan; dan<\/li>\n<li>menjamin reduksi emisi menjadi permanen, tanpa risiko berbalik atau kebocoran.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sebuah proposal baru  untuk sistem RBP GCF diharapkan muncul sebelum pertemuan Dewan pada 2022. Mungkin belum sempurna, tetapi banyak pembelajaran yang telah diperoleh cukup untuk menjamin sistem ini hadir dengan penyempurnaan efisiensi dan efektivitas penggunaan dana GCF, serta pembayaran untuk reduksi emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan yang nyata dan permanen.<\/p>\n<div id=\"myModal2\" class=\"modal fade bd-example-modal-lg\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\">\n<div class=\"modal-dialog modal-lg\" role=\"document\">\n<div class=\"modal-content\">\n<div class=\"modal-header\">\n<h5 class=\"modal-title\" style=\"font-size: 1em; padding-top: 20px; padding-left: 20px;\">Table 2. Procedural and Technical Issues identified by the midterm review and the initial RFP<\/h5>\n<p><button class=\"close\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\"><br \/>\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00d7<\/span><br \/>\n<\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"modal-body\">\n<table style=\"height: 1846px;\" width=\"823\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td style=\"transform: rotate(90deg); width: 100px; font-size: 0.9em;\" rowspan=\"6\" width=\"47\"><strong>Procedural Elements<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 35%;\">Enhanced Support<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 65%;\">\n<ul>\n<li>From the Secretariat and independent TAP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Access Modalities<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Roles and responsibilities between the Accredited Entities (AE) and host country governments<\/li>\n<li>Clarity on National Designated Authorities (NDAs) submitting proposals<\/li>\n<li>Fee arrangements<\/li>\n<li>Building capacity for Direct Access entities<\/li>\n<li>Collaborations with national entities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Use of templates, guidance and other documents<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Additional guidance, e.g. manual for preparing funding proposals<\/li>\n<li>Clarity on approach to safeguards<\/li>\n<li>Supporting countries to assess uncertainties<\/li>\n<li>Guidance on Scorecard assessments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Transparency of the process<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Inform the public when concept notes are submitted<\/li>\n<li>Preventing double payment<\/li>\n<li>Monitoring and Evaluation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Valuation of results and size of RFP<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Size of the next GCF envelope<\/li>\n<li>Valuation of results<\/li>\n<li>Eligibility period<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Approval process<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Challenges related to Scorecard<\/li>\n<li>Scorecard review: Transparency; Consistency; and Inclusion of payments in registry<\/li>\n<li>Assessment of the Scorecard and weighting system<\/li>\n<li>International TAP support in project preparation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td style=\"transform: rotate(90deg); width: 100px;\" rowspan=\"8\" width=\"47\"><strong>Technical Elements<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)\/Forest Reference Level (FRL) (<em>Scorecard 2(a)<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Application of average annual historical emissions during the reference period<\/li>\n<li>Meaning of transparent, complete and accurate<\/li>\n<li>Recalculation of the FREL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>REDD-plus results reporting (<em>Scorecard 2(b)<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Alignment between Scorecard and Technical Assessment Report<\/li>\n<li>Safeguards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Safeguards (<em>Scorecard 3(a)<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Safeguards monitoring<\/li>\n<li>Encouraging improvement of Safeguard systems over time<\/li>\n<li>Enhancing participation of stakeholders<\/li>\n<li>Strengthening the grievance redress mechanism<\/li>\n<li>Addressing and respecting rights to carbon<\/li>\n<li>Preventing leakage<\/li>\n<li>Ensuring permanence<\/li>\n<li>Preventing risk of reversals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Use of proceeds and non-carbon benefits (<em>Scorecard 3(b)<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Monitoring and reporting use of proceeds<\/li>\n<li>Evaluating use of proceeds<\/li>\n<li>Incentivising non carbon benefits through separate indicator<\/li>\n<li>Benefit sharing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Investment framework (<em>Scorecard Section 4<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Applying the GCF Investment Criteria to assessment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GCF policies (<em>Scorecard Section 5<\/em>)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Indigenous Peoples Policy<\/li>\n<li>Gender<\/li>\n<li>New GCF Environmental and Social Safeguards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; font-size: 0.9em;\">\n<td>Addressing drivers of deforestation<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Ongoing commitment to addressing drivers of deforestation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Supporting LDCs and Small Island Development States (SIDS)<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Simplified Approvals Process<\/li>\n<li>Enhanced access for HFLD countries<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"modal-footer\">\n<p><button class=\"btn btn-secondary\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\">Close<\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"myModal\" class=\"modal fade bd-example-modal-lg\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\">\n<div class=\"modal-dialog modal-lg\" role=\"document\">\n<div class=\"modal-content\">\n<div class=\"modal-header\">\n<h5 class=\"modal-title\" style=\"font-size: 1em; padding-top: 20px; padding-left: 20px;\">Table 1: GCF Results Based Payments (RBPs) made under the First Pilot Programme<\/h5>\n<p><button class=\"close\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\"><br \/>\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00d7<\/span><br \/>\n<\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"modal-body\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\" width=\"15%\"><strong>GCF Decision<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\" width=\"10%\"><strong>Country<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\" width=\"20%\"><strong>Amount US$millions<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\" width=\"25%\"><strong>Claimed\u00a0 emissions reductions (tonnes)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea;\" width=\"30\"><strong>Period<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP100<\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Brazil<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">96.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">18.8m<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">2014 &#8211; 2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp110\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP110<\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Ecuador<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">18.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">3.6m<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp120\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP120<\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Chile<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">63.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">12.4m<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">2014 &#8211; 2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp121\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP121<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Paraguay<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<td>9.8m<\/td>\n<td>2015 &#8211; 2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP130<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Indonesia<\/td>\n<td>103.8<\/td>\n<td>20.3m<\/td>\n<td>2014 &#8211; 2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp134\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP134<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Colombia<\/td>\n<td>28.2<\/td>\n<td>7m<\/td>\n<td>2015 &#8211; 2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp142\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP142<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Argentina<\/td>\n<td>82<\/td>\n<td>18.73m<\/td>\n<td>2014 &#8211; 2016<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/project\/fp144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">FP144<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Costa Rica<\/td>\n<td>54.1<\/td>\n<td>10.6m<\/td>\n<td>2014 &#8211; 2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, Dana Iklim hijau (GCF) muncul sebagai mekanisme finansial penting dalam mendanai REDD+ (Reduksi Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan) dan telah menerapkan sistem pembayaran berbasis hasil untuk penurunan emisi terkait hutan. Sistem GCF memberikan contoh pembelajaran bagi pendekatan berbasis non-pasar terhadap REDD+. Reduksi emisi yang dibayarkan dari GCF tidak bisa diperjualbelikan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":138,"featured_media":74893,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[6516,6686,2819,6464],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[8518],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1513],"class_list":["post-74890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-green-climate-fund","tag-bahasa-iklim","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-unfccc","type-bahasa-opini"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dana Iklim Hijau untuk Deforestasi dan Degradasi, serta Konservasi Hutan: Terlalu Banyak, Kurang atau Sudah Pas? - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/74890\/dana-iklim-hijau-untuk-deforestasi-dan-degradasi-serta-konservasi-hutan-terlalu-banyak-kurang-atau-sudah-pas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dana Iklim Hijau untuk Deforestasi dan Degradasi, serta Konservasi Hutan: Terlalu Banyak, Kurang atau Sudah Pas?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, Dana Iklim hijau (GCF) muncul sebagai mekanisme finansial penting dalam mendanai REDD+ (Reduksi Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan) dan telah menerapkan sistem pembayaran berbasis hasil untuk penurunan emisi terkait hutan. Sistem GCF memberikan contoh pembelajaran bagi pendekatan berbasis non-pasar terhadap REDD+. 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