{"id":67280,"date":"2020-09-17T08:00:04","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T01:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=67280"},"modified":"2020-09-17T09:56:08","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T02:56:08","slug":"mengembangkan-inisiatif-restorasi-hutan-dan-bentang-alam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/67280\/mengembangkan-inisiatif-restorasi-hutan-dan-bentang-alam","title":{"rendered":"Mengembangkan inisiatif restorasi hutan dan bentang alam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merealisasikan restorasi hutan dan bentang alam merupakan sebuah tantangan besar. Namun para peneliti yakin bahwa target restorasi ekosistem internasonal dapat dicapai jika desain program subnasional dan nasional ditransformasikan.<\/p>\n

Kriteria keberhasilan program ini meliputi penyusunan strategi restorasi yang fleksibel, menjamin partisipasi pemangku kepentingan lokal dalam perencanaan dan mempertimbangkan konteks keunikan bentang alam dalam pertimbangan. Demikian menurut para penulis sebuah makalah penelitian<\/a> yang dipublikasikan jurnal Forests<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u201cDaripada merekomendasikan sebuah kerangka kerja baku, penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa prosesnya perlu disesuaikan untuk kelompok atau pemangku kepentingan khusus yang terlibat,\u201d kata Robin Chazdon, profesor riset Universitas Sunshine Coast Australia, dan ketua penulis makalah.<\/p>\n

Setiap tahun, aktivitas deforestasi atau degradasi lahan terkait pertanian melepas sekitar seperempat<\/a> emisi gas rumah kaca. Terkait kapasitas simpanan karbon, baik konservasi dan restorasi hutan ditempatkan sebagai solusi berbasis-alam utama dalam menjaga pemanasan global.<\/p>\n

Di bawah Tantangan Bonn<\/a>, berbagai negara berkomitmen merestorasi 150 juta hektare pada 2020, dan 350 juta hektare pada 2030 di bawah Deklarasi Hutan New York<\/a>, yang disepakati selama perundingan iklim<\/a> PBB pada 2014.<\/p>\n\n

Sejalan dengan makin dekatnya peluncuran inisiatif baru \u2013 Satu Dekade Restorasi Ekosistem PBB 2021-2030<\/a>, para ilmuwan menyelaraskan upaya penelitian untuk menginformasi kebijakan dan praktik sebagai dasar desain program restorasi yang berpotensi membantu membangun kembali kesehatan ekologi kawasan terdegradasi sambil juga menyediakan beragam manfaat sosioekonomi.<\/p>\n

Meski konsep restorasi hutan dan bentang alam telah ada lebih dari 20 tahun, serta banyak dokumen strategi dan panduan disusun, seringkali rujukan tersebut terlalu teoritis dan tidak secara tepat mempertimbangkan banyak faktor pada lingkup dan keragaman aktor yang terlibat, kata Chazdon, merekomendasikan sebuah alternatif.<\/p>\n

Ia menyatakan, kerangka konseptual utuh para pengambil kebijakan, praktisi dan pelaksana proyek ditautkan dengan kerangka kerja terpersonalisasi yang disusun secara kolaboratif bersama komunitas lokal untuk menjawab kebutuhan dan aspirasi spesifik akan menjadi pendekatan yang lebih efektif dalam mewujudkan solusi potensial bagi inisiasi, implementasi dan pemantuan efektivitas aksi restorasi.<\/p>\n

Kerangka yang disesuaikan dan disusun bersama akan menawarkan manfaat bagi beragam pemangku kepentingan dalam bentang alam, membuka pintu untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan kondisi seiring waktu, katanya.<\/p>\n

Mengkerangkai tantangan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enam prinsip umum restorasi hutan dan bentang alam (FLR), yaitu melibatkan pemangku kepentingan dan mendukung tata kelola partisipatoris; merestorasi beragam fungsi dalam bentang alam yang menawarkan beragam manfaat; menjaga dan meningkatkan ekosistem alami dalam bentang alam; dan menjahit inisiatif pada konteks lokal sambil mendorong resiliensi jangka panjang.<\/p>\n

Prinsip-prinsip tersebut bertujuan menetapkan parameter di luar praktik biasa \u201cbusiness-as-usual<\/em>\u201d yang umumnya mengarah pada deforestasi, degradasi lahan, kehilangan penghidupan, marjinalisasi masyarakat desa, ketidakamanan pangan dan air, meskipun lingkupnya terbatas karena gagal menyediakan dasar untuk benar-benar mengimplementasikan perubahan, kata Chazdon.<\/p>\n\n

\u201cSebuah kerangka kerja yang berjangkar di hutan dan prinsip-prinsip restorasi bentang alam akan membantu mengidentifikasi bagaimana praktik spesifik mewujudkan hasil berkelanjutan,\u201d tambahnya. \u201cKerangka praktis dan operasional dapat digunakan untuk menilai kemajuan menggunakan indikator yang mengukur kesesuaian dengan prinsip-prinsip inti, lebih dari fokus tunggal pada ukuran performa berbasis tujuan proyek.\u201d<\/p>\n

Berbagai kesulitan melingkupi upaya mencapai kesepakatan definisi bentang alam terdegradasi, pelaporan hasil, tata kelola, pembiayaan dan kurangnya kapasitas teknis dan alat pendukung keputusan. Faktor-faktor tersebut menjadi kendala potensial bagi efektivitas restorasi.<\/p>\n

Sebuah sistem yang seragam sulit dilaksanakan karena beragamnya kondisi dan konteks hutan dan bentang alam di mana restorasi harus diterapkan, kata Chazdon. Daripada sebuah pendekatan linear, kerangka konseptual yang berisi daftar progresif seharusnya bisa cocok dengan kriteria yang lebih cair atau disepakati secara situasional, dan bisa diterapkan pada lebih dari satu prinsip.<\/p>\n

Dalam model ini, enam prinsip utama restorasi hutan dan bentang alam bisa diadaptasi ke dalam kerangka kerja. Sekumpulan kriteria dan indikator yang diadaptasi ke dalam situasi lokal memungkinkan pengukuran kemajuan dan hasil intervensi yang akurat.<\/p>\n

\u201cPendekatan ini menunjukkan jalan bagi implementasi restorasi hutan dan bentang alam \u2013 kerangka kerja yang bermanfaat ketika proyek diluncurkan, meski tidak mungkin mencapai seluruh prinsip sekaligus, jadi perencana mencoba sebuah jalan \u2013 menentukan langkah awal terpenting dan mencoba menggabungkan berbagai aspek lain seiring waktu,\u201d kata Chazdon. \u201cHal ini juga mengembangkan teori perubahan \u2013 satu jalan untuk memetakan bagaimana intervensi tersebut bisa berlangsung seiring waktu dan bisa berjalan beriringan.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kerangka kerja yang disesuaikan secara spesifik juga mempertimbangkan kriteria dan indikator bagi keadilan distribusi manfaat ekonomi sebagai resolusi konflik dan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan.<\/p>\n

Melangkah maju secara efektif <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBanyak gagasan ini dikembangkan melalui Satuan Tugas Standarisasi Restorasi Hutan<\/a> (FLoRES),\u201d kata Manuel Guariguata, salah seorang penulis makalah dan ilmuwan utama Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR). \u201cKami berharap upaya ini akan terintegrasi ke dalam pengembangan agenda restorasi nasional dan internasional, yang bertumbuh sejalan dengan makin dekatnya Satu Dekade Restorasi Ekosistem PBB, membuka peluang untuk membalikkan deforestasi dan degradasi lingkungan, serta meningkatkan hidup dan penghidupan seluruh masyarakat.\u201d<\/p>\n\n

Restorasi hutan dan bentang alam dapat diterapkan dalam rentang konteks luas, ketika variasi diperlukan dan di mana variasi intervensi bentang alam berada. Mosaik bentang alam dapat membantu menyeimbangkan perbedaan kebutuhan sosial dan ekologi, seperti melindungi fragmen hutan melalui implementasi zona penyangga wanatani ramah iklim yang menyediakan barang dan jasa, serta menurunkan tekanan pada hasil hutan.<\/p>\n

Selanjutnya, kita perlu bekerja secara langsung dengan kelompok khusus untuk membantu mereka mengembangkan kerangka kerjanya,\u201d kata Chazdon. \u201cKita perlu melihat restorasi sebagai cara untuk mencapai beragam tujuan, daripada melihat restorasi itu sendiri sebagai target. Perubahan pola pikir ini penting.\u201d<\/p>\n

Meski restorasi sering dipandang dari perspektif besar \u2013 para peneliti memperkirakan bahwa total 2 miliar hektare lahan terdeforestasi dan terdegradasi di dunia tersedia untuk restorasi \u2013 dengan menghindari pendekatan tunggal.<\/p>\n

\u201cPerlu lebih dari sekadar meningkatkan tutupan hutan dan menanam pohon untuk menangkap karbon,\u201d kata Guariguata. \u201cPara aktor di semua level perlu terus mengingat bahwa restorasi hutan dan bentang alam adalah upaya jangka panjang. Sekaligus juga akan menjadi target bergerak beberapa tahun setelah implementasinya. Beradaptasi dan merespon perubahan menjadi esensial.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merealisasikan restorasi hutan dan bentang alam merupakan sebuah tantangan besar. Namun para peneliti yakin bahwa target restorasi ekosistem internasonal dapat dicapai jika desain program subnasional dan nasional ditransformasikan. Kriteria keberhasilan program ini meliputi penyusunan strategi restorasi yang fleksibel, menjamin partisipasi pemangku kepentingan lokal dalam perencanaan dan mempertimbangkan konteks keunikan bentang alam dalam pertimbangan. Demikian menurut […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":67281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[7332,7328],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[989],"class_list":["post-67280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-restorasi-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-restorasi-hutan","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMengembangkan inisiatif restorasi hutan dan bentang alam - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/67280\/mengembangkan-inisiatif-restorasi-hutan-dan-bentang-alam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mengembangkan inisiatif restorasi hutan dan bentang alam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Merealisasikan restorasi hutan dan bentang alam merupakan sebuah tantangan besar. 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