{"id":6701,"date":"2011-12-20T08:05:55","date_gmt":"2011-12-20T08:05:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=6701"},"modified":"2018-02-07T14:02:55","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T07:02:55","slug":"gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/6701\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli","title":{"rendered":"Gelombang deforestasi baru mengancam ketahanan iklim Afrika, menurut para ahli"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>DURBAN (4 Desember 2011)\u2014Gelombang deforestasi baru sedang menyapu Afrika, memusnahkan satwa liar dan mengancam ketahanan ekosistem untuk bertahan dari pengaruh perubahan iklim- khususnya di bidang ketahanan pangan, kata para ahli.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLaju deforestasi di Afrika\u2026terus meningkat,\u201d kata Helen Gichohi, Ketua <a href=\"http:\/\/www.awf.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">African Wildlife Foundation<\/a> dalam pidato utamanya pada acara <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestday.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Forest Day 5<\/a> di Durban yang dilangsungkan bersamaan dengan Konferensi Para Pihak (COP) 17. \u201cHutan yang terus menghilang, lahan penggembalaan semakin gundul, dan konversi padang rumput dan lahan basah, yang selama ini berfungsi menjadi suaka dari kekeringan, menjadi lahan pertanian telah menghancurkan ketahanan ekosistem ini.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Helen menghimbau agar dana REDD+ segera direalisasikan untuk menyelamatkan hutan di benua ini. REDD+ adalah singkatan dari <em>Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest degradation<\/em>, atau pengurangan emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan. Mekanisme ini sedang didiskusikan di perundingan iklim PBB di Durban, yang mungkin akan menyalurkan miliaran dolar kepada negara-negara berkembang untuk melindungi hutannya.<\/p>\n<p>Pesan Gichohi didukung oleh pembicara utama lainnya, Bob Scholes dari <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csir.co.za\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Council for Scientific and Industrial Research<\/a> (CSIR) di Afrika Selatan, yang mengatakan, \u201dgelombang deforestasi besar berikutnya sedang terjadi dan terjadi di Afrika.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika kita dapat melakukan sesuatu untuk mempengaruhi deforestasi, efeknya akan lebih besar daripada segala sesuatu yang telah dicapai selama ini melalui Protokol Kyoto,\u201d katanya. \u201cTantangan ini layak didukung oleh upaya kita.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Scholes menggambarkan pola khas dari deforestasi di Afrika sebagai berikut: para penebang masuk ke hutan, mereka menebang pohon-pohon besar dan mengambil kayu yang berharga, kemudian produsen arang mengambil sebagian besar sisa pohon yang tertinggal, dan kemudian masuklah pertanian dengan masukan dan keluaran yang rendah, yang setelah melewati beberapa siklus panen meninggalkan lahan tersebut dalam keadaan rusak dan tak bernilai.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHutan Afrika perlu segera dilindungi, tidak hanya karena dapat memperlambat perubahan iklim tetapi juga karena hutan merupakan pertahanan akhir dari proses penggurunan yang semakin meluas, mendukung produksi pertanian berkelanjutan, dan mendukung penghidupan puluhan juta penduduk miskin di pedalaman,\u201d kata Frances Seymour, Direktur Jenderal <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Center for International Forestry Research<\/a> (CIFOR).<\/p>\n<p>Dalam sambutan pembukaannya, <em>Tina<\/em> Joemat-Pettersson, Menteri Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan Afrika Selatan mengatakan, \u201cPerubahan iklim mengancam banyak tujuan pembangunan negara-negara Afrika dan negara berkembang lainnya di dunia, khususnya dalam bidang air, energi, kesehatan, pertanian dan kehutanan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Para ahli telah memperingatkan bahwa daerah Sahara di Afrika akan menjadi salah satu wilayah yang paling parah terkena dampak perubahan iklim. Benua ini telah dihantam serangkaian bencana terkait iklim, yang terakhir adalah bencana kelaparan yang dipicu kekeringan di Tanduk Besar Afrika. Para ahli mengatakan bahwa kerusakan hutan dan bentuk degradasi lahan lain yang disebabkan manusia telah mengubah banyak wilayah yang tadinya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan penggembalaan dan peternakan\/pertanian menjadi bentang alam yang tandus.<\/p>\n<p>Gichohi mengatakan bahwa 9 persen tutupan hutan di Sahara, Afrika, hilang antara tahun 1995 dan 2005, atau rata-rata laju deforestasi sebesar 40.000 km2 hutan per tahun. Sebagai contoh, Kenya telah kehilangan sebagian besar tutupan hutannya untuk pemukiman dan pertanian, sehingga hanya 1,7% wilayahnya yang masih berupa hutan .<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHutan tidak akan dapat dipertahankan jika penduduk lapar dan tata kelola sumber daya alam tidak memadai,\u201d kata Rachel Kite, Wakil Presiden untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di World Bank. \u201cRasa lapar menjadi beban langsung bagi hutan ketika masyarakat terpaksa masuk semakin dalam ke wilayah hutan untuk menanam\u2026 atau membuat dan menjual arang kayu untuk membeli makanan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dengan adanya ancaman menurunnya kondisi hutan pada kesehatan iklim dan kesejahteraan satu miliar penduduk miskin, konsorsium peneliti pertanian terbesar di dunia mengumumkan peluncuran program penelitian global yang ambisius untuk hutan dan agroforestri pada Forest Day 5. Program tersebut akan memiliki anggaran sebesar US$233 juta untuk tiga tahun pertama. Program penelitian CGIAR tentang hutan, pohon dan agroforestri bertujuan untuk membangkitkan kembali upaya-upaya untuk mengurangi deforestasi dan degradasi hutan serta memperluas penggunaan pohon untuk pertanian.<\/p>\n<p>Inisiatif ini mencakup fokus pada sangat pentingnya hutan sebagai \u201cpenyimpan karbon\u201d alami yang dapat membantu memperlambat laju perubahan iklim dan kebutuhan untuk melestarikan keanekaragaman hayati hutan. Para ahli CGIAR percaya bahwa pengelolaan hutan dan pohon yang lebih baik dapat berperan lebih besar untuk mengurangi resiko bagi petani skala kecil dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang tergantung pada hutan, khususnya wanita dan kelompok yang dikesampingkan lainnya.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Status terkini REDD+ dan hutan di COP 17<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Status negosiasi iklim saat ini, khususnya yang terkait REDD+, pelaksanaannya dan faktor-faktor pemicu deforestasi, menjadi perhatian utama diskusi di acara tersebut. Walaupun pertanian disebut sebagai salah satu pendorong deforestasi dalam rancangan teks REDD+ terbaru yang dibahas di UNFCCC, lebih banyak upaya perlu dilakukan untuk mengintegrasikan pertanian dan mitigasi hutan melalui \u201cpendekatan bentang alam\u201d terpadu.<\/p>\n<p>Meneruskan pesan almarhumah Wangari Maathai, wanita Afrika pertama yang dianugerahi penghargaan Nobel perdamaian dan aktivis lingkungan yang hebat, penyelenggara Forest Day 5 menayangkan sebuah video yang menantang masyarakat hutan global untuk bertindak dengan berani untuk mengurangi ancaman perubahan iklim.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMasyarakatlah yang harus menyelamatkan lingkungan. Masyarakatlah yang harus membuat pemimpinnya berubah. Kita harus mempertahankan apa yang kita yakini dan kita tidak bisa terintimidasi,\u201d kata Maathai dalam film yang ditayangkan tersebut.<\/p>\n<p>Tina Joemat-Pettersson, Menteri Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan negara Afrika Selatan South, menyampaikan kata sambutan pada saat pembukaan sesi pleno Forest Day 5.  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/CIFORVideo?feature=mhee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Untuk melihat video Forest Day 5, dapat dilihat di sini<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9npwhLf1ClE?rel=0\" width=\"535\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DURBAN (4 Desember 2011)\u2014Gelombang deforestasi baru sedang menyapu Afrika, memusnahkan satwa liar dan mengancam ketahanan ekosistem untuk bertahan dari pengaruh perubahan iklim- khususnya di bidang ketahanan pangan, kata para ahli. \u201cLaju deforestasi di Afrika\u2026terus meningkat,\u201d kata Helen Gichohi, Ketua African Wildlife Foundation dalam pidato utamanya pada acara Forest Day 5 di Durban yang dilangsungkan bersamaan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":31480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,182,161,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12245],"tag-bahasa":[3215,2874,2587,3216,2503,2451,3217,2522,2903,2461,3214,2526,2512,2659,2814,3218,2584,3220,3219],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3086],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[202],"class_list":["post-6701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-community-forestry","category-deforestation","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-africa","tag-bahasa-african-wildlife-foundation","tag-bahasa-bank-dunia","tag-bahasa-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-bob-scholes","tag-bahasa-cadangan-karbon","tag-bahasa-cop17","tag-bahasa-council-for-scientific-and-industrial-research","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-frances-seymour","tag-bahasa-hari-hutan-5","tag-bahasa-helen-gichohi","tag-bahasa-kekeringan","tag-bahasa-negosiasi-iklim","tag-bahasa-petani-kecil","tag-bahasa-protokol-kyoto","tag-bahasa-rachel-kyte","tag-bahasa-tata-guna-lahan","tag-bahasa-tina-joemat-pettersson","tag-bahasa-wangari-maathai","type-bahasa-peliputan-acara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gelombang deforestasi baru mengancam ketahanan iklim Afrika, menurut para ahli - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/6701\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gelombang deforestasi baru mengancam ketahanan iklim Afrika, menurut para ahli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"DURBAN (4 Desember 2011)\u2014Gelombang deforestasi baru sedang menyapu Afrika, memusnahkan satwa liar dan mengancam ketahanan ekosistem untuk bertahan dari pengaruh perubahan iklim- khususnya di bidang ketahanan pangan, kata para ahli. \u201cLaju deforestasi di Afrika\u2026terus meningkat,\u201d kata Helen Gichohi, Ketua African Wildlife Foundation dalam pidato utamanya pada acara Forest Day 5 di Durban yang dilangsungkan bersamaan [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/6701\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-12-20T08:05:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-02-07T07:02:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/refugee-camp-300x2251.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"225\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel Cooney\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daniel Cooney\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1429418730d427214ce0cc01acb51690\"},\"headline\":\"Gelombang deforestasi baru mengancam ketahanan iklim Afrika, menurut para ahli\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-12-20T08:05:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-02-07T07:02:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\"},\"wordCount\":826,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2011\\\/12\\\/refugee-camp-300x2251.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Climate change &amp; energy\",\"Community forestry\",\"Deforestation\",\"REDD+\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2011\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/6701\\\/gelombang-deforestasi-baru-mengancam-ketahanan-iklim-afrika-menurut-para-ahli\",\"name\":\"Gelombang deforestasi baru mengancam ketahanan iklim Afrika, menurut para ahli - 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formerly CIFOR's Senior Manager of Communications (2010-2015) - is passionate about finding new ways to leverage forestry research to influence global climate change policies. Daniel started his career as a reporter with The Associated Press, hopping all across Asia, press card in one hand, and laptop in the other. His last post was as the agency's correspondent in Afghanistan. He later joined the Asian Development Bank working on climate change. 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