{"id":669,"date":"2013-05-16T10:20:00","date_gmt":"2013-05-16T10:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/?p=669"},"modified":"2017-11-24T09:44:42","modified_gmt":"2017-11-24T02:44:42","slug":"dibalik-penyimpanan-karbon-hutan-lembah-kongo-sebagai-pembuat-hujan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/669\/dibalik-penyimpanan-karbon-hutan-lembah-kongo-sebagai-pembuat-hujan-2","title":{"rendered":"Dibalik penyimpanan karbon: Hutan Lembah Kongo sebagai pembuat hujan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Oleh <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/about-us\/cifor-scientific-staff-profiles\/detail-profile\/staff\/002676.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Denis J. Sonwa<\/a><br \/>\nPeneliti, <a href=\"\/\/cifor.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Center for International Forestry Research<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Respon terhadap perubahan iklim terkelompokan menjadi dua kategori utama: mitigasi (mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca penyebab perubahan iklim) dan adaptasi (penyelarasan kehidupan dan gaya hidup akibat perubahan iklim). Diantara strategi-strategi adaptasi, adaptasi berbasiskan ekosistem (<i>ecosystem-based adaptation<\/i>\/EBA) merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang mempromosikan cara-cara menggunakan sumber daya alam dan keanekaragaman hayati yang mengembangkan strategi adaptasi bagi kelompok-kelompok rentan. Dalam konteks ini, studi terbaru menyoroti peran hutan Lembah Kongo dalam menghasilkan hujan, baik secara regional maupun di tingkat benua secara keseluruhan.<\/p>\n<p>Hujan dalam suatu ekosistem berasal dari tiga sumber utama: kelembaban yang sudah ada di atmosfer, kelembaban yang berasal dari luar wilayah, dan evapotranspirasidari permukaan ekosistem hutan dan lahan. <a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00382-011-1242-7#page-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Pokam dkk<\/a>. mempelajari bagaimana iklim Lembah Kongo merupakan hasil utama kelembaban yang berasal dari Samudra Atlantik dan proses daur evapotranspirasi. <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/2770.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Penelitian sebelumnya<\/a> mengungkapkan bahwa hutan tropis seperti Lembah Kongo mampu menguapkan 1 sampai 2 meter air per tahun. Lebih lagi, penelitian oleh <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1476945X08000834\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Makarieva dkk<\/a>. menunjukkan bahwa tutupan hutan di wilayah tersebut berfungsi seperti pompa yang menggerakan kelembaban laut menuju daratan dan akhirnya menjadi hujan di wilayah itu.<\/p>\n<p>Mengingat peran hutan sebagai pembuat hujan ini, <a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/asl2.416\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Nogherotto dkk<\/a>. mengeksplorasi dampak penggundulan hutan di Lembah Kongo pada siklus hidrologi regional, termasuk efeknya terhadap musim hujan di Afrika. Mereka memodelkan skenario dimana wilayah hutan Lembah Kongo disandingkan dengan wilayah yang terdeforestasi (yakni dengan memodelkan sebuah situasi dimana tutupan hutan ditransformasikan menjadi tutupan rumput). Temuan mereka mengindikasikan bahwa wilayah Lembah Kongo yang terdeforestasi menyebabkan modifikasi pada pola hujan di wilayah Sahel dan wilayah khatulistiwa paling selatan Afrika.<\/p>\n<p>Secara keseluruhan, ketiga studi menunjukkan bagaimana hutan Lembah Kongo berfungsi sebagai mekanisme pemompa air dari Samudera Atlantik, sumber bawah tanah dan tanah. Sumber-sumber tersebut lalu bercampur dengan air di atmosfer, mengarah pada terbentuknya hujan baik skala lokal maupun  bagian benua. Tanpa adanya hutan yang luas di Lembah Kongo, proses ini akan sangat terganggu. Selain itu, studi ini membantu menyoroti fungsi penting lainnya dari hutan Lembah Kongo, misalnya, konservasi keanekaragaman hayati dan mitigasi perubahan iklim.<\/p>\n<p>Dengan berkembangnya bukti-bukti ilmiah mengenai peran jamak dari hutan Lembah Kongo di lingkup regional, kontinental dan global, maka konservasi hutan untuk tujuan pengelolaan hutan yang baik serta untuk mengundang aliran pendapatan yang mendukung peran jamak hutan menjadi semakin kuat. Mengingat peran hutan sebagai pembuat hujan, maka mempertahankan hutan Lembah Kongo merupakan salah satu dasar bagi EBA perihal perubahan iklim di banyak Afrika.<\/p>\n<table style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;background-color: #f9f9f9\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding-bottom: 0;padding-top: 15px\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\">\n<h2 style=\"color: #dd2829;font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;margin: 0pt 0pt 0px;padding-bottom: 0pt;font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif\">Catatan<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"fileadmin\/images\/polex\/atten.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"46\" height=\"47\" border=\"0\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding-bottom: 20px\">\n<p style=\"font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;font-size: 13px;color: #303030;line-height: 18px;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 15px;padding-bottom: 0\">Ini adalah POLEX terakhir yang akan didistribusikan melalui email. Artikel POLEX mendatang akan diterbitkan online pada <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/category\/Polex\/\">forestsnews.cifor.org\/POLEX<\/a>. Anda juga dapat berlangganan blog <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/mediamultimedia\/rss.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">RSS feed<\/a> Berita Hutan kami untuk tetap menerima berita terbaru. Terimakasih atas kesetiaan anda membaca!<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1476945X08000834\" target=\"_blank\">Makarieva A.M., Gorshkov V.G. dan Li B.L. 2009. Precipitation on land versus distance from the ocean: Evidence for a forest pump of atmospheric moisture. <em>Ecological Complexity<\/em> 6:302-307.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/asl2.416\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">Nogherotto R., Coppola E., Giorgi F. dan Mariotti L. 2013. Impact of Congo Basin  deforestation on the African monsoon. <em>Atmospheric  Science Letters<\/em> 14(1):45-51.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00382-011-1242-7#page-1\" target=\"_blank\">Pokam W.M., Tchotchou Djiotang L.A. dan Mkankam F.K. 2012. Atmospheric water vapor  transport and recycling in Equatorial Central Africa through NCEP\/NCAR  reanalysis data. <em>Climate Dynamics<\/em> 38(9-10):1715-1729.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/2770.html\" target=\"_blank\">Sheil D., Murdiyarso D. 2009. How forests attract  rain: an examination of a new hypothesis. <em>Bioscience<\/em> 59:341-47.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":36747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12219],"tag-bahasa":[2476,2533,2503,2708,2522,2895,2640,2604],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[208],"class_list":["post-669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-congo-basin","tag-bahasa-adaptasi","tag-bahasa-adaptasi-berbasiskan-ekosistem","tag-bahasa-cadangan-karbon","tag-bahasa-cekungan-kongo","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-denis-sonwa","tag-bahasa-hujan","tag-bahasa-mitigasi","type-bahasa-analisis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dibalik penyimpanan karbon: Hutan Lembah Kongo sebagai pembuat hujan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/669\/dibalik-penyimpanan-karbon-hutan-lembah-kongo-sebagai-pembuat-hujan-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dibalik penyimpanan karbon: Hutan Lembah Kongo sebagai pembuat hujan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Makarieva A.M., Gorshkov V.G. dan Li B.L. 2009. Precipitation on land versus distance from the ocean: Evidence for a forest pump of atmospheric moisture. Ecological Complexity 6:302-307.             Nogherotto R., Coppola E., Giorgi F. dan Mariotti L. 2013. Impact of Congo Basin deforestation on the African monsoon. Atmospheric Science Letters 14(1):45-51.              Pokam W.M., Tchotchou Djiotang L.A. dan Mkankam F.K. 2012. Atmospheric water vapor transport and recycling in Equatorial Central Africa through NCEP\/NCAR reanalysis data. Climate Dynamics 38(9-10):1715-1729.              Sheil D., Murdiyarso D. 2009. How forests attract rain: an examination of a new hypothesis. 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