{"id":64901,"date":"2020-03-31T17:13:25","date_gmt":"2020-03-31T10:13:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=64901"},"modified":"2020-03-31T17:15:32","modified_gmt":"2020-03-31T10:15:32","slug":"regenerasi-alami-hutan-pilihan-baik-bagi-keanekaragaman-hayati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/64901\/regenerasi-alami-hutan-pilihan-baik-bagi-keanekaragaman-hayati","title":{"rendered":"Regenerasi alami: Pilihan baik bagi keanekaragaman hayati"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Penemuan mengejutkan dari hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Belum banyak diketahui jika Darien Panama, salah satu wilayah hutan tropis Amazon sebenarnya adalah hasil regenerasi hutan alami yang berlangsung ratusan tahun. Banyak proses regenerasi hutan terjadi di Amerika ketika suku Indian, pada sekitar masa kolonial Eropa, meninggalkan ladang pertanian mereka sekaligus mengurangi aktivitas pertaniannya, sementara pada saat yang sama, kebutuhan akan pembukaan lahan pada masa awal kolonial juga tidak terlalu signifikan.<\/p>\n<p>Hal ini sejalan dengan salah satu pesan kunci <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/observances\/forests-and-trees-day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Hari Hutan Internasional<\/a> 2020 yaitu hutan dapat dipulihkan.<\/p>\n<p>Tetapi kondisi ini mungkin juga tidak sepenuhnya benar terjadi, terutama saat laju deforestasi dan degradasi hutan tidak berkurang dan erosi tanah masih terus terjadi. Banyak negara yang telah berkomitmen memulihkan jutaan hektar lahan kritis sebagai bagian dari <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bonnchallenge.org\/content\/challenge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Tantangan Bonn<\/a> yaitu suatu upaya global memulihkan 350 juta hektar lahan sampai 2030,  diwilayahnya masih menunjukkan laju deforestasi tinggi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jadi, bagaimana sebaiknya restorasi hutan mendukung keanekaragaman hayati di abad 21 ini?<\/p>\n<p>Hutan yang pulih secara alami atau &#8220;pasif&#8221;, tentu saja memiliki kemampuan lebih baik dalam mengembalikan keanekaragaman hayati daripada penanaman kembali secara monokultur. Namun proses ini berjalan dengan lambat. Diperlukan proses regenerasi selama ratusan tahun sebelum jumlah spesies asli kembali tumbuh. Perubahan iklim, fragmentasi habitat, hilangnya hewan penyebar benih dan kebakaran hutan, secara bersamaan dapat memperlambat proses pemulihan keanekaragaman hayati ini. Seharusnya hal-hal ini tidak mencegah kita dari upaya pemulihan hutan melindungi keanekaragaman hayati.<\/p>\n<p>Menurut hasil studi terbaru mengandalkan regenerasi hutan alami mungkin membutuhkan lebih sedikit biaya serta lebih dapat diterima secara sosial, dibandingkan pemulihan kondisi hutan dengan skema penanaman ulang. Hal-hal penting yang harus dicermati adalah membuat keputusan tepat dan hemat biaya termasuk prediksi wilayah restorasi pasif hutan akan terjadi, dan bagaimana proses ini dapat bertahan. Elemen penting lainnya yaitu mengetahui seberapa banyak keanekaragaman hayati yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia dan alam selama proses regenerasi hutan berlangsung yaitu sebagai penyedia jasa-jasa penting lingkungan seperti penyerbukan serangga, pengaturan air, erosi dan pengendalian hama.<\/p>\n<p>Perencanaan dalam upaya restorasi hutan dan pemulihan keanekaragaman hayati juga perlu mempertimbangkan dampak terhadap mata pencaharian lokal. Sebagai contoh, kelembaban hutan tropis Amazon berperan penting dalam keberlangsungan pertanian di Brasil, sehingga harus dilakukan langkah penyesuaian yaitu guna mencapai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.org\/news\/secretariat\/201612\/brazil-restore-12-million-hectares-forests-under-bonn-challenge-biodiversity-and-climate-benefits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">target nasional<\/a> Brasil sekaligus memulihkan 12 juta hektar lahan kritis pada 2030 maka prioritas restorasi dilaksanakan di wilayah Amazonia selatan dan timur.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: 'PT Serif',serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Pemulihan keanekaragaman hayati hutan secara perlahan terjadi di beberapa lokasi di seluruh Amerika Latin melalui proses regenerasi hutan alami di dekade ini, dan proses ini mencakup tidak kurang dari 2 juta hektar lahan \u2014 termasuk bagian tropis pegunungan Andes. Regenerasi alami di daerah pegunungan ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi daerah aliran sungai yang terkena dampak deforestasi.<\/p>\n<p>Dengan keterbatasan dana dan pola pikir jangka pendek dalam proyek restorasi, saat ini dunia memerlukan upaya regenerasi hutan alami dan buatan untuk mempercepat pemulihan keanekaragaman hayati hutan \u2014 atau campuran dari keduanya dalam beberapa kasus. Dengan perbedaan kondisi lokal maka dalam upaya restorasi juga diperlukan penyesuaian pendekatan seperti perubahan tujuan oleh pemangku kepentingan, hukum, legislatif, serta siklus alam seperti kebakaran dan kekeringan. Kemunduran juga dapat terjadi akibat kurangnya akses terhadap pengetahuan teknis, terutama bagi negara-negara berkembang.<\/p>\n<p>Meskipun terdapat rintangan, upaya dalam melindungi dan meningkatkan keanekaragaman hayati melalui restorasi hutan, serta mempertahankan nilai-nilai hutan lainnya adalah tantangan yang harus kita hadapi. Restorasi hutan dapat memulihkan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, namun hal itu membutuhkan pengambilan keputusan dan kecermatan penentuan prioritas. Dan yang paling penting guna mengembalikan keanekaragaman hayati hutan secara efektif, kita perlu melestarikan hutan tropis tersisa dengan segala cara.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: 'PT Serif',serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Penemuan mengejutkan dari hutan. Belum banyak diketahui jika Darien Panama, salah satu wilayah hutan tropis Amazon sebenarnya adalah hasil regenerasi hutan alami yang berlangsung ratusan tahun. Banyak proses regenerasi hutan terjadi di Amerika ketika suku Indian, pada sekitar masa kolonial Eropa, meninggalkan ladang pertanian mereka sekaligus mengurangi aktivitas pertaniannya, sementara pada saat yang sama, kebutuhan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":64903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[7607,7328],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[8518],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[198],"class_list":["post-64901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-hutan-tropis","tag-bahasa-restorasi-hutan","type-bahasa-opini"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Regenerasi alami: Pilihan baik bagi keanekaragaman hayati - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/64901\/regenerasi-alami-hutan-pilihan-baik-bagi-keanekaragaman-hayati\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Regenerasi alami: Pilihan baik bagi keanekaragaman hayati\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Penemuan mengejutkan dari hutan. Belum banyak diketahui jika Darien Panama, salah satu wilayah hutan tropis Amazon sebenarnya adalah hasil regenerasi hutan alami yang berlangsung ratusan tahun. Banyak proses regenerasi hutan terjadi di Amerika ketika suku Indian, pada sekitar masa kolonial Eropa, meninggalkan ladang pertanian mereka sekaligus mengurangi aktivitas pertaniannya, sementara pada saat yang sama, kebutuhan [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/64901\/regenerasi-alami-hutan-pilihan-baik-bagi-keanekaragaman-hayati\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-31T10:13:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-03-31T10:15:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/41042608621_8b770390bb_k.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Manuel R. 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