{"id":6291,"date":"2011-12-12T10:03:30","date_gmt":"2011-12-12T10:03:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=6291"},"modified":"2018-02-07T15:24:46","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T08:24:46","slug":"redd-meraih-sukses-terbesar-dalam-perundingan-perubahan-iklim-ungkap-norwegia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/6291\/redd-meraih-sukses-terbesar-dalam-perundingan-perubahan-iklim-ungkap-norwegia","title":{"rendered":"REDD+ adalah sukses terbesar perundingan perubahan iklim, ungkap Norwegia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\">DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (12 Desember, 2011)_Menteri lingkungan hidup dan pembangunan internasional Norwegia mengatakan, sejauh ini REDD+ adalah sukses terbesar dalam negosiasi perubahan iklim global, namun ia juga menghimbau supaya negara-negara berusaha \u201clebih berani\u201d memangkas emisi dan memperlambat pemanasan global.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cPembelajaran utama yaitu\u2026.(pengurangan deforestasi) secara realistis hanya berhasil bila pemerintah negara-negara berkembang yang mendorongnya, dan pembayaran harus berbasis hasil,\u201d demikian dikatakan oleh Erik Solheim di sela-sela acara perundingan tingkat tinggi iklim PBB di Durban, Afrika Selatan. \u201cPemerintah adalah pendorong utama. Sektor swasta harus dilibatkan, tetapi tanpa peran pemerintah, tak ada sesuatupun yang dapat terwujud.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Norwegia telah mengalokasikan pendanaan bilateral dan multilateral sejumlah US$2,8 miliar untuk REDD+ (pengurangan emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan), menurut <a href=\"http:\/\/www.odi.org.uk\/resources\/details.asp?id=6152&amp;title=redd-finance-delivery-lessons-early-experience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">laporan<\/a> Overseas Development Institute (ODI) dan Heinrich Boll Stiftung yang diterbitkan pada bulan November 2011. Kontribusi Norwegia disalurkan melalui dana multilateral seperti Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (CPF) dan juga dalam kerja sama bilateral, terutama dengan Brasil, Indonesia dan Guyana.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Solheim, satu-satunya menteri yang memiliki portfolio yang menggabungkan lingkungan dan pembangunan internasional, menyerukan kepada negara-negara maju untuk \u201clebih mampu untuk mengambil resiko dan lebih berani\u201d dalam merancang strategi pembangunan. Ia percaya bahwa cara baru untuk memberikan bantuan luar negeri adalah memberikan setir kepada pemerintah negara-negara berkembang dan memberikan kompensasi berbasis hasil, tanpa melakukan banyak intervensi terhadap penggunaan dana tersebut.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Pendekatan baru ini menuai banyak kritikan. Guyana, misalnya, berencana menggunakan sebagian dana iklim dari Norwegia untuk membangun bendungan hidroelektrik <a href=\"http:\/\/www.environmental-finance.com\/news\/view\/1642\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">165 megawatt<\/a>, yang diperkirakan akan merendam 4.500 hektar hutan, sehingga menimbulkan banyak protes. Menanggapi hal ini, Solheim berpendapat bahwa bendungan tersebut akan memungkinkan negara Amerika Latin tersebut menghapus penggunaan generator bahan bakar minyak, sehingga pada akhirnya mengurangi emisi secara netto. Selama masih dalam parameter yang wajar, \u201cpemerintah Guyana yang berhak untuk memutuskan penggunaan dana tersebut,\u201d katanya lebih lanjut.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cLepas tangan bisa berarti baik atau buruk,\u201d pendapat dari Smitha Nakhooda, peneliti rekanan ODI dan penulis pendamping ringkasan kebijakan <em>REDD+ Finance Delivery: Lessons from Early Experience<\/em>. Campur tangan yang minimum, dikombinasikan dengan investasi dalam mengembangkan kerangka kerja lembaga nasional, dapat  mendukung munculnya agenda nasional yang kuat, yang kemungkinan besar akan  memberikan manfaat sosial dan lingkungan, ujarnya. \u201cIni akan terjadi di beberapa negara dan belum tentu di negara-negara lain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.regjeringen.no\/upload\/MD\/2011\/vedlegg\/klima\/klima_skogprosjektet\/Evalueringsrapportene\/Report_12_2010_Global_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Norwegia<\/a> telah memimpin dukungan perlindungan hutan bagi negara-negara berkembang sejak tahun 2007, dengan memberikan komitmen dana mencapai NOK 3 miliar (US$500 juta) per tahun untuk skema REDD+. Contoh komitmen finansial dari Norwegia \u201cpenting bagi negara-negara pemilik hutan untuk memobilisasi dan mempertahankan kemauan politik dan kapasitas negara supaya kegiatan-kegiatan REDD+ dapat berada di atas prioritas nasional lainnya,\u201d menurut ringkasan kebijakan ODI tersebut. Laporan ini juga merekomendasikan negara-negara maju untuk \u201cberkomitmen menyediakan dukungan finansial yang signifikan dan berkelanjutan kepada negara-negara pemilik hutan yang telah bergerak cepat.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; Dengan liputan tambahan oleh Michelle Kovacevic<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (12 Desember, 2011)_Menteri lingkungan hidup dan pembangunan internasional Norwegia mengatakan, sejauh ini REDD+ adalah sukses terbesar dalam negosiasi perubahan iklim global, namun ia juga menghimbau supaya negara-negara berusaha \u201clebih berani\u201d memangkas emisi dan memperlambat pemanasan global. \u201cPembelajaran utama yaitu\u2026.(pengurangan deforestasi) secara realistis hanya berhasil bila pemerintah negara-negara berkembang yang mendorongnya, dan pembayaran [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":38787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[151,184],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12307],"tag-bahasa":[2451,5242,2547,2512,2737,5268,2819,5267],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3086],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[205],"class_list":["post-6291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-redd-2","category-value-chains-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-south-africa","tag-bahasa-cop17","tag-bahasa-erik-solheim","tag-bahasa-keuangan","tag-bahasa-negosiasi-iklim","tag-bahasa-norwegia","tag-bahasa-overseas-development-institute","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-smitha-nakhooda","type-bahasa-peliputan-acara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - 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