{"id":5996,"date":"2011-12-07T10:08:53","date_gmt":"2011-12-07T10:08:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=5996"},"modified":"2018-02-07T14:03:03","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T07:03:03","slug":"hutan-tak-akan-bertahan-bila-manusia-lapar-besar-kemungkinan-isu-pertanian-masuk-di-perundingan-perubahan-iklim-di-masa-depan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/5996\/hutan-tak-akan-bertahan-bila-manusia-lapar-besar-kemungkinan-isu-pertanian-masuk-di-perundingan-perubahan-iklim-di-masa-depan","title":{"rendered":"\u201cHutan tak akan bertahan bila manusia lapar\u201d: besar kemungkinan isu pertanian masuk di perundingan perubahan iklim di masa depan"},"content":{"rendered":"

DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (6 Desember, 2011)_Isu pertanian besar kemungkinan akan masuk dalam perundingan pemanasan global di masa depan sebagai bantuan menghadapi laju kebutuhan lahan pertanian, salah satu faktor pemicu utama deforestasi, demikian diungkapkan oleh para ahli yang hadir di perundingan perubahan iklim PBB di Durban.<\/p>\n

Menteri Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan Afrika Selatan, Tina Joemat-Pettersson dikatakan \u201cakan menyampaikan surat kepada para negosiator COP 17\u201d, kata Rachel Kyte, Wakil Presiden Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Bank Dunia di acara Forest Day 5<\/a>, yang diselenggarakan bertepatan dengan minggu terakhir dilaksanakannya perundingan tingkat tinggi iklim PBB di Durban. Ia meminta para negosiator untuk menyetujui \u201ctitik minimum\u201d, pembuatan program kerja pertanian di bawah SBTSTA, yang tanpa hal itu tidak akan dicapai suatu kesepakatan\u201d. SBSTA adalah sub komite ilmiah di UNFCCC.<\/p>\n

Rancangan teks SBSTA menyebutkan faktor-faktor pemicu deforestasi, kata La Vi\u00f1a pada acara Forest Day 5<\/a>. Sub komite sepakat untuk menunda diskusi dan menambah agenda pertanian di COP tahun depan di Qatar, lanjutnya.<\/p>\n

Saat ini, hutan di seluruh dunia mengalami peningkatan tekanan seiring laju populasi global, yang diperkirakan akan mencapai 9 milyar di tahun 2050, dan berakibat pada laju perluasan lahan untuk produksi pangan. Hutan adalah jaringan pengaman penting guna mencegah kelaparan bila terjadi tekanan dari ekonomi dan iklim, namun kemampuan ini terancam karena intensitas praktek-praktek pertanian seperti budidaya tanaman pangan, tingginya kebutuhan energi, erosi tanah serta penipisan nutrisi tanah.<\/p>\n

Praktek-praktek manajemen lahan yang tidak lestari turut berkontribusi terhadap perluasan gurun di wilayah Sahara Afrika, terjadinya wabah kelaparan di wilayah semenanjung Afrika serta mengancam hilangnya dry forests<\/em> yang masih tersisa di wilayah tersebut.<\/p>\n

\u201cHutan tak akan bertahan jika manusia lapar,\u201d kata Kyte. \u201cKelaparan menjadi beban langsung saat penduduk terpaksa masuk jauh ke dalam hutan untuk berkebun. Dan saat kelaparan dan kemiskinan tak teratasi, penduduk akan berusaha lain untuk membeli makanan seperti berjual beli arang kayu, yang berdampak pada kecepatan alami regenerasi hutan.<\/p>\n

Laporan FAO terbaru<\/a> mengidentifikasi sejumlah tantangan berat untuk menyeimbangkan persaingan tekanan-tekanan di sistem pangan global dan menghimbau adanya suatu pendekatan terpadu bagi ketahanan pangan yang berfokus pada \u201cbertani cerdas iklim\u201d. Tapi hal ini tidak dapat tercapai tanpa hutan, demikian pendapat dari Frances Seymour, Direktur Jenderal Center of International Forestry Research (CIFOR).<\/p>\n

\u201cHal penting yang seringkali kurang dihargai yaitu peran hutan dalam penyediaan jasa lingkungan sebagai penopang pokok pertanian\u2013 jasa penyedia air, jasa penyerbukan, yang gratis tersedia di hutan. Sehingga dengan makin besarnya perhatian akan pertanian dan ketahanan pangan, maka hutan akan menjadi bagian dari gambaran tersebut,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\n

Penurunan daya adaptasi perubahan iklim dari penduduk dan satwa liar muncul akibat hutan luas hilang, demikian dikatakan oleh konsorsium peneliti pertanian terbesar di dunia pada saat peluncuran program penelitian global untuk hutan dan agroforestri (wana tani). Dengan dana sejumlah US$233 juta, program penelitian CGIAR \u2018Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry<\/em><\/a> ini bertujuan untuk membantu negara-negara memperluas fokus mereka, dari hutan tropis lebat ke campuran bentang alam hutan pertanian dimana pelibatan kontak antara manusia dan pohon lebih besar.<\/p>\n

\u201cKita menyebutnya sebagai tiga kemenangan: mitigasi perubahan iklim dengan membangun ketahanan pertanian dan sistem hutan sambil meningkatnya hasil serta pendapatan. Petani telah memahami bahwa menanam pepohonan di lahan pertanian dapat membantu menggemukkan ternak mereka, menangkal dampak angin keras, dan memperbaiki kondisi tanah,\u201d ujar Kyte.<\/p>\n

\u201cKemudian dalam beberapa tahun pohon-pohon dapat menyediakan kayu bakar untuk keperluan rumah tangga atau untuk dijual. Tugas kami adalah mendukung kebijakan-kebijakan di tingkat nasional dan internasional guna mendorong praktik-praktik tersebut, berdasar pada ilmu pengetahuan baik dan logis.\u201d<\/p>\n

Inisiatif mitigasi dan adaptasi, terutama dalam hal hutan dan pertanian hanya akan sukses jika keduanya berpihak kepada penduduk miskin, tambah Kyte.<\/p>\n

\u201cKita dapat mencoba memagari hutan atau melarang (perdagangan) arang, namun bila masalah akses lahan, produktifitas budidaya pertanian, kemampuan membayar energi dan kemiskinan ekstrim tidak terselesaikan, upaya-upaya terbaik kita hanya sia-sia saja.\u201d<\/p>\n

Komunitas iklim dunia harus mengusulkan solusi laik dan terpadu yang cocok bagi masyarakat di lapangan, katanya. Jika masyarakat tidak mendapatkan manfaat dari perlindungan daerah aliran sungai, atau meningkatnya produksi pertanian, memiliki pendapatan yang lebih tinggi, atau dapat hidup dengan ketahanan iklim yang lebih besar, maka rencana karbon yang telah dipersiapkan paling baikpun dapat gagal.<\/p>\n

\u201cKita perlu bertindak sekarang, dan jika kita bertindak tegas, kita dapat membalikkan siklus setan dan mulai berinvestasi dalam program restorasi bentang alam serta program pengentasan kemiskinan yang dapat mengantar kita memperoleh ketiga kemenangan tersebut.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (6 Desember, 2011)_Isu pertanian besar kemungkinan akan masuk dalam perundingan pemanasan global di masa depan sebagai bantuan menghadapi laju kebutuhan lahan pertanian, salah satu faktor pemicu utama deforestasi, demikian diungkapkan oleh para ahli yang hadir di perundingan perubahan iklim PBB di Durban. Menteri Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan Afrika Selatan, Tina Joemat-Pettersson dikatakan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":38772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,182,161,188,95,180,186],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12307],"tag-bahasa":[2476,2481,2451,2903,2461,2542,2550,2520,2604,2512,2525,3218,2584,4807],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3086],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[199],"class_list":["post-5996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-community-forestry","category-deforestation","category-food-and-diets","category-human-wellbeing","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-production-forests","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-south-africa","tag-bahasa-adaptasi","tag-bahasa-agroforestri","tag-bahasa-cop17","tag-bahasa-frances-seymour","tag-bahasa-hari-hutan-5","tag-bahasa-jasa-lingkungan","tag-bahasa-ketahanan-pangan","tag-bahasa-konservasi","tag-bahasa-mitigasi","tag-bahasa-negosiasi-iklim","tag-bahasa-pemicu-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-rachel-kyte","tag-bahasa-tata-guna-lahan","tag-bahasa-tony-la-vina","type-bahasa-peliputan-acara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cHutan tak akan bertahan bila manusia lapar\u201d: besar kemungkinan isu pertanian masuk di perundingan perubahan iklim di masa depan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/5996\/hutan-tak-akan-bertahan-bila-manusia-lapar-besar-kemungkinan-isu-pertanian-masuk-di-perundingan-perubahan-iklim-di-masa-depan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cHutan tak akan bertahan bila manusia lapar\u201d: besar kemungkinan isu pertanian masuk di perundingan perubahan iklim di masa depan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (6 Desember, 2011)_Isu pertanian besar kemungkinan akan masuk dalam perundingan pemanasan global di masa depan sebagai bantuan menghadapi laju kebutuhan lahan pertanian, salah satu faktor pemicu utama deforestasi, demikian diungkapkan oleh para ahli yang hadir di perundingan perubahan iklim PBB di Durban. 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