{"id":564,"date":"2002-12-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2002-12-12T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/?p=564"},"modified":"2015-10-07T15:54:16","modified_gmt":"2015-10-07T08:54:16","slug":"manfaat-karbon-bagi-pedesaan-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/564\/manfaat-karbon-bagi-pedesaan-india","title":{"rendered":"Manfaat Karbon bagi pedesaan India"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tidak banyak orang pernah mendengar tentang Harda, suatu tempat di India bagian tengah. Sekitar setengah juta penduduknya hidup dari dari menanam kedelai, jagung, padi, dan millet di musim semi, dan gandum di musim gugur. Keluarga yang tidak memiliki lahan mengumpulkan dan menjual daun tendu liar. Sebagian besar desa-desa di wilayah tersebut memiliki sekolah, tetapi di banyak desa belum ada pelayanan kesehatan maupun listrik. Perjalanan umumnya masih dengan berjalan kaki, menggunakan pedati atau sepeda.<\/p>\n<p>Pada pandangan pertama, tampaknya kehidupan sehari hari di Harda tidak ada sangkut pautnya dengan pengembangan pasar karbon untuk membantu mencegah pemanasan global. Akan tetapi dalam satu laporan baru, terungkap bahwa pasar karbon dapat berbuat banyak untuk Harda.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCommunities and Climate Change: The Clean Development Mechanism and Village-Based Forest Restoration in Central India\u201d, laporan terbaru dari M. Poffenberger, N.H. Ravindranath, D.N. Pandey, I.K. Murthy, R. Bist, dan D. Jain; mengkaji dampak kehutanan untuk menghasilkan karbon di Harda dan menyimpulkan bahwa karbon dapat menjadi alternatif ekonomi yang menarik.<\/p>\n<p>Beberapa desa sudah memulai memperbaiki hutan mereka dengan mencegah kebakaran, mengendalikan penggembalaan ternak, dan melakukan patroli terhadap para pembalak liar sebagai bagian dari program pengelolaan hutan bersama pemerintah (Joint Forest Management, JFM). Namun demikian, program JFM tidak dapat mendanai semua desa yang ingin berpartisipasi dan tidak seorangpun tahu apa yang akan terjadi bila pendanaan proyek berakhir. Pasar karbon dapat menjadi salah satu cara untuk melibatkan lebih banyak desa dalam menyediakan dana tetap bagi desa desa tersebut.<\/p>\n<p>Para penulis memperkirakan bahwa tiap hektar hutan kering campuran yang dibiarkan tumbuh oleh penduduk pedesaan di Harda dapat mengikat 3.4 ton karbon setiap tahun. Wilayah tersebut memiliki 11,000 hektar lahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan penduduk untuk perluasan kegiatan itu. Dengan harga $10 per ton mereka memperoleh uang sebanyak $375,. Sekitar 30% dari jumlah tersebut diperlukan untuk penyediaan bantuan teknis, membantu mengorganisir peserta , dan memonitor semua kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung di lapangan. Uang tersebut akan diperuntukkan dewan perlindungan hutan setempat (Forest Protection Committees) dan dewan kehutanan desa (Village Forestry Commitees), departemen kehutanan dan peneliti. 70% sisanya dapat diperuntukkan untuk mendanai kegiatan yang secara langsung bermanfaat bagi penduduk desa itu sendiri.<\/p>\n<p>Laporan tersebut menjelaskan secara tepat bagaimana semua ini dapat dilaksanakan dan bagaimana memenuhi persyaratan persyaratan utama proyek karbon kehutanan dibawah Clean Development Mechanism dari konvensi perubahan iklim Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa. Usaha ni berpotensi menjadi alternatif yang dapat sangat menguntungkan bagi sekitar 100 juta penduduk yang bermukim di dalam dan di sekitar lahan hutan negara di India, dan bagi 67 juta hektar lahan rusak di negara tersebut. Sayang sekali tidak banyak orang yang duduk mengelilingi meja perundingan perubahan iklim internasional memikirkan tentang apa yang sebetulnya dibutuhkan oleh tempat tempat seperti Harda.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apabila anda ingin memperoleh salinan elektronik gratis dari laporan ini dalam format Word atau pdf, anda dapat menghubungi Kate Smith Hannsen di mailto:k8smith@aol.com<\/p>\n<p>Untuk mengirimkan komentar atau pertanyaan pertanyaan lebih jauh kepada para penulis, anda dapat menyurati Mark Poffenberger di: mailto:Mpoffen@aol.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":35311,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12280],"tag-bahasa":[2720,2516,2520,3033,2591,2501],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[4903],"class_list":["post-564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-india","tag-bahasa-india","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-konservasi","tag-bahasa-mekanisme-pembangunan-bersih","tag-bahasa-partisipasi-lokal","tag-bahasa-pasar-karbon","type-bahasa-analisis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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