{"id":5572,"date":"2011-12-02T11:50:58","date_gmt":"2011-12-02T11:50:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=5572"},"modified":"2018-02-07T15:29:21","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T08:29:21","slug":"negara-negara-pemilik-hutan-memerlukan-jaminan-investasi-masif-redd-akan-terbayarkan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/5572\/negara-negara-pemilik-hutan-memerlukan-jaminan-investasi-masif-redd-akan-terbayarkan","title":{"rendered":"Negara-negara pemilik hutan memerlukan jaminan \u201cinvestasi masif\u201d REDD+ akan terbayarkan"},"content":{"rendered":"

DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (1 Desember 2011)_Negara-negara maju harus berkomitmen terhadap pembiayaan iklim jangka panjang dan mendorong jalur pendanaan majemuk untuk menjamin negara-negara pemilik hutan akan \u201cinvestasi masif\u201d yang dilakukan untuk REDD+ dapat terbayar.<\/p>\n

\u201cREDD merupakan investasi masif bagi negara-negara berkembang, dan mereka memerlukan jaminan bahwa REDD adalah jalur tepat untuk diambil, jika mereka tidak mau mendapatkan sedikit insentif guna membangun program tersebut di tingkat nasional,\u201d kata Kristy Graham, peneliti di Overseas Development Institute (ODI) dan koordinator di REDD.Net, di sela-sela acara UN Climate Summit di Durban.<\/p>\n

\u201cNamun kita juga memerlukan jaminan pembiayaan untuk memastikan pendanaan-pendanaan yang lain, contohnya, dari sektor swasta, yang dapat mengurangi titik kemacetan pendanaan serta membantu negara-negara maju bergerak dalam pelaksanaan REDD, mulai dari tahapan persiapan hingga ke tahap berikutnya,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\n

Negara-negara berkembang sudah maju pesat dalam persiapan REDD+, termasuk membuat rancangan peraturan dan membangun lembaga-lembaga pendukung.<\/p>\n

Para delegasi dari negara-negara pemilik hutan saat ini sedang berharap adanya hasil mengenai pembiayaan iklim dari Durban, mencakup sebuah keputusan tentang struktur dan tata kelola dari Green Climate Fund (GCF), dan berharap dana sebesar 100 milyar dolar Amerika dapat mengalir dari negara-negara maju pertahun mulai dari tahun 2020 untuk kegiatan mitigasi dan adaptasi.<\/p>\n

Saat ini REDD (skema pengurangan emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan) \u2013 yaitu mekanisme yang dirancang untuk memberikan kompensasi bagi negara-negara kaya hutan pemilik simpanan karbon hutan\u2013 sebagian besar masih dibiayai oleh publik melalui kemitraan multilateral dan bilateral. Namun, penyaluran dana bagi negara-negara yang sedang mempersiapkan program REDD berjalan sangat lambat, dapat menimbulkan keresahan bahwa negara-negara kaya hutan akan menjadi frustasi dengan skema iklim ini.<\/p>\n

Menurut laporan terbaru ODI<\/a>, untuk dapat mengakses proposal dana hibah untuk persiapan sebesar 200.000 dolar Amerika dalam bentuk Forest Carbon Partnership Facility Readiness Fund (FCPFRF), negara-negara berkembang mengeluhkan birokrasi rumit serta lamanya prosedur pencairan dana Bukan saja karena jumlah dana yang dinilai relatif kecil, namun jumlah yang telah ditetapkan diberikan tanpa mempertimbangkan keadaan di setiap negara penerima.<\/p>\n

Alasan lain terjadinya penundaan, ujar Graham, yaitu memastikan negara-negara tersebut memenuhi perlindungan lingkungan dan pembangunan guna efektifitas penyaluran dana.<\/p>\n

\u201cHal ini adalah dilema terbesar: bagaimana menyeimbangkan kebutuhan negara-negara pemilik hutan untuk memenuhi syarat perlindungan, namun belum cepat menyalurkan dananya, serta tetap fleksibel agar mereka tetap merasa memiliki proyek-proyek tersebut?\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n

Estimasi dana sejumlah 7.2 milyar dolar Amerika telah dialokasikan untuk REDD+ sejak tahun 2008, dan sejumlah 4,5 milyar dolar Amerika telah ditetapkan sebagai pembiayaan untuk \u201cFast Start\u201d untuk tahun 2010-2012, namun signifikasi proporsi dana ini belum dialokasikan.<\/p>\n

Menurut laporan PricewaterhouseCoopers<\/a> yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Kerajaan Inggris pada bulan Juli 2011, FCP telah mencairkan hanya 8 persen dari total dana sejak dimulainya komitmen tersebut. Sampai bulan September 2011, program UN-REDD telah mencairkan dana sebesar 63 juta dolar Amerika untuk program-programnya, namun pengeluaran<\/a> dibatasi hanya kurang dari sepertiganya, yaitu sebesar 20 juta dolar Amerika.<\/p>\n

Alternatif pendanaan lainnya, seperti melalui sektor swasta, saat ini sedang dipertimbangkan, namun resiko finansial bagi bisnis tetap saja tinggi. Diharapkan bahwa negosiasi yang saat ini sedang berlangsung akan menyediakan insentif bagi pendanaan sektor swasta dengan cara menjamin kualitas dari proyek agar sesuai dengan biaya transaksi yang tinggi.<\/p>\n

\u201cJika pembicaraan di Durban dapat menyelesaikan hal ini, akan dihasilkan kerangka kerja partisipasi sektor swasta dalam masalah iklim, dengan cara yang transparan, akuntabel dan adil, (hal) ini merupakan kemajuan besar,\u201d kata Tony La Vi\u00f1a, fasilitator REDD untuk UN Climate Talks dalam sebuah wawancara<\/a> dengan CIFOR. REDD+ telah mulai menarik minat dari sektor swasta. Sebagai contoh di Indonesia, bank-bank investasi seperti Macquarie dan BNP Paribas telah mulai mengalokasikan dana untuk investasi di kredit karbon hutan.<\/p>\n

Seiring kemajuan perundingan sampai akhir minggu ini, negara-negara maju perlu meyakinkan keseriusan akan dukungan mereka terhadap negara-negara yang rentan perubahan iklim. Dana obligasi hutan dan dana perwalian nasional hanyalah sebagian dari pemikiran yang dikemukakan guna menciptakan skema pendanaan tambahan.<\/p>\n

Namun, lanjut Graham, meski dilanda berbagai tantangan, masih ada optimisme bahwa semua bangsa sedang berusaha menyelesaikan masalah penundaan pendanaan ini.<\/p>\n

\u201cAda banyak pekerjaan baik yang telah dilakukan di tahun ini untuk menyelaraskan proses safeguards, menggunakan multi mitra-rekanan penyaluran untuk mencairkan dana lebih cepat serta mendapatkan perlindungan sepadan dengan jumlah dana atau dana REDD dicairkan atau kegiatan-kegiatan REDD berlangsung \u2013 jadi kemajuannya sangat positif,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\n

Untuk laporan-laporan lain dari acara ini, kunjungi blog organisasi ini:<\/em><\/p>\n

– The Center for People and Forests (RECOFTC)<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DURBAN, Afrika Selatan (1 Desember 2011)_Negara-negara maju harus berkomitmen terhadap pembiayaan iklim jangka panjang dan mendorong jalur pendanaan majemuk untuk menjamin negara-negara pemilik hutan akan \u201cinvestasi masif\u201d yang dilakukan untuk REDD+ dapat terbayar. \u201cREDD merupakan investasi masif bagi negara-negara berkembang, dan mereka memerlukan jaminan bahwa REDD adalah jalur tepat untuk diambil, jika mereka tidak mau […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":5447,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[151,184],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12307],"tag-bahasa":[2451,2843,2547,5276,2512,5268,2819,4807],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3086],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[213],"class_list":["post-5572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-redd-2","category-value-chains-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-south-africa","tag-bahasa-cop17","tag-bahasa-dana-iklim-hijau","tag-bahasa-keuangan","tag-bahasa-kristy-graham","tag-bahasa-negosiasi-iklim","tag-bahasa-overseas-development-institute","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-tony-la-vina","type-bahasa-peliputan-acara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNegara-negara pemilik hutan memerlukan jaminan \u201cinvestasi masif\u201d REDD+ akan terbayarkan - 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