{"id":53829,"date":"2018-01-31T12:10:20","date_gmt":"2018-01-31T05:10:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=53829"},"modified":"2018-03-06T13:50:49","modified_gmt":"2018-03-06T06:50:49","slug":"para-petani-hutan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/53829\/para-petani-hutan","title":{"rendered":"Para petani hutan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Indonesia \u2013 Artikel ini merupakan bagian ke tiga dari rangkaian 3 seri laporan dari Desa Honitetu, Maluku.<\/em><\/p>\n

Di tepi Sungai Tuba, Silas Matoke dan Yordana Yawate berjalan telanjang kaki menuju hutan yang telah menghidupi mereka.<\/p>\n

\u201cUntuk kami, hutan adalah tempat untuk mencari makan,\u201d Kata Matoke. \u201cDan menjadi kebun sayuran untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keseharian kami.\u201d<\/p>\n

Semenjak mereka kecil, kebutuhan yang dimaksud telah disediakan oleh hutan \u2013 sumber buah-buahan, sayuran, binatang buruan, rempah-rempah, dan kayu untuk bangunan dan memasak.<\/p>\n

Lewat kerja keras mereka, hutan juga menghasilkan sagu, makanan pokok penduduk di Maluku, Indonesia.<\/p>\n

Namun waktu berubah, saat ini menjadi semakin sulit untuk hidup dari hutan dan bertahan dari apa yang bisa dipanen dari sana.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami bisa memanen sagu yang cukup untuk kami makan. Namun sulit untuk bisa menjualnya,\u201d Lanjut Matoke. \u201cHidup kami sulit.\u201d<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\"\"
Yordana Yawate, membawa sekarung sagu. Suaminya Silas Matoke, memanen sagu yang dikenal sebagai 'pangkur' di tepian sungai Tuba di desa Honitetu,<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n
\n\t\t\t\t
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Fery Hokeyate memotong batang sagu, mengambil pati sari sagu. Ulet Ifansasti\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
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Serpihan-serpihan batang sagu seperti serbuk gergaji diremas-remas sambil disiram air. Ulet Ifansasti\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

WAKTU TELAH BERUBAH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Perubahan hukum nasional saat ini, mengakui hak penuh masyarakat adat terhadap hutan mereka, namun belum menjangkau wilayah pinggir timur jauh Indonesia ini.<\/p>\n

Di sebagian besar wilayah negara, seluruh hutan telah dikategorisasikan sebagai hutan negara maupun hutan swasta. Hukum era reformasi memampukan hak parsial bagi masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan dan mengelola hutan, namun mendapatkan pengakuan secara penuh memang masih diperjuangkan.<\/p>\n

Sementara itu, hak penuh lebih mudah didapat oleh perusahaan swasta. Pengembangan perkebunan swasta kerap mengakibatkan hilangnya akses masyarakat terhadap hutan mereka, dan menimpakan lebih besar tekanan terhadap hutan yang tersisa yang mendukung kehidupan dan mata pencarian mereka.<\/p>\n

Mengingat kebanyakan penguasa lokal dan provinsi mengambil kesempatan yang ada, pengguna hutan adat seperti Matoke dan Yawate diabaikan dengan ketidakpastian tenurial terhadap lahan yang menghidupi mereka.<\/p>\n

\u201cSekarang mereka bilang kami tidak boleh memanfaatkan hutan sebagai kebun,\u201d kata Matoke.<\/p>\n

\u201cDinas Kehutanan mulai menanami kembali areal ini,\u201d tambah Yawate. \u201cNamun tak ada bantuan langsung yang diberikan kepada kami.\u201d<\/p>\n

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\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bagi Silas Matoke dan istrinya Yordana Yawate, melindungi hutan penting untuk mempertahankan hidup di masa depan.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

HAK-HAK ADAT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Memperkuat hak-hak dan suara masyarakat adat dan terutama perempuan, merupakan kekuatan pendorong kepastian tenurial yang lebih baik, menurut sebuah studi dari Pusat Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR).<\/a>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pekerjaan ini adalah bagian dari Studi Komparatif Global tentang Reformasi Tenurial Hutan (GCS-Tenurial)<\/a>, dengan penelitian lapangan yang berlangsung di Indonesia, Peru dan Uganda.<\/p>\n

Sejauh ini hasil riset di Maluku<\/a> menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat lokal tidak puas dengan dominansi pemerintah saat ini dan sektor swasta yang mengendalikan lahan mereka. Mereka telah lama menanti kolaborasi dan transparansi dalam pengambilan keputusan, seiring dengan dihargai dan diakuinya hak-hak adat mereka \u2013 termasuk hak penuh atas hutan.<\/p>\n

Namun masyarakat membutuhkan lebih dari sekadar hak untuk mendapatkan kepastian tenurial, ungkap para peneliti. Yang sama pentingnya adalah memastikan bahwa institusi yang penting dan prosesnya difungsikan sebagaimana mestinya agar hak-hak tersebut dapat berjalan.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

\u201cIsu terkait kepastian tenurial adalah tentang usaha untuk memahami, hingga sejauh mana masyarakat merasa haknya akan terjamin di masa depan?\u201d terang Esther Mwangi, Pemimpin Proyek GCS-Tenurial.<\/p>\n

“Jika Anda menanam sebuah pohon, Anda berharap akan mendapatkan akses terhadap perkembangan dan hasil dari pohon tersebut. Kepastian tenurial adalah tentang diperbolehkannya melakukan sesuatu, untuk mengambil manfaat yang ada sekarang dan di masa depan berdasar hak-hak dan klaim Anda terhadap suatu sumber daya.\u201d<\/p>\n

Konsep ini terdengar tepat bagi petani sagu seperti Yawate, yang bekerja di hutan setiap hari selama musim panen untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Dari pengalamannya, pengelolaan berkelanjutan dan konservasi hutan bukanlah sekadar etika imperatif \u2013 ini adalah soal keberlangsungan hidup.<\/p>\n

\u201cBagi kami, hutan adalah untuk bertanam. Kami menanam sagu untuk hidup; membuat kebun kecil, lanjutnya. \u201cMelindungi hutan adalah penting bagi kami untuk mempertahankan hidup di masa depan.\u201d<\/p>\n\n

Diproduksi secara kolaboratif dengan Aris Sanjaya (video), Ulet Ifansasti (fotografi), Aini Naimmah (transkripsi), Budhy Kristanty (produksi) dan masyarakat Desa Honitetu, Maluku, Indonesia. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Indonesia \u2013 Artikel ini merupakan bagian ke tiga dari rangkaian 3 seri laporan dari Desa Honitetu, Maluku. Di tepi Sungai Tuba, Silas Matoke dan Yordana Yawate berjalan telanjang kaki menuju hutan yang telah menghidupi mereka. \u201cUntuk kami, hutan adalah tempat untuk mencari makan,\u201d Kata Matoke. \u201cDan menjadi kebun sayuran untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keseharian kami.\u201d Semenjak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":221,"featured_media":53830,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,173,13,95],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[6913,2721,2516,2670,2575,2590,7500,6959,2584,2554],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3100,3085],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[6538],"class_list":["post-53829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-gender-justice-tenure","category-governance","category-human-wellbeing","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-hutan-adat","tag-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-kepemilikan-dan-hak-atas-lahan","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-adat","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-lokal","tag-bahasa-reformasi-agraria","tag-bahasa-reformasi-tenurial","tag-bahasa-tata-guna-lahan","tag-bahasa-tata-kelola-hutan","type-bahasa-fitur","type-bahasa-video"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPara petani hutan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/53829\/para-petani-hutan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Para petani hutan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Indonesia \u2013 Artikel ini merupakan bagian ke tiga dari rangkaian 3 seri laporan dari Desa Honitetu, Maluku. 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