{"id":53086,"date":"2017-12-13T10:00:07","date_gmt":"2017-12-13T03:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=53086"},"modified":"2018-02-07T15:47:23","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T08:47:23","slug":"bekerja-dengan-kayu-perempuan-di-jepara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/53086\/bekerja-dengan-kayu-perempuan-di-jepara","title":{"rendered":"Bekerja dengan kayu: Perempuan di Jepara"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Woman woodworkers \u2013 the Jepara story\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6AWbaqqrj28?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Kisah ini bermula pada abad ke-16, seorang perajin dari Campa datang dan mengajari penduduk Jepara sebuah gaya baru dalam mengolah kayu. Kedatangan itu mengubah kota \u2013 yang dulu dikelilingi hutan jati \u2013 menjadi pusat kerajinan ukiran.<\/p>\n<p>Saat ini, meskipun hutan jati alam telah hilang, namun masyarakat masih terus membentuk, menghaluskan dan memahat kayu yang diperoleh dari hutan tanaman dari tempat yang lebih jauh.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSudah ada dalam darah kami,\u201d kata Nur Hamidah, seorang ahli ukiran dan perajin unggulan yang telah bekerja dengan kayu di Jepara selama 25 tahun.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPekerjaan ini lah yang kami tahu sejak kami masih kecil \u2013 pekerjaan ini sudah seperti keluarga sendiri,\u201d lanjutnya, sambil bergerak seperti orang berdoa.<\/p>\n<p>Industri Jepara didominasi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/2354\/atlas-of-wooden-furniture-industry-in-jepara-indonesia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">oleh usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM)<\/a> yang membentuk barisan usaha besar dan kecil di kota berpenduduk dua juta ini. Usaha kecil ini bergantung pada kerja perajin yang menjadi profesi unik pilihan sebagian besar penduduk.<\/p>\n<div style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;min-height:unset;\" class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull has-parallax has-custom-content-position is-position-bottom-center has-aspect-ratio\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-53089 size-full has-parallax\" style=\"background-position:50% 50%;\n\t\t\t\tbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37847826142_864a678c65_k-2.jpg)\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-c7274f9a76ff948295c72066c2502b23\">Perempuan mengukir kayu di halaman sebuah bengkel usaha kecil di Jepara.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\u201cJepara memiliki sejarah panjang kerajinan kayu dan usaha kecil, baik lelaki maupun perempuan turut berperan. Bahkan, perempuan mungkin berkontribusi terhadap separuh pekerjaan lelaki,\u201d kata ilmuwan Herry  Purnomo dari <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cifor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional<\/a> (CIFOR). Purnomo telah bertahun-tahun bekerja dalam proyek yang bertujuan meningkatkan kapasitas perempuan dalam industri tersebut dan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/50335\/helping-indonesian-craftsmen-go-global-sustainably?fnl=en\">mendorong pemanfaatan bahan baku kayu lestari<\/a>, yang berkontribusi pada terbukanya akses pasar dan peningkatan prioritas konservasi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GESEKAN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zaekah bekerja di salah satu tempat kerajinan kecil Jepara. Ia adalah seorang nenek yang melakukan pekerjaan fisik memproduksi mebel untuk kafe-kafe di Sydney dan hotel-hotel di Abu Dhabi.<\/p>\n<p>Debu bertebaran di sekelilingnya dan rekannya ketika ia membengkokkan papan kayu jati, atau saat menghaluskan dengan sabuk amplas atau amplas tangan saat mereka duduk di bangku kecil.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSaya mendapat Rp 35.000 (2,60 USD) per hari,\u201d jawabnya singkat ketika ditanya upah.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-23441af8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img width=\"832\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1-832x397.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-53094\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1-832x397.jpg 832w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1-566x270.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1-768x366.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1-610x291.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37879010421_c965d064cc_k-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Zaekah mengamplas mebel setiap hari di bengkel kerja kecil di Jepara. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cifor\/37879010421\/in\/album-72157687435356861\/\">Deanna Ramsay\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img width=\"623\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-623x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-53090\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-623x415.jpg 623w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-566x377.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-610x407.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37159026953_fa9b89c8c0_k-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Seorang laki-laki memuat kayu jati ke sebuah mobil pengangkut kayu di Jepara, Jawa Tengah. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cifor\/37159026953\/in\/album-72157687435356861\/\">Deanna Ramsay\/CIFOR  <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Pemilik bengkel dan bos Zaekah, Mbak Njum mengaku makin sulit menemukan perempuan seperti Zaekah untuk pekerjaan mengamplas dan pekerjaan tahap akhir mebel di tokonya. Pekerjaan ini umumnya dilakukan perempuan. Namun, pabrik pakaian memasuki kota ini, dan menawarkan peluang pekerjaan pada perempuan muda, dengan gaji lebih baik dan kondisi kerja yang bebas debu dan serpihan kayu.<\/p>\n<p>Narasi industri baru ini bisa mengubah gaung kisah asli perajin Jepara, menuju peralihan modernitas bisnis global.<\/p>\n\n<h4><strong>KEKHUSUSAN<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Triana, manajer kantor Mbak Njum, memaparkan kemampuan khusus yang dibutuhkan dari perempuan di bengkel kerja.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSaya pikir, perempuan lebih telaten ketika menghaluskan mebel. Tidak sekadar menggosok kayu, mereka memahami tekniknya. Pekerjaan kami mungkin tidak sempurna, tetapi memiliki pekerja yang mengerjakan proses penghalusan adalah alasan usaha tetap bisa berjalan,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>Tidak diragukan lagi, pekerjaan ini berbasis gender. Perempuan menangani tugas-tugas tahap akhir, seperti mengamplas dan menempel, sementara lelaki mengerjakan batang kayu jati di penggergajian, mengukir dan melakukan kerajinan yang lain. Tentu saja terdapat kekhususan, seperti Nur Hamidah dan sekelompok perempuan pekerja, yang merupakan bagian dari kelompok perajin perempuan yang berdedikasi di wilayah tersebut.<\/p>\n<div class='short-image short-image--left'>\n\t\t\t\t<a class='fancybox-image GTMshortImage' href='' target='_self'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__thumb'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src='' width='260'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__type'><h3><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__title'><h4><\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\u201cPerempuan biasanya hanya memiliki sedikit peran atas pengendalian sumber daya, pengambilan keputusan dan bahan baku pembuatan produk, dan juga sangat rentan terhadap perubahan permintaan dan pasokan, serta gangguan lain yang terjadi di pasar,\u201d kata Purnomo.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKondisi perempuan perlu ditingkatkan,\u201d tambahnya. Salah satu langkahnya adalah mendirikan Ikatan Wanita Pengusaha Jepara (Jepara Women Entrepreneur\/JWE) beberapa tahun lalu. Kelompok ini memperjuangkan peluang lebih baik bagi perempuan di seluruh aspek perdagangan.<\/p>\n<p>Dengan nilai ekspor sekitar 150 juta dolar AS per tahun\u2014atau 10 persen dari total ekspor negara\u2014industri mebel Jepara menjadi penting, khususnya di negara <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-28422179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">yang presidennya adalah pedagang mebel<\/a>. Jadi meningkatkan upah dan kondisi perempuan di bidang ini akan menjadi langkah besar dalam industri yang sangat penting ini.<\/p>\n<div style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;min-height:unset;\" class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull has-parallax has-custom-content-position is-position-bottom-center has-aspect-ratio\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-53091 size-full has-parallax\" style=\"background-position:50% 50%;\n\t\t\t\tbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37169107434_d4e7f7c282_k-1.jpg)\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-c7274f9a76ff948295c72066c2502b23\">Seorang perempuan berhenti sejenak dari aktivitasnya mengukir kayu di Jepara.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Triana merindukan kembalinya masa ketika Jepara diramaikan bisnis ekspor. \u201cLebih banyak pembeli datang, lebih banyak permintaan, dan ini membantu menjaga keberlangsungan industri. Di Jepara, industri mebel menciptakan lapangan kerja yang menyangga penghidupan masyarakat. Saya masih berharap masyarakat Jepara terus bekerja di bidang ini,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>Bagi Zaekah, mengamplas tetap menjadi pilihan pekerjaan, dan satu dari sedikit pekerjaan yang tersedia untuknya. Salah seorang putrinya sempat bekerja sebagai pengamplas, namun kemudian pergi untuk \u201cladang lebih hijau\u201d, bekerja di pabrik pakaian. Pilihan itu, meskipun jika dia mengingkan, tidak mungkin lagi bagi Zaekah, karena harus berusia di bawah 30 tahun. Namun, bagi Zaekah yang tinggal di rumah sederhana bersama suami, anak perempuan, seorang cucu baru, dan seekor sapi yang baru dibeli untuk penghasilan tambahan, ia mengaku mencintai pekerjaannya dan tetap akan bekerja di bidang ini.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-23441af8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img width=\"623\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-623x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-53092\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-623x415.jpg 623w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-566x377.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-610x407.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/37621875510_222d6083f3_k-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Seorang perempuan mengamplas mebel di sebuah bengkel kerja di Jepara, Indonesia. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cifor\/37621875510\/in\/album-72157687435356861\/\">Deanna Ramsay\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img width=\"623\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-623x415.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-53093\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-623x415.jpg 623w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-263x176.jpg 263w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-566x377.jpg 566w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-610x407.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1-75x49.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/26278363119_7386e19667_k-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Seorang perempuan membungkus bangku untuk diekspor ke Sydney di sebuah bengkel kerja di Jepara. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cifor\/26278363119\/in\/album-72157687435356861\/\">Deanna Ramsay\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kisah ini bermula pada abad ke-16, seorang perajin dari Campa datang dan mengajari penduduk Jepara sebuah gaya baru dalam mengolah kayu. Kedatangan itu mengubah kota \u2013 yang dulu dikelilingi hutan jati \u2013 menjadi pusat kerajinan ukiran. Saat ini, meskipun hutan jati alam telah hilang, namun masyarakat masih terus membentuk, menghaluskan dan memahat kayu yang diperoleh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":53097,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,6090,173,95,184],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[6582,2772,7388,7386,7389,7387],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3100],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[6428],"class_list":["post-53086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-forests-news","category-gender-justice-tenure","category-human-wellbeing","category-value-chains-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-gender","tag-bahasa-jepara","tag-bahasa-mebel","tag-bahasa-pengerajin-perempuan","tag-bahasa-perajin-jepara","tag-bahasa-ukir","type-bahasa-fitur"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bekerja dengan kayu: Perempuan di Jepara - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/53086\/bekerja-dengan-kayu-perempuan-di-jepara\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bekerja dengan kayu: Perempuan di Jepara\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kisah ini bermula pada abad ke-16, seorang perajin dari Campa datang dan mengajari penduduk Jepara sebuah gaya baru dalam mengolah kayu. Kedatangan itu mengubah kota \u2013 yang dulu dikelilingi hutan jati \u2013 menjadi pusat kerajinan ukiran. 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