{"id":52005,"date":"2017-10-10T16:34:38","date_gmt":"2017-10-10T09:34:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=52005"},"modified":"2018-02-07T15:41:07","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T08:41:07","slug":"kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","title":{"rendered":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Berbekal bukti panasnya api, kita terdorong berasumsi bahwa segalanya jelas dari apa yang terlihat. Namun, menurut sebuah <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/6572\/perceptions-across-scales-of-governance-and-the-indonesian-peatland-fires\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">penelitian terbaru<\/a>, persepsi mengenai kebakaran lahan gambut di Indonesia sangat berbeda pada berbagai aktor, dan hal tersebut menjelaskan aneka perilaku, aksi dan dampak lingkungan di lapangan.<\/p>\n<p>Penelitian yang dipimpin Rachel Carmenta, di <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cifor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional <\/a> (CIFOR), bekerja sama dengan Universitas Lancaster, Cambridge dan Florida, menggunakan pendekatan baru untuk memetakan persepsi beragam pemangku kepentingan, mulai dari pengambil kebijakan internasional hingga petani lokal dan pemilik lahan yang tinggal jauh. Mereka semua berperan dalam pemanfaatan, manajemen dan masa depan lahan gambut.<\/p>\n<p>Menggunakan metodologi Q \u2013 biasa digunakan dalam psikologi untuk mengidentifikasi subyektifitas pemangku kepentingan atas subyek tertentu \u2013 tim peneliti mampu menyerap informasi bagaimana berbagai kelompok mempersepsikan keuntungan dan kerugian kebakaran gambut, serta <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/36467\/dont-inhale-scientists-look-at-what-the-indonesian-haze-is-made-of?fnl=en\">asap beracun<\/a>, selain juga persepsi mengenai efektivitas potensi solusinya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKami ingin lebih memahami bagaimana kebakaran gambut dipersepsi oleh beragam kelompok pemangku kepentingan terkait, karena persepsi dapat mengungkap sesuatu mengenai apa yang kita lihat, apa yang kita lakukan, dan menunjukkan jalan menuju masa depan lebih lestari,\u201d kata Carmenta.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">KEUNTUNGAN DAN KERUGIAN<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hasil awal penelitian, menunjukkan tidak sekadar kerangka sederhana dua kelompok aktor \u2013 petani dan pelaku agroindustri \u2013 sebagai penyebab kebakaran, namun keterlibatan sekumpulan kelompok aktor. Motivasi mereka juga lebih dari sekadar membersihkan lahan dengan murah.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKami fokuskan penelitian di Riau, sebagai garis depan lahan gambut saat ini. Banyak aktor baru, mulai dari kepentingan bisnis internasional, investor tingkat kota, hingga petani skala kecil yang bermigrasi dari wilayah lain Sumatera. Mereka secara radikal mengubah bentang alam dalam proses yang secara langsung atau tak langsung menggunakan api,\u201d papar Carmenta.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSebagian tantangan lingkungan terbesar saat ini adalah kompleksitas masalah lintas sektor dan skala \u2013 lahan gambut  merupakan salah satu contohnya \u2013 dan kebakaran menjadi buktinya,\u201d tambahnya. \u201cDi garis depan lahan gambut padat karbon tersebut, berbagai kepentingan bermain di atas sumber daya dan mengakumulasi kerugian dan keuntungan yang dialami secara berbeda pada tiap aktor.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='short-image short-image--left'>\n\t\t\t\t<a class='fancybox-image GTMshortImage' href='' target='_self'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__thumb'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src='' width='260'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__type'><h3><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__title'><h4><\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Sebanyak 12 kelompok pemangku kepentingan berbeda teridentifikasi melalui pemetaan lapangandi Dumai, Riau, selama enam pekan pada awal 2015,  serta diperkuat oleh konsultasi pakar dan kajian literatur. Banyak kelompok pemangku kepentingan ditemukan memiliki persepsi berbeda terkait kebakaran lahan gambut.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTranformasi lahan gambut berlangsung cepat, dan perubahan pemanfaatan lahan secara radikal terjadi di Riau dalam rentang waktu singkat,\u201d kata Carmenta.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTentu saja, bagi sebagian orang perubahan ini positif, antara lain karena peningkatan pendapatan secara cepat. Sementara pihak lain mengeluhkan perubahan drastis, misalnya, karena degradasi jasa ekosistem dan dampak kesehatan masyarakat terkait, banyak yang belum terkuantifikasi.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPemahaman lebih baik mengenai kerugian kebakaran pada berbagai sektor, seperti kesehatan, pendidikan dan lingkungan akan memperbaiki pemahaman timbal balik nyata dari perkebunan seperti sawit dan akasia, serta akan menjadi landasan pengetahuan dalam perencanaan dan manajemen,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\n<p>Penggunaan api mengakar di Riau, baik secara sengaja maupun terdorong kondisi yang membuat api tersebar secara aksidental. Misalnya, alasan pembakaran disengaja antara lain dalam persiapan lahan, atau dilatarbelakangi perselisihan lahan dan sumber daya. Penyebab tak langsung kebakaran, antara lain pengeringan lahan gambut untuk kebutuhan perluasan perkebunan di atas gambut, yang meningkatkan kerentanan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKebakaran aksidental (api meluas di luar batas) dipengaruhi oleh kondisi gambut kering, yang mendorong tersebarnya kebakaran, serta konflik tenurial, yang berarti insentif manajemen api tidak ideal,\u201d kata Carmenta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>KONFLIK PANDANGAN, <\/strong><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">KEPENTINGAN UMUM<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">Penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan persepsi kelompok, wilayah kesepakatan dan kontroversi, serta pembahasan untuk implikasi desain intervensi manajemen kebakaran (FMI) masa depan dan tantangan tata kelola perubahan lingkungan global.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">Para peneliti mampu mengidentifikasi pilihan dari berbagai potensi keuntungan dan kerugian yang disusun berdasar peringkat tertinggi urgensi antar kelompok berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan masyarakat dan dampak keragaman hayati akibat kebakaran merupakan wilayah perhatian yang menyatukan berbagai kelompok berbeda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cPrioritas tinggi diberikan pada dampak kesehatan telah kami duga, menyusul situasi yang sangat buruk pada 2015. Namun, kami terkejut melihat bahwa beban gas rumah kaca dan keragaman hayati juga ditempatkan secara umum sebagai perhatian kunci pada berbagai kelompok pemangku kepentingan,\u201d kata Carmenta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">Dalam melakukan identifikasi bagaimana berbagai kelompok memikirkan solusi kebakaran gambut, kelompok penelitian menganalisis respon peserta atas sekumpulan FMI kontemporer, termasuk kebijakan nasional dalam merespon kebakaran 2015. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa secara umum FMI dipandang sebagai cara paling efektif, meski muncul kontroversi sengit antar kelompok.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class='short-image short-image--left'>\n\t\t\t\t<a class='fancybox-image GTMshortImage' href='' target='_self'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__thumb'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src='' width='260'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__type'><h3><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__title'><h4><\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cKami menunjukkan bahwa opsi solusi utama yang dipersepsi paling efektif juga muncul sebagai yang paling tidak disepakati antar pemangku kepentingan,\u201d kata Carmenta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">Intervensi tersebut antara lain peningkatan pemanfaatan kanal dangkal untuk menjaga akses air, menjadi penghalang api dan menjaga tingkat air lebih tinggi; melarang ekspansi pertanian di lahan gambut; dan meningkatkan tindakan penegakkan hukum terhadap perusahaan yang terjadi kebakaran dalam lahan mereka.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cHal tersebut merupakan intervensi yang terkuat hari ini. Hasil ini menunjukkan tantangan bagi para pengambil kebijakan dan implementator, serta memunculkan pertanyaan mengenai bagaimana merekonsiliasi berbagai kepentingan dan instumen kebijakan apa yang paling efektif,\u201d lanjut Carmenta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"background: white; margin: 11.25pt 0cm 15.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #333333;\">Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan terarah dan dialog antar berbagai kelompok akan menjadi bagian penting dalam merancang dan mengimplementasikan pendekatan FMI yang tepat dalam mengatasi jurang pemisah kebijakan dengan praktik yang saat ini ada. Hal ini merupakan salah satu tantangan utama dalam tata kelola kebakaran lahan gambut dan, pada tata kelola berbagai bentuk manifestasi lain dalam perubahan iklim global. <\/span><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Berbekal bukti panasnya api, kita terdorong berasumsi bahwa segalanya jelas dari apa yang terlihat. Namun, menurut sebuah penelitian terbaru, persepsi mengenai kebakaran lahan gambut di Indonesia sangat berbeda pada berbagai aktor, dan hal tersebut menjelaskan aneka perilaku, aksi dan dampak lingkungan di lapangan. Penelitian yang dipimpin Rachel Carmenta, di Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR), bekerja [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":272,"featured_media":52010,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,188,6090,190],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2500,2721,2548,2569,2622,7179,2626,2480,3680,7007,2635,2584],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[7230],"class_list":["post-52005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-food-and-diets","category-forests-news","category-peatlands","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-emisi-karbon","tag-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-kebakaran-hutan","tag-bahasa-kesehatan","tag-bahasa-lahan-gambut","tag-bahasa-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-perkebunan","tag-bahasa-pertanian","tag-bahasa-perubahan-iklim","tag-bahasa-restorasi-gambut","tag-bahasa-sektor-swasta","tag-bahasa-tata-guna-lahan","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Berbekal bukti panasnya api, kita terdorong berasumsi bahwa segalanya jelas dari apa yang terlihat. Namun, menurut sebuah penelitian terbaru, persepsi mengenai kebakaran lahan gambut di Indonesia sangat berbeda pada berbagai aktor, dan hal tersebut menjelaskan aneka perilaku, aksi dan dampak lingkungan di lapangan. Penelitian yang dipimpin Rachel Carmenta, di Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR), bekerja [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1360\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Nabiha Shahab\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Nabiha Shahab\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d4c3fe3b57374ced46d23770b6f72bd\"},\"headline\":\"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\"},\"wordCount\":848,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Climate change &amp; energy\",\"Food &amp; diets\",\"Forests News\",\"Peatlands\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2017\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\",\"name\":\"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi - Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg\",\"width\":2048,\"height\":1360,\"caption\":\"Ilmuwan CIFOR dan mitra peneliti memantau Pesawat Tanpa Awak (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle\\\/UAV) terbang melintasi gambut terbakar di luar kota Palangkaraya, Indonesia. Peningkatan kesadaran mengenai pentingnya memahami persepsi pemangku kepentingan berdampak pada lingkungan. Foto CIFOR\\\/Aulia Erlangga\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\",\"name\":\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"description\":\"The latest news on REDD+, climate change, biofuels, gender, conservation, trade, deforestation, indigenous &amp; community groups, dry forests, food security, illegal logging, governance and biodiversity.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"id\"},{\"@type\":[\"Organization\",\"Place\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\",\"name\":\"CIFOR-ICRAF\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\",\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/CIFORICRAF\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/CIFOR_ICRAF\"],\"telephone\":[],\"openingHoursSpecification\":[{\"@type\":\"OpeningHoursSpecification\",\"dayOfWeek\":[\"Monday\",\"Tuesday\",\"Wednesday\",\"Thursday\",\"Friday\",\"Saturday\",\"Sunday\"],\"opens\":\"09:00\",\"closes\":\"17:00\"}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d4c3fe3b57374ced46d23770b6f72bd\",\"name\":\"Nabiha Shahab\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=gf0899e66b7fe5227e359732c0f65f0d9\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nabiha Shahab\"},\"description\":\"Nabiha Shahab is a writer for Forest News. She has worked both in the media and media campaigning with environmental NGOs in Indonesia since 1997. She holds an MA in environmental management from the University of Nottingham.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/author\\\/nabiha-shahab\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/52005\\\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/12\\\/cifor-icraf-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/12\\\/cifor-icraf-logo.png\",\"width\":596,\"height\":250,\"caption\":\"CIFOR-ICRAF\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi - Landscape Alliance Forests News","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","og_locale":"id_ID","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi","og_description":"Berbekal bukti panasnya api, kita terdorong berasumsi bahwa segalanya jelas dari apa yang terlihat. Namun, menurut sebuah penelitian terbaru, persepsi mengenai kebakaran lahan gambut di Indonesia sangat berbeda pada berbagai aktor, dan hal tersebut menjelaskan aneka perilaku, aksi dan dampak lingkungan di lapangan. Penelitian yang dipimpin Rachel Carmenta, di Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR), bekerja [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","og_site_name":"Landscape Alliance Forests News","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF","article_published_time":"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00","article_modified_time":"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2048,"height":1360,"url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Nabiha Shahab","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@CIFOR_ICRAF","twitter_site":"@CIFOR_ICRAF","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi"},"author":{"name":"Nabiha Shahab","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#\/schema\/person\/4d4c3fe3b57374ced46d23770b6f72bd"},"headline":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi","datePublished":"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00","dateModified":"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi"},"wordCount":848,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","articleSection":["Climate change &amp; energy","Food &amp; diets","Forests News","Peatlands"],"inLanguage":"id","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2017","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi","name":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi - Landscape Alliance Forests News","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","datePublished":"2017-10-10T09:34:38+00:00","dateModified":"2018-02-07T08:41:07+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"id","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","width":2048,"height":1360,"caption":"Ilmuwan CIFOR dan mitra peneliti memantau Pesawat Tanpa Awak (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle\/UAV) terbang melintasi gambut terbakar di luar kota Palangkaraya, Indonesia. Peningkatan kesadaran mengenai pentingnya memahami persepsi pemangku kepentingan berdampak pada lingkungan. Foto CIFOR\/Aulia Erlangga"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Kebakaran dan asap beracun lahan gambut: Kekuatan persepsi"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#website","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id","name":"Landscape Alliance Forests News","description":"The latest news on REDD+, climate change, biofuels, gender, conservation, trade, deforestation, indigenous &amp; community groups, dry forests, food security, illegal logging, governance and biodiversity.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"id"},{"@type":["Organization","Place"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#organization","name":"CIFOR-ICRAF","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id","logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF","https:\/\/x.com\/CIFOR_ICRAF"],"telephone":[],"openingHoursSpecification":[{"@type":"OpeningHoursSpecification","dayOfWeek":["Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday","Sunday"],"opens":"09:00","closes":"17:00"}]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id#\/schema\/person\/4d4c3fe3b57374ced46d23770b6f72bd","name":"Nabiha Shahab","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=gf0899e66b7fe5227e359732c0f65f0d9","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f229f92919930d42425e142903950ff0ca2bed57b1de3748aef9b8bdaa4c70bf?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Nabiha Shahab"},"description":"Nabiha Shahab is a writer for Forest News. She has worked both in the media and media campaigning with environmental NGOs in Indonesia since 1997. She holds an MA in environmental management from the University of Nottingham.","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/author\/nabiha-shahab"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/52005\/kebakaran-dan-asap-beracun-lahan-gambut-kekuatan-persepsi#local-main-organization-logo","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cifor-icraf-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cifor-icraf-logo.png","width":596,"height":250,"caption":"CIFOR-ICRAF"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/35505846350_f2cfb57283_k-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/272"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52005\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"tag-bahasa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-bahasa?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"tag-espanol","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-espanol?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"tag-francais","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-francais?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"type-espanol","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-espanol?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"type-bahasa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-bahasa?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"type-english","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-english?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"type-francais","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-francais?post=52005"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=52005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}