{"id":43004,"date":"2016-08-20T12:00:44","date_gmt":"2016-08-20T05:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=43004"},"modified":"2018-02-07T16:08:38","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T09:08:38","slug":"memberi-porsi-lebih-besar-bagi-petani-kecil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/43004\/memberi-porsi-lebih-besar-bagi-petani-kecil","title":{"rendered":"Memberi porsi lebih besar bagi petani kecil"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mencari jalan tengah antara perlindungan alam di tengah kuatnya dorongan perluasan ekspansi pertanian konservasi tentu bukan tugas yang mudah. Terlebih bagi para petani kecil \u2013 pemain penting di dalam proses produksi komoditas pertanian \u2013 yang akibat adanya penurunan ekonomi dapat berakibat meningkatnya praktik tidak berkelanjutan \u2013 dan menjadikan situasi menjadi lebih rumit.<\/p>\n<p>Semakin meningkatnya komitmen perusahaan untuk memutus rantai deforestasi dari rantai pasokan, situasi integrasi dan kerentanan petani juga perlu mendapat perhatian. Pertanyaannya, bagaimana perusahaan dapat membantu untuk memberdayakan petani kecil, mendorong pengurangan praktik-praktik yang mendorong terjadinya deforestasi? Apa yang harus dilakukan oleh pemerintah, masyarakat sipil dan sektor finansial? Dan, seperti apa proyek pemberdayaan petani kecil yang berhasil?<\/p>\n<p>Pada <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/asia-pacific-rainforest-summit\/?utm_source=CIFOR%20Website&amp;utm_medium=Top%20button&amp;utm_campaign=Asia-Pacific%20Rainforest%20Summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Hutan Hujan Asia-Pasifik<\/a> (APRS) di Brunei mulai 3 hingga 5 Agustus lalu, pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut telah didiskusikan oleh beragam perwakilan pemerintah, bisnis, masyarakat sipil dan komunitas peneliti.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam sebuah wawancara di sela-sela <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landscapes.org\/london-2016\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Forum Bentang Alam Global: Kasus Investasi<\/a>, ilmuwan utama <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional <\/a>(CIFOR), Pablo Pacheco \u2013 yang menjadi ketua <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/asia-pacific-rainforest-summit\/agenda-item\/day-2-thursday-4-august-2016\/parallel-sessions-2\/excluding-deforestation-from-global-supply-chains-while-enhancing-smallholders-livelihoods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">sesi petani kecil<\/a> di APRS \u2013 mencoba menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan tajam mengenai petani kecil, investasi dan keberlanjutan.<\/p>\n<p>[youtube id=&#8221;6D0oocy1mbg&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Saat ini banyak sektor investasi swasta \u2013 dengan kekuatan modal yang dimiliki \u2013 nampaknya belum menjangkau petani kecil. Bagaimana pandangan Anda?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hal ini bergantung pada sektor mana yang kita lihat. Saya pikir ada sejumlah besar petani kecil yang tidak mempunyai akses modal. Tetapi ada sekelompok kecil petani kecil yang bersama-sama mengelola tanaman komoditas dan lebih mempunyai jaringan dengan perusahaan dan pasar global yang memiliki akses modal &#8211; sebab modal berasal dari kesepakatan antara kelompok petani kecil tersebut dengan perusahaan.<\/p>\n<p>Dan jika mereka memiliki akses terhadap beberapa sumber pendanaan atau keuangan, mereka juga memiliki akses terhadap pasar informal. Dalam banyak kasus, akses tersebut sekaligus menjadi jembatan terhadap siapa yang dapat memberikan modal pada petani kecil. Tapi faktanya, modal yang datang dari sumber informal cenderung lebih fleksibel bagi petani kecil. Hal ini terjadi pada petani kecil pada beberapa keadaan walaupun lebih mahal. Uang kurang bisa diandalkan. Jadi mereka memang memiliki akses modal, tetapi jauh lebih mahal.<\/p>\n<p>Saya pikir masalah finansial petani kecil kini adalah pembuatan akses modal yang lebih terjangkau.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Apakah setelah beberapa tahun ini ada peningkatan? Dalam hal investasi sektor swasta, apakah tata kelolanya menguntungkan petani kecil?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hal ini tidak bisa dipastikan. Saya pikir ada bagian sektor swasta mampu membangun hubungan dengan petani kecil melalui skema luar. Dan saya pikir jika Anda memiliki perusahaan yang mampu menyediakan modal bagi petani kecil, yang diperlukan bukan hanya modal, tetapi juga bantuan teknis serta bagaimana dapat memasukkan jasa yang dimiliki bagi kepentingan petani kecil.<\/p>\n<p>Para perusahaan perlu menjamin bahwa mereka memiliki kualitas suplai dan kestabilan suplai yang cukup dari petani kecil di luar sistem. Namun faktanya, saat ini perusahaan membuat komitmen sumber suplainya bersih, bebas deforestasi. Dan saya pikir masalah utama yang para perusahaan hadapi adalah membangun sumber suplai bersih yang melibatkan petani kecil.<\/p>\n<p>Tetapi hal ini berarti perusahaan perlu membuat semacam perjanjian dengan para petani kecil yang mensuplai perusahaan. Inilah masalah besarnya. Karena mayoritas petani kecil adalah petani mandiri, seperti di sektor sawit di Indonesia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dan siapa yang Anda pikir seharusnya membayar biaya transisi petani kecil agar menjalankan produksi yang lebih berkelanjutan?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Saya pikir apa yang diperlukan adalah model bisnis yang mampu menanggung bersama biaya tersebut \u2013 berbagi biaya, berbagi risiko dan berbagi manfaat. Karena dalam sebagian besar kasus, Anda perlu model bisnis yang kemudian dapat mentransfer biaya pada produser dan sektor lebih hilir rantai suplai. Jadi mereka yang harus membayar biaya itu. Dalam sebuah situasi ideal, perusahaan juga seharusnya bisa \u2013 jika mereka menargetkan bebas deforestasi di pasar \u2013 jika ada penghargaan ketika mentransfer manfaat ke hilir rantai nilai.<\/p>\n<div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Sehingga petani kecil bisa mendapat manfaat atau mendapat kompensasi atas biaya yang mereka investasikan dalam meningkatkan sistem produksi. Tetapi ini masih menjadi pertanyaan terbuka, dan kita tidak tahu apakah ini akan bekerja dengan cara seperti itu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Apa yang bisa dilakukan sektor finansial dan perbankan untuk membantu penghidupan petani kecil?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mereka berada dalam posisi sulit. Meski jika mereka memiliki keinginan dan ketersediaan modal untuk berinvestasi pada petani kecil, biaya transaksinya sangat tinggi bagi mereka untuk menyediakan modal seperti ini bagi petani kecil. Jadi mereka benar-benar perlu lembaga keuangan mikro, koperasi, dan <em>aggregator.<\/em> Menyalurkan uang melalui aggregator bisa menjadi jalan menurunkan biaya transaksi pinjaman tersebut.<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mencari jalan tengah antara perlindungan alam di tengah kuatnya dorongan perluasan ekspansi pertanian konservasi tentu bukan tugas yang mudah. Terlebih bagi para petani kecil \u2013 pemain penting di dalam proses produksi komoditas pertanian \u2013 yang akibat adanya penurunan ekonomi dapat berakibat meningkatnya praktik tidak berkelanjutan \u2013 dan menjadikan situasi menjadi lebih rumit. Semakin meningkatnya komitmen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":220,"featured_media":43011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,184],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2522,3609,2616,2589,2618,6611,2924,2659,6610,2676],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3102],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[6428],"class_list":["post-43004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-value-chains-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-finansial","tag-bahasa-kelapa-sawit","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-minyak-kelapa-sawit","tag-bahasa-modal","tag-bahasa-pablo-pacheco","tag-bahasa-petani-kecil","tag-bahasa-praktik-berkelanjutan","tag-bahasa-rantai-nilai","type-bahasa-video-tj"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Memberi porsi lebih besar bagi petani kecil - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/43004\/memberi-porsi-lebih-besar-bagi-petani-kecil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Memberi porsi lebih besar bagi petani kecil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mencari jalan tengah antara perlindungan alam di tengah kuatnya dorongan perluasan ekspansi pertanian konservasi tentu bukan tugas yang mudah. 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