{"id":39095,"date":"2016-01-07T14:34:23","date_gmt":"2016-01-07T07:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=39095"},"modified":"2018-02-07T15:51:14","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T08:51:14","slug":"perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/39095\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika","title":{"rendered":"Perubahan iklim merubah pola migrasi di Afrika"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Menyusul terjadinya perubahan pola migrasi akibat perubahan iklim, pada gilirannya meningkatkan tekanan terhadap keterbatasan lahan dan sumber daya alam, para pakar di sebuah konferensi global menyerukan peningkatan fokus pada resiliensi dan pendekatan holistik sebagai cara menghindari konflik.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMigrasi lingkungan bukanlah bentuk baru migrasi. Perubahan iklim yang membuatnya berbeda,\u201d kata Paula Caballero, Direktur Senior Bank Dunia pada <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landscapes.org\/glf-2015\/agenda-item\/2015-glf-day-2-sunday-6-december-2\/thematic-high-level-sessions\/thematic-high-level-migration-resilience-and-productivity-of-land-how-a-sustainable-landscape-approach-can-help-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">sesi khusus<\/a>  <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landscapes.org\/glf-2015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Forum Bentang Alam Global<\/a>, yang digelar bersamaan dengan COP21 di Paris, Desember 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Migrasi adalah salah satu masalah besar, yang seringkali terjadi sebagai respon atas dampak perubahan iklim atau konflik, dan ini memperburuk dampak terhadap lingkungan. Demikian menurut  Louise Baker, Koordinator Hubungan Eksternal dan Kebijakan Konvensi Melawan Desertifikasi PBB.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHal ini agak menjadi paradigma migrasi yang terdegradasi dan ditinggalkan,\u201d kata Baker. \u201cOrang yang berpindah untuk mencari peluang,\u201d menjadi awal terbentuknya \u201clingkaran setan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>BERGERAK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jika migrasi tradisional musiman bersifat sementara, pola migrasi baru lebih membebani bentang alam dan populasi yang ada, kata Stephen O\u2019Brien, Wakil Sekretaris Jenderal Koordinator Urusan Kemanusiaan dan Bantuan Darurat di Kantor Koordinasi Kemanusiaan Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa.<\/p>\n<div class='short-image short-image--left'>\n\t\t\t\t<a class='fancybox-image GTMshortImage' href='' target='_self'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__thumb'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src='' width='260'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__type'><h3><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class='short-image__title'><h4><\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\u201cApa yang berubah adalah sebagian besarnya malah menjadi melarat,\u201d kata O\u2019Brien. \u201cSebagian kemelaratan itu adalah kegagalan politis, walaupun banyak disebabkan oleh beban dari upaya mencari keseimbangan antara sumber daya iklim dan kemampuannya menyokong kehidupan manusia.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bahkan ketika masalah ini semakin besar, menurut Caballero, untuk sekadar menarik perhatian yang cukup juga tidak mudah.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSebagai Direktur Senior Lingkungan dan Sumber Daya Alam, Saya sendiri berulangkali harus menjelaskan bahwa lingkungan tidak hanya soal katak ini, ikan itu atau soal seekor beruang panda. Bahwa ini pada intinya benar-benar soal manusia,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>Kemiskinan parah mendorong migrasi ke lingkungan yang makin marjinal, kata Antoinette Macumi, Penasihat Menteri Air, Lingkungan, Lahan dan Tata Kota di Burundi. Misalnya, banyak petani terdorong ke areal lahan miring dan lembah rentan banjir di benua Afrika.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKuatnya ketergantungan populasi pada sumber daya alam \u2013 khususnya air dan tanah \u2013 berdampak pada keberlangsungan dan penghidupan para pendatang,\u201d kata Macumi.<\/p>\n<div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<p><strong>RESILIENSI MENJADI AMAT KRUSIAL<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pendekatan bentang alam menyajikan metodologi untuk menselaraskan kebutuhan manusia atas lahan, kata Baker.<\/p>\n<p>Pendekatan ini merupakan sebuah jalan untuk \u201cmengakui bahwa kita memerlukan pengembangan kota, kita perlu industri, kita perlu hutan, kita perlu lahan garapan dan semua itu harus selaras,\u201d tambahnya. \u201cTidak bisa satu lebih dominan di atas kerugian yang lain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dalam pandangan Djime Adoum, perencanaan bentang alam bahkan melangkah lebih jauh.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBentang alam bukan hanya sekadar kerangka kerja teknis,\u201d kata  Adoum, Sekretaris Eksekutif Komite Permanen Antarnegara untuk Pengendalian Kekeringan di Sahel (CILSS). \u201cPendekatan bentang alam juga menyatukan orang dalam sebuah meja dan menyepakati apa yang menjadi tujuan bersama.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Ia mencontohkan migrasi dari negara Sahelian kering seperti Nigeria dan Burkina Faso. Para migran tersebut tiba di negara pesisir Afrika Barat dan makin memperluas lahan terdegradasi di negara-negara tersebut.<\/p>\n<p>Menurut Adoum, Pantai Gading, Benin, Togo, dan Guinea juga terdampak oleh eksodus dari Sahel.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNegara-negara itu datang dan menyatakan, \u2018Tunggu sebentar. Ini makin coklat dan coklat, dan mulai tampak seperti Sahel.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>\u201cApa yang kemudian mereka lakukan? Mereka bergabung dengan CILSS\u201d untuk membantu mengelola migrasi dan membatasi dampak lingkungan. Adoum menyatakan, dengan bergabung ke CILSS, negara-negara tersebut memilih untuk \u201cduduk dan berbicara\u201d mencari solusi.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cKita telah melakukan hal yang membuat kita percaya bahwa kita bisa melakukannya lebih baik,\u201d kata Adoum.<\/p>\n<p>Untuk memperkaya diskusi, Baker memasukkan elemen manusia dan lingkungan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cResiliensi lahan sangat krusial bagi masyarakat yang bergantung padanya. Hanya itu sumber daya yang mereka miliki,\u201d katanya. \u201cLahan harus fungsional. Lahan harus produktif dan sehat agar mereka mampu beradaptasi.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Menyusul terjadinya perubahan pola migrasi akibat perubahan iklim, pada gilirannya meningkatkan tekanan terhadap keterbatasan lahan dan sumber daya alam, para pakar di sebuah konferensi global menyerukan peningkatan fokus pada resiliensi dan pendekatan holistik sebagai cara menghindari konflik. \u201cMigrasi lingkungan bukanlah bentuk baru migrasi. Perubahan iklim yang membuatnya berbeda,\u201d kata Paula Caballero, Direktur Senior Bank Dunia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":208,"featured_media":39103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,173,13,1072],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12245,12215],"tag-bahasa":[2446,6349,2587,6346,6348,6347,2589,2586,6350,2584],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3086],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[5295],"class_list":["post-39095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-gender-justice-tenure","category-governance","category-landscapes","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-africa","location-global","tag-bahasa-2015-forum-bentang-alam-global","tag-bahasa-antoinette-macumi","tag-bahasa-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-djime-adoum","tag-bahasa-imigrasi","tag-bahasa-louise-baker","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-pendekatan-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-stephen-obrien","tag-bahasa-tata-guna-lahan","type-bahasa-peliputan-acara"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Perubahan iklim merubah pola migrasi di Afrika - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/39095\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Perubahan iklim merubah pola migrasi di Afrika\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Menyusul terjadinya perubahan pola migrasi akibat perubahan iklim, pada gilirannya meningkatkan tekanan terhadap keterbatasan lahan dan sumber daya alam, para pakar di sebuah konferensi global menyerukan peningkatan fokus pada resiliensi dan pendekatan holistik sebagai cara menghindari konflik. \u201cMigrasi lingkungan bukanlah bentuk baru migrasi. Perubahan iklim yang membuatnya berbeda,\u201d kata Paula Caballero, Direktur Senior Bank Dunia [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/39095\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-07T07:34:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-02-07T08:51:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Banana-harvest.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"John Cannon\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/39095\\\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/39095\\\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"John Cannon\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/92576f4c5a522b0efa0298f75b032760\"},\"headline\":\"Perubahan iklim merubah pola migrasi di Afrika\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-01-07T07:34:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-02-07T08:51:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/39095\\\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika\"},\"wordCount\":581,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/39095\\\/perubahan-iklim-merubah-pola-migrasi-di-afrika#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/Banana-harvest.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Community forestry\",\"Gender, justice &amp; 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