{"id":36494,"date":"2015-10-23T17:20:19","date_gmt":"2015-10-23T10:20:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=36494"},"modified":"2015-11-10T15:26:55","modified_gmt":"2015-11-10T08:26:55","slug":"awas-jangan-dihirup-tim-peneliti-mencari-tahu-dampak-asap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/36494\/awas-jangan-dihirup-tim-peneliti-mencari-tahu-dampak-asap","title":{"rendered":"Awas jangan dihirup: Tim peneliti mencari tahu dampak kabut asap"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kebakaran lahan terjadi hampir di seluruh Indonesia, menimbulkan kabut berbahaya, terlebih juga menimbulkan kerusakan parah bagi lingkungan, fauna serta masyarakat yang tak pernah dibayangkan sebelumnya. Sementara kebakaran lahan saat ini terfokus di Sumatera \u2013 yang dampaknya telah melampui Singapura dan Malaysia \u2013 propinsi Kalimantan Tengah, tengah mengalami krisis yang lebih besar.<\/p>\n<div class='short-video sv_new short-video--left' >\n            <a class='short-video-trigger GTMshortVideo' href='#' data-video-url=''>\n                <div class='short-video__thumb'>\n                    <img src='' width='260' alt=''>\n                    <div class='short-video__icon'><i class='fa fa-play-circle-o'><\/i><\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='short-video__type'><\/div>\n                <div class='short-video__title'><\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n<p>Dikenal sebagai \u201cparu-paru dunia\u201d, hutan hujan tropis dan lahan gambut Kalimantan berjuang bernapas di sela-sela semburan asap besar ke udara, dan di tengah-tengah kejadian kebakaran selama kurang lebih 20 tahun. Meski ada upaya-upaya besar memadamkan api, El Nino kering terjadi tahun ini, tak ada yang mampu mengatakan kapan bencana kebakaran akan berlalu dan udara bisa kembali bersih.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17676\/tj-soal-kebakaran-dan-asap-di-asia-tenggara?fnl=id\">Penyebab kebakaran lahan amatlah beragam dan komplek<\/a>. Para peneliti menganalisa aspek ekonomi sosial dan politik serta dampak-dampak biofisik untuk <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/32886\/politik-ekonomi-kebakaran-dan-asap-melangkah-ke-solusi-jangka-panjang?fnl=id\">solusi pencegahan jangka panjang yang memerlukan suatu strategi jelas<\/a>, dengan masukan dari pihak-pihak yang terlibat.<\/p>\n<p>Berpijak dari kebutuhan tersebut, riset dan data-data \u2013 data kuat diperlukan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAmat penting bagi semua negara pada umumnya menengarai apa yang tengah terjadi,\u201d kata Louis Verchot, Direktur Riset Hutan dan Lingkungan CIFOR.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika Anda tidak bisa mengukur dampak, Anda tidak akan tahu seberapa besar masalah yang Anda hadapi.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>PENGUKURAN DAMPAK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Louis Verchot adalah satu dari 10 peneliti yang melakukan kajian lapang di Palangka Raya, pertengahan Oktober lalu, bagian dari lokakarya dengan mitra lokal.  Lokakarya ini dipimpin oleh Daniel Murdiyarso, peneliti senior CIFOR.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPelatihan ini bekerja sama dengan Universitas Palangka Raya, Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Kehutanan, dan lembaga riset lokal,\u201d kata Daniel Murdiyarso.<\/p>\n<div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<p>\u201cKami berharap pengetahuan \u2013 termasuk masalah teknis, bagaimana mengatasi situasi ini \u2013 bisa dihasilkan dari pelatihan ini. Dalam jangka panjang \u2013 para peneliti bisa terus bekerja sama dengan kami.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Mahasiswa yang ikut dalam lokakarya ini bisa belajar bagaimana mengukur dampak kebakaran lahan di atmosfir. Para peneliti membawa sejumlah peralatan untuk mengukur kedalaman dan perubahan elevasi permukaan lahan gambut, mengukur komponen asap dan gas, serta mengambil gambar titik-titik panas di kawasan dari udara.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSaya optimis, jika data \u2013 data ini terbukti akurat, dapat mendukung kebijakan-kebijakan terkait manajemen lingkungan di Kalimantan Tengah,\u201d kata Hendrik Segah, peneliti sumber daya alam dan penginderaan jarak jauh dari universitas Palangka Raya.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cSebagai contoh, data menunjukkan tingkat nyata CO2, gas metana dan partikel-partikel lain \u2013 informasi terbaru ini akan membantu pemerintah  mengatasi kejadian-kejadian luar biasa seperti kebakaran yang kita lihat sekarang.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>SETIAP HELA NAPAS YANG ANDA HIRUP<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sebagai bagian pelatihan, tim riset mengukur tingkat gas dan partikel asap di udara \u2013 termasuk partikel-partikel yang bisa masuk ke sistem pernapasan manusia \u2013 untuk mengerti keberagaman dampak kesehatan manusia.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTerjadi kompleksitas bencana asap di berbagai tempat,\u201d kata Martin Wooster, Professor dari lembaga Riset Observasi Bumi, Universitas King College London, Inggris.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika Anda berada di tempat ini tanpa masker, Anda bernapas memasukkan asap kedalam paru-paru, menurut pendapat saya, amatlah berbahaya bagi kesehatan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sebutlah gas-gas berbahaya dari asap kebakaran lahan: ozon, karbon monoksida, sianida, amonia dan formaldehida.<\/p>\n<div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<p>Efek dari gas terhadap kesehatan manusia antara lain: sakit kepala, pusing, bronkitis akut, asma, pneumonia, dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Dampak jangka panjang bagi masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah yang menghirup asap ini belum diketahui. Namun, mengingat tingkat racun yang berhasil diukur selama pelatihan, para peneliti mengkhawatirkan akan dampak yang lebih besar daripada yang diantisipasi.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSelama 10 tahun, saya telah mengunjungi beberapa lokasi pembakaran biomassa dan melakukan riset di lokasi. Saya percaya situasi kebakaran ini adalah yang terburuk dari yang pernah saya hadapi,\u201d papar Martin Wooster.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDi sini Anda bisa melihat tanah terbakar bersamaan dengan vegetasi di atasnya, seperti tanaman pakis dan lain-lain yang mudah terbakar, bukan tanaman asli hutan.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<p>Menurut Martin Wooster, secara normal, pengukuran karbondioksida tercatat satu unit per juta (<em>parts per million-ppm<\/em>). Di Kalimantan Tengah, ia mengukur 30 ppm \u2013 lokasinya di dalam hotel tempat lokakarya dilaksanakan , lima kilometer dari kebakaran terdekat.<\/p>\n<p>Pada akhirnya, menurut Louis Verchot, masalah ini adalah ulah tangan manusia dan teknologi belum tentu bisa memperbaikinya. Peran sains dalam isu ini adalah menggunakan data-data nyata untuk memacu masyarakat dan pembuat kebijakan ikut serta dalam aksi \u2013 memulai rencana pencegahan dari akar tapak, katanya menambahkan.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cTapi saya pikir yang nyata yaitu dampak ekonomi dari kebakaran lahan \u2013 ketika Anda berhitung tentang dampak kesehatan, ketika Anda berhitung dampaknya bagi keanekaragaman hayati, ketika Anda berhitung dampaknya bagi tanah \u2013 apakah semuanya ini jauh melampui manfaat perluasan lahan untuk pertanian,\u201d kata Louis Verchot.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSaya pikir, inilah pesan-pesan yang dapat kami sampaikan secara benar.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kebakaran lahan terjadi hampir di seluruh Indonesia, menimbulkan kabut berbahaya, terlebih juga menimbulkan kerusakan parah bagi lingkungan, fauna serta masyarakat yang tak pernah dibayangkan sebelumnya. Sementara kebakaran lahan saat ini terfokus di Sumatera \u2013 yang dampaknya telah melampui Singapura dan Malaysia \u2013 propinsi Kalimantan Tengah, tengah mengalami krisis yang lebih besar. Dikenal sebagai \u201cparu-paru dunia\u201d, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":214,"featured_media":36514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[13,190],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2500,2548,2622,2554],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[6193],"class_list":["post-36494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-governance","category-peatlands","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-emisi-karbon","tag-bahasa-kebakaran-hutan","tag-bahasa-lahan-gambut","tag-bahasa-tata-kelola-hutan","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Awas jangan dihirup: Tim peneliti mencari tahu dampak kabut asap - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/36494\/awas-jangan-dihirup-tim-peneliti-mencari-tahu-dampak-asap\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Awas jangan dihirup: Tim peneliti mencari tahu dampak kabut asap\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kebakaran lahan terjadi hampir di seluruh Indonesia, menimbulkan kabut berbahaya, terlebih juga menimbulkan kerusakan parah bagi lingkungan, fauna serta masyarakat yang tak pernah dibayangkan sebelumnya. Sementara kebakaran lahan saat ini terfokus di Sumatera \u2013 yang dampaknya telah melampui Singapura dan Malaysia \u2013 propinsi Kalimantan Tengah, tengah mengalami krisis yang lebih besar. 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