{"id":28174,"date":"2015-04-29T16:29:19","date_gmt":"2015-04-29T09:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=28174"},"modified":"2015-10-13T13:40:17","modified_gmt":"2015-10-13T06:40:17","slug":"tumpahan-biogeokimia-pertanian-dan-dampaknya-bagi-hutan-di-sekitarnya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/28174\/tumpahan-biogeokimia-pertanian-dan-dampaknya-bagi-hutan-di-sekitarnya","title":{"rendered":"Tumpahan biogeokimia pertanian dan dampaknya bagi hutan di sekitarnya"},"content":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014Kegagalan memperhitungkan efek tumpahan pertanian ke wilayah tetangga di zona pertanian akan menimbulkan dampak terhadap variabel tanah, demikian laporan penelitian baru<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Penelitian, dilakukan di Distrik Waipa di pulau utara Selandia Baru, memeriksa wilayah yang mewakili \u201clahan cadangan,\u201d kombinasi area hutan kecil terisolasi atau sisa-sisa hutan yang berada dalam lahan yang digunakan untuk produksi kayu. Wilayah ini \u2013 biasanya dua hingga 16 hektar \u2013 mewakili sisa-sia habitat alami dalam bentang alam pertanian dataran rendah.<\/p>\n

Penulis melaporkan bahwa lahan pertanian intensif tampak memberi dampak besar pada sifat tanah di wilayah hutan tersebut, terpisah dari perbedaan alami lain yang mungkin terjadi di jenis lahan yang sebelumnya di konversi menjadi lahan pertanian. Mereka menemukan bahwa perubahan \u201cpervasif\u201d sifat lahan di wilayah tempat pertanian intensif terjadi, kandungan tinggi nitrogen, fosfor, uranium, dan kadmium ditemukan. Penulis menemukan bahwa ketika sisa hutan dipagari atau \u201cdisisakan\u201d untuk tujuan konservasi dan akses ternak dicegah, limpahan unsur hara melalui kali pembuangan dan pemupukan melalui udara menyebabkan efek substansial lebih dari batas-batas pagar.<\/p>\n

Riset Lengkap tersedia di:<\/b><\/p>\n

Intensifikasi pertanian memperburuk dampak limpahan biogeokimia tanah di sisa hutan terdekat<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Ketika pertanian dilakukan lebih intensif, potensi tumpahan kimia yang digunakan semakin banyak. Tumpahan tersebut \u2013 khususnya dari nitrogen dan fosfor dalam pupuk \u2013 tidak hanya mempengaruhi ujung batas hutan asli, walaupun paling banyak terkonsentrasi di wilayah tersebut.<\/p>\n

\u201cMenghargai debat lahan cadangan, tidak ada uji langsung efek ketukan atau \u201cefek tumpahan\u201d praktik pertanian intensif dan terkait pemberian pupuk skala besar,\u201d kata Liz Deakin, peneliti post-doctoral Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR)<\/a> dan salah seorang penulis penelitian. \u201cDari perspektif konservasi, kami punya bukti bahwa lahan cadangan tidak menjadi peluru perak rekonsiliasi produksi dan menjaga ketahanan hutan. Nilai tukarnya cukup tinggi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dari perspektif konservasi kami punya bukti bahwa lahan cadangan tidak menjadi peluru perak merekonsiliasi produksi dan menjaga ketahanan hutan karena pertukarannya cukup tinggi. <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nilai tukar tersebut, menurut Deakin, mencakup pertimbangan finansial bagi petani saat melakukan intensifikasi, kehilangan nitrogen dari pupuk yang masuk wilayah sisa hutan terdekat. Pupuk itu mahal. Mengurangi tumpahan unsur hara, dengan memperkenalkan efisiensi produksi akan meningkatkan keuntungan dan mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan.<\/p>\n

\u201cPenelitian ini menjadi lampu merah,\u201d kata Deakin. \u201cGagasan pertanian intensif untuk mengembangkan lebih banyak pangan untuk pemenuhan konsumsi tanpa pengorbanan wilayah lain tidak berhasil. Perlu ada kombinasi praktik yang berbeda dari yang sekarang dipraktikkan, menuju ke arah lestari.\u201d<\/p>\n

JALAN BARU: ZONA PENYANGGA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kemungkinan yang ditawarkan antara lain penerapan zona penyangga vegetasi, dan Deakin menunjuk bahwa banyak usaha telah dilakukan pada zona penyangga akuatik, untuk mencegah tumpahan dari lahan ke air.<\/p>\n

Biarpun zona penyangga vegetasi jarang, terdapat prinsip serupa dan potensi memberi manfaat lain seperti berkurangnya efek batas mikro iklim pada tanaman dan hewan.<\/p>\n

Penelitian ini adalah lampu merah. Gagasan pertanian intensif mengembangkan lebih banyak pangan untuk menyuapi lebih banyak orang tanpa pengorbanan di wilayah lain tidak akan berhasil<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u201cSetiap pekerjaan yang telah dilakukan mengenai tumpahan dari pertanian intensif ke sistem alami dilakukan dalam sistem akuatik. Tidak ada di dunia yang dilakukan di sistem permukaan tanah, jadi ini penelitian baru,\u201d kata Deakin, mengakui bahwa zona penyangga bisa hanya menjadi bagian mitigasi polusi.<\/p>\n

Sementara petani bekerja keras menciptakan manfaat peningkatan panen dari lahan mereka, tidak ada keberatan terhadap meningkatnya skala tumpahan ternak dan unsur hara dari wilayah pertanian ke habitat alam tetangga.<\/p>\n

Kegagalan menghitung bagaimana buangan pertanian mempengaruhi lahan sekitar wilayah pertanian intensif, kata Deakin memperingatkan, bisa memberi dampak substansial terhadap keragaman hayati dan penyediaan jasa lingkungan.<\/p>\n

Sementara meningkatnya panen dari pertanian intensif meningkatkan penghasilan dan produksi pangan, lebih banyak penelitian diperlukan, lanjut Deakin, untuk menentukan seberapa besar kerugian habitat alam di sekitar pertanian.<\/p>\n

Untuk informasi lebih mengenai topik penelitan, silahkan hubungi Liz Deakin di <\/strong>l.deakin@cgiar.org<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pendanaan penelitian ini didukung oleh <\/em>Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden grant.<\/em><\/a> Riset CIFOR terkait hutan dan pertanian merupakan bagian dari <\/em>Program Penelitian CGIAR mengenai Hutan, Pohon dan Agroforestri<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014Kegagalan memperhitungkan efek tumpahan pertanian ke wilayah tetangga di zona pertanian akan menimbulkan dampak terhadap variabel tanah, demikian laporan penelitian baru. Penelitian, dilakukan di Distrik Waipa di pulau utara Selandia Baru, memeriksa wilayah yang mewakili \u201clahan cadangan,\u201d kombinasi area hutan kecil terisolasi atau sisa-sisa hutan yang berada dalam lahan yang digunakan untuk produksi kayu. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":27907,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[137,95,1072],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12249],"tag-bahasa":[2520,3914,2480,2546],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1942],"class_list":["post-28174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forest-management-restoration","category-human-wellbeing","category-landscapes","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-new-zealand","tag-bahasa-konservasi","tag-bahasa-liz-deakin","tag-bahasa-pertanian","tag-bahasa-pupuk","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTumpahan biogeokimia pertanian dan dampaknya bagi hutan di sekitarnya - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/28174\/tumpahan-biogeokimia-pertanian-dan-dampaknya-bagi-hutan-di-sekitarnya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tumpahan biogeokimia pertanian dan dampaknya bagi hutan di sekitarnya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014Kegagalan memperhitungkan efek tumpahan pertanian ke wilayah tetangga di zona pertanian akan menimbulkan dampak terhadap variabel tanah, demikian laporan penelitian baru. 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