{"id":25751,"date":"2014-12-08T17:15:50","date_gmt":"2014-12-08T10:15:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=25751"},"modified":"2015-10-13T15:36:32","modified_gmt":"2015-10-13T08:36:32","slug":"karbon-101-berhadapan-dengan-suatu-topik-rumit-ilmuwan-harus-kreatif","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/25751\/karbon-101-berhadapan-dengan-suatu-topik-rumit-ilmuwan-harus-kreatif","title":{"rendered":"Karbon 101: Berhadapan dengan suatu topik rumit, ilmuwan harus kreatif"},"content":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014 Diharapkan akan menjadi topik utama di pembicaraan iklim PBB di Lima : bagaimana memastikan berbagai proyek mitigasi perubahan iklim di hutan-hutan tropis akan mengamankan hak-hak dan prioritas masyarakat lokal, tempat proyek-proyek berlangsung.<\/p>\n

Hal ini termasuk menjadikan penduduk setempat sebagai peserta aktif<\/a> dalam usaha memantau dan melaporkan stok karbon yang tersimpan di hutan-hutan mereka.<\/p>\n

Namun, ada sebuah masalah kecil: Bagi penduduk yang tinggal di hutan pedesaan, sedikit sulit membantu mengukur karbon bila masyarakat tidak memahami apakah sebenarnya hal ini, atau bagaimana hal ini bisa mempengaruhi mereka.<\/p>\n

Masalah ini kerap berulang terjadi bagi para ilmuwan ketika melakukan penelitian semacam ini di masyarakat hutan Indonesia terkait inisiatif REDD+<\/a> (Reduksi Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan), yang di antaranya berusaha menyediakan insentif finansial untuk menghindari emisi karbon melalui pengurangan deforestasi.<\/p>\n

Seringkali [penduduk setempat] mengatakan, ”Lihat, sebelum kami mengatakan ya atau tidak, kami ingin <\/em>tahu <\/em>lebih <\/em>lengkap<\/em> tentang <\/em>apa<\/em> itu <\/em>karbon.’<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

“Ketika kami pergi ke lapangan dan kami ingin mempresentasikan pekerjaan kami kepada para penduduk desa dan staf pemerintahan setempat, kami tidak ingin berbohong dan mengatakan, ‘Oh, ini tentang pengelolaan hutan,'” ujar Manuel Boissi\u00e8re, seorang ilmuwan di Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR) dan Agricultural Research Center for International Development (CIRAD). “Tidak, kami sedang berbicara tentang REDD+ dan kami berbicara tentang karbon, jadi kami harus jelas tentang hal tersebut.”<\/p>\n

Boissi\u00e8re memimpin proyek Pemantauan, Pelaporan dan Verifikasi Partisipatif (PMRV)<\/a>, yang menyelidiki dalam kondisi bagaimanakah masyarakat hutan dapat berpartisipasi dalam inisiatif mitigasi iklim dengan memberikan masukan dan mengambil bagian dalam pengambilan keputusan yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan lahan. Pekerjaan lapangan untuk proyek tersebut memerlukan komunikasi intensif antara para peneliti dan masyarakat setempat.<\/p>\n

“Ketika kami pergi ke Papua [untuk melakukan pekerjaan lapangan], setiap kali kami masuk ke sebuah desa, kami menjelaskan tentang penelitian kami dalam pertemuan dengan penduduk,” ujar Manuel. “Sehingga mereka mengetahui apa yang sedang kami kerjakan. Kemudian kami minta otorisasi dari penduduk setempat untuk melakukan penelitian kami, dan terserah kepada mereka untuk mengizinkan atau tidak.”<\/p>\n

Ada kesamaan sikap menahan diri dalam pertemuan-pertemuan ini, ujarnya.<\/p>\n

“Seringkali [penduduk setempat] mengatakan, ”Lihat, sebelum kami mengatakan ya atau tidak kepada Anda, kami ingin mengetahui lebih jauh mengenai apakah karbon ini.’ ”<\/p>\n

Hal yang sama terjadi pada berbagai pertemuan di lokasi-lokasi proyek lainnya, di Jawa dan di Kalimantan, karena penduduk desa secara konsisten menanyakan: “Apakah karbon itu?”<\/p>\n

KARBON ADALAH…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Manuel Boissi\u00e8re dan timnya harus memikirkan bagaimana menjelaskan ini dengan cara yang sederhana.<\/p>\n

Ternyata lebih sulit dari yang diperkirakan. Siklus karbon, hubungannya dengan hutan, dan dampaknya pada perubahan iklim merupakan masalah panjang dan rumit yang tidak dapat dijelaskan dengan mudah kepada para pemangku kepentingan yang berbeda (termasuk masyarakat pedesaan) dengan tingkat pendidikan yang berbeda-beda– dan cara berpikir yang berbeda-beda tentang lingkungan hidup.<\/p>\n

Untuk menjembatani kesenjangan ini, Manuel Boissi\u00e8re beserta tim kerja memberikan berbagai pelatihan pendek dan membagikan buku-buku untuk membantu menjelaskan ilmu ini, ternyata itu tidak cukup. Tim tersebut mendapat gagasan untuk membuat poster — cara cepat dan sederhana untuk menyampaikan banyak informasi bagi satu ruangan penuh orang secara sekaligus.<\/p>\n

Jadi tim tersebut bekerja membuat poster mereka sendiri, meminta kepada para pakar iklim di CIFOR dan seorang desainer grafis untuk mendasarkannya pada ilmu pengetahuan tetapi juga membuatnya mudah untuk dipahami dan menarik secara visual.<\/p>\n

Hasilnya: Sebuah poster yang menanyakan-dan mencoba menjawab–“Apakah karbon itu? Mengapa kita harus khawatir?”<\/a><\/p>\n

Tetapi, poster tersebut baru merupakan draf pertama, ujar Manuel Boissi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

“Pada saat ini poster masih dalam bahasa Inggris– kami akan menerjemahkannya ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan akan mengujinya dengan LSM lokal yang bekerja secara langsung dengan penduduk setempat,” ujarnya. “Tahap berikutnya para peneliti akan pergi ke lapangan, memberi penduduk poster cetak tersebut dan meminta masyarakat untuk menjelaskannya kepada penduduk desa dan melihat bagaimanakah tanggapan mereka, sehingga kami dapat memperbaiki versi yang sekarang.”<\/p>\n

Bahkan, timnya sedang meminta umpan balik dan saran tentang poster tersebut di situs PMRV CIFOR: cifor.org\/pmrv<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bukan hanya penduduk pedesaan yang dapat belajar dari poster ini, katanya lagi — pemerintah setempat, para pelajar, dan para ilmuwan yang tidak mengenal karbon dan perubahan iklim dapat memanfaatkannya.<\/p>\n

Manuel Boissi\u00e8re berharap poster tersebut akan tetap dapat dipergunakan sebagai sarana untuk CIFOR dan untuk berbagai organisasi lain, khususnya dengan perhatian yang lebih besar kepada aspek-aspek sosial REDD+<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Untuk informasi lebih jauh mengenai berbagai topik penelitian ini, silakan hubungi Manuel Boissiere di<\/strong> <\/strong>m.boissiere@cgiar.org<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Proyek P<\/em>MRV<\/em> CIFOR<\/em> berkolaborasi dengan CIRAD, didanai sebagian oleh USAID dan Norad, dan merupakan bagian dari <\/em>Program Penelitian CGIAR tentang Hutan, Pohon dan <\/em>Agroforestri<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014 Diharapkan akan menjadi topik utama di pembicaraan iklim PBB di Lima : bagaimana memastikan berbagai proyek mitigasi perubahan iklim di hutan-hutan tropis akan mengamankan hak-hak dan prioritas masyarakat lokal, tempat proyek-proyek berlangsung. Hal ini termasuk menjadikan penduduk setempat sebagai peserta aktif dalam usaha memantau dan melaporkan stok karbon yang tersimpan di hutan-hutan mereka. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":212,"featured_media":25544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,182,11],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[2454,2516,4198,2590,2604,2619],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[6162],"class_list":["post-25751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-community-forestry","category-mrv-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-cop20","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-manuel-boissiere","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-lokal","tag-bahasa-mitigasi","tag-bahasa-mrv-partisipatoris","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKarbon 101: Berhadapan dengan suatu topik rumit, ilmuwan harus kreatif - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/25751\/karbon-101-berhadapan-dengan-suatu-topik-rumit-ilmuwan-harus-kreatif\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Karbon 101: Berhadapan dengan suatu topik rumit, ilmuwan harus kreatif\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BOGOR, Indonesia\u2014 Diharapkan akan menjadi topik utama di pembicaraan iklim PBB di Lima : bagaimana memastikan berbagai proyek mitigasi perubahan iklim di hutan-hutan tropis akan mengamankan hak-hak dan prioritas masyarakat lokal, tempat proyek-proyek berlangsung. 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Hal ini termasuk menjadikan penduduk setempat sebagai peserta aktif dalam usaha memantau dan melaporkan stok karbon yang tersimpan di hutan-hutan mereka. 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