{"id":22801,"date":"2014-06-03T09:00:20","date_gmt":"2014-06-03T02:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=22801"},"modified":"2015-10-19T14:59:20","modified_gmt":"2015-10-19T07:59:20","slug":"hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22801\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi","title":{"rendered":"Hasil hutan yang tersembunyi, terkuantifikasi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ahli pembangunan telah lama menduga pendapatan dari hutan dan lingkungan alam lainnya begitu penting bagi jutaan orang miskin. Namun, apa yang tidak mereka ketahui adalah sejauh mana \u2013 tindakan pembangunan yang terkait dengan hutan dan penghidupan sebagian besar didasarkan pada data terfragmentasi. Seringkali, data pendapatan berbasis hutan disamakan dengan pertanian, jika itu dihitung.<\/p>\n<p>Hal itu bisa berubah. <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/4427.html?_ga=1.10611767.2037507436.1376965167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Studi global yang baru dirilis<\/a> dipimpin oleh Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan International (CIFOR) mengenai keterkaitan hubungan antara penghidupan dan lingkungan telah mengumpulkan banyak data \u2013 lebih dari 8.300 survei rumah tangga di 333 desa di 24 negara berkembang \u2013dan mengkonfirmasi beberapa kecurigaan serta membocorkan kebijaksanaan konvensional kami tentang pendapatan lingkungan. Penelitian tersebut, yang merupakan produk dari Jaringan Kemiskinan dan Lingkungan (<a href=\"\/\/cifor.org\/pen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">PEN<\/a>), menemukan bahwa masyarakat miskin perdesaan di dunia lebih bergantung pada sumber daya hutan dan lingkungan dari yang disadari.<\/p>\n<p>Di antara temuan tersebut adalah:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pendapatan dari hutan alam dan kawasan alam lainnya menyumbangkan rata-rata 28 persen dari total pendapatan rumah tangga, hampir sebanyak pertanian.<\/li>\n<li>Pria menghasilkan sedikitnya sebanyak yang dihasilkan perempuan dari hutan, bertentangan dengan asumsi lama.<\/li>\n<li>Hutan kurang penting dari yang diyakini sebelumnya sebagai &#8220;jaring pengaman&#8221; dalam menanggapi guncangan dan sebagai pengisi kesenjangan antara panen musiman.<\/li>\n<li>Hutan negara menghasilkan pendapatan yang lebih banyak daripada hutan swasta atau hutan masyarakat.<\/li>\n<li>Sementara petani miskin yang paling papa sering disalahkan karena penggundulan hutan, padahal mereka hanya memainkan peran sederhana dalam penggundulan hutan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bahkan sekitar 10.000 tahun setelah dimulainya Revolusi Pertanian, masyarakat perdesaan di negara berkembang masih sangat bergantung pada alam untuk mencari makan demi penghidupan mereka.<\/p>\n<p>Arti penting temuan ini tidak dapat disepelekan, karena besarnya sampel kami cukup representatif untuk keragaman kondisi desa di negara-negara berkembang \u2013 kecuali untuk beberapa desa hutan termiskin dan padat penduduk. Ukuran pendapatan yang dihasilkan dari alam liar \u2013 mulai dari produk seperti kayu bakar, kayu, daging, tanaman, dan sumber daya lainnya \u2013 sampai sekarang masih kurang didokumentasikan dan sebagian besar telah menghilang dari radar pembuat kebijakan. Sarana yang ada untuk menilai kemiskinan dan pendapatan \u2013 strategi pengurangan kemiskinan, Survei Studi Pengukuran Standar Hidup Bank Dunia (<a href=\"mailto:http:\/\/econ.worldbank.org\/WBSITE\/EXTERNAL\/EXTDEC\/EXTRESEARCH\/EXTLSMS\/0,,contentMDK:21610833~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:3358997,00.html\">LSMS<\/a>), sistem penghitungan pendapatan nasional \u2013 seringgagal menangkap dengan tepat pentingnya pendapatan dari sumber daya alam.<\/p>\n<p>Dengan demikian, nilai langsung alam terhadap penghidupan masyarakat miskin desa di dunia sebagian besar tetap tak terlihat.<\/p>\n<p>Mengukur kontribusi pendapatan lingkungan terhadap portofolio pendapatan total sangat penting untuk memahami penghidupan masyarakat desa, juga tingkat serta penentu kemiskinan dan ketidakadilan. Kita juga tahu tentang berapa banyak kehilangan masyarakat desa jika mereka kehilangan akses ke hutan, atau jika hutan rusak atau diubah fungsinya.<\/p>\n<p>Terkait dengan debat iklim, temuan ini menunjukkan ada manfaat penting lokal menjaga tutupan hutan serta potensi untuk mitigasi iklim dan manfaat penghidupan bisa lebih besar dari yang diasumsikan.<\/p>\n<p>Mengabaikan besaran &#8220;panen tersembunyi&#8221; dari hutan dan lingkungan berisiko menimbulkan kebijakan atau reformasi yang melucuti masyarakat lokal dari akses ke sumber daya ekstraktif \u2013 terlebih, intervensi kebijakan dimaksudkan untuk mengatasi kemiskinan melalui peningkatan akses pasar dan integrasi dapat merusak upaya konservasi hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Mengingat salah satu temuan penting penelitian ini \u2013orang dengan pendapatan yang relatif lebih tinggi bertanggung jawab lebih besar atas deforestasi dan ekstraksi hasil hutan daripada masyarakat termiskin \u2013 peningkatan aset dan pendapatan rumah tangga desa dapat menjadi sarana meningkatkan penggundulan dan penggunaan hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Temuan ini akan memberikan titik acuan bagi studi masa depan, dengan makalah (diterbitkan dalam edisi khusus Pembangunan Dunia) yang akan segera tersedia untuk umum di situs PEN, <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/pen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">cifor.org\/pen<\/a>. Temuan ini juga dapat digunakan untuk merancang survei negara spesifik yang dapat menjelaskan gambaran penuh soal pendapatan lingkungan di daerah tertentu dengan berfokus pada produk-produk lokal yang paling penting.<\/p>\n<p>Berdasarkan hasil PEN dan pengalaman metodologis, CIFOR saat ini bekerja dengan Bank Dunia, Organisasi Pangan dan Pertanian PBB (FAO), serta mitra lainnya untuk memperkuat statistik kehutanan di Survei Studi Pengukuran Standar Hidup Bank Dunia (LSMS). Tujuan LSMS adalah untuk meningkatkan jenis dan kualitas data rumah tangga yang dikumpulkan oleh kantor statistik di negara berkembang, guna mendorong peningkatan penggunaan data rumah tangga sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan tentang kebijakan yang memengaruhi kesejahteraan manusia.<\/p>\n<p>Proyek PEN dengan metode, kumpulan dan temuan datanya dapat memacu perubahan besar dalam bagaimana peneliti, praktisi pembangunan, dan pembuat kebijakan berpikir tentang nilai hutan bagi jutaan orang di seluruh dunia. Hanya menghitung nilai produk yang disediakan secara bebas oleh alam tidak akan dengan sendirinya mengubah kehidupan orang miskin, tetapi menggabungkan mereka dalam pembuatan kebijakan dapat membantu merancang dan menerapkan kebijakan yang meningkatkan taraf kehidupan mereka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ahli pembangunan telah lama menduga pendapatan dari hutan dan lingkungan alam lainnya begitu penting bagi jutaan orang miskin. Namun, apa yang tidak mereka ketahui adalah sejauh mana \u2013 tindakan pembangunan yang terkait dengan hutan dan penghidupan sebagian besar didasarkan pada data terfragmentasi. Seringkali, data pendapatan berbasis hutan disamakan dengan pertanian, jika itu dihitung. Hal itu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":36272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,161,95],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[2522,2954,2516,2589],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[228,1486,242],"class_list":["post-22801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-deforestation","category-human-wellbeing","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-jaringan-kemiskinan-dan-lingkungan","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","type-bahasa-analisis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hasil hutan yang tersembunyi, terkuantifikasi - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22801\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hasil hutan yang tersembunyi, terkuantifikasi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ahli pembangunan telah lama menduga pendapatan dari hutan dan lingkungan alam lainnya begitu penting bagi jutaan orang miskin. Namun, apa yang tidak mereka ketahui adalah sejauh mana \u2013 tindakan pembangunan yang terkait dengan hutan dan penghidupan sebagian besar didasarkan pada data terfragmentasi. Seringkali, data pendapatan berbasis hutan disamakan dengan pertanian, jika itu dihitung. Hal itu [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22801\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-06-03T02:00:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-19T07:59:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/RS4511_Jatropha_5594198137_o-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1702\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Arild Angelsen, Nick Hogarth, Sven Wunder\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@AAngelsen\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Arild Angelsen\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e8a02f9b9854eda6fad352890b94872d\"},\"headline\":\"Hasil hutan yang tersembunyi, terkuantifikasi\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-06-03T02:00:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-19T07:59:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\"},\"wordCount\":711,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/06\\\/RS4511_Jatropha_5594198137_o-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Community forestry\",\"Deforestation\",\"Human well-being\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2014\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\",\"name\":\"Hasil hutan yang tersembunyi, terkuantifikasi - Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/06\\\/RS4511_Jatropha_5594198137_o-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-06-03T02:00:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-19T07:59:20+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22801\\\/hasil-hutan-yang-tersembunyi-terkuantifikasi#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/06\\\/RS4511_Jatropha_5594198137_o-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/06\\\/RS4511_Jatropha_5594198137_o-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1702,\"caption\":\"Seorang petani di Zambia utara mengulurkan tanaman jarak pagarnya. 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