{"id":22628,"date":"2014-05-21T10:00:02","date_gmt":"2014-05-21T03:00:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=22628"},"modified":"2018-02-07T16:09:06","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T09:09:06","slug":"rencana-perkebunan-kelapa-sawit-di-papua-mungkin-akan-lebih-menguntungkan-para-migran-ketimbang-penduduk-lokal-laporan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22628\/rencana-perkebunan-kelapa-sawit-di-papua-mungkin-akan-lebih-menguntungkan-para-migran-ketimbang-penduduk-lokal-laporan","title":{"rendered":"Rencana perkebunan sawit di Papua mungkin akan lebih menguntungkan para migran : studi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Catatan editor:<\/em><\/strong> Industri kelapa sawit merupakan tema kunci diskusi dalam Pertemuan Puncak Forests Asia, 5-6 Mei di Jakarta. Sebuah forum diskusi akan diselenggarakan dalam acara tersebut, Improving private sector and smallholder participation and performance in sustainable oil palm development<\/strong><\/a> (Meningkatkan partisipasi dan performa sektor swasta dan petani kecil dalam pengembangan kelapa sawit), akan mengeksplorasi bagaimana performa sektor swasta terkait kepatuhan lingkungan hidup dan sosial dapat ditingkatkan secara lintas ranah untuk menghadapi tingginya deforestasi di negara-negara anggota ASEAN. <\/em><\/p>\n

BOGOR (21 Mei 2014) \u2013 Indonesia mungkin kehilangan sebuah kesempatan untuk meningkatkan keuntungan ekonomi-sosial bagi kaum miskin di provinsi bagian timur Papua kecuali jika mampu menciptakan sebuah rencana untuk menangani disparsi yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan pesat dalam investasi kelapa sawit, menurut laporan terkini.<\/p>\n

Produksi kelapa sawit dianggap sebagai sebuah sarana untuk mendorong peningkatan ekonomi, pengurangan kemiskinan dan peningkatan penghidupan lewat pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang terkait serta upah yang diberikan \u2013 namun tanpa perencanaan yang baik dan terintegrasi dengan kebijakan, penerima manfaat terbesar akan tetap diperoleh pemain kunci industri ini, ungkap sebuah laporan<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cPerbatasan ekspansi kelapa sawit harus dilakukan secara bertahap untuk memastikan kebutuhan kaum miskin benar-benar diperhitungkan,\u201d ujar Krystof Obidzinki, seorang peneliti senior di Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).<\/p>\n

SEKTOR YANG BERHARGA <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indonesia adalah produsen minyak kelapa sawit (CPO) terbesar di dunia, terhitung 45% dari keluaran global, tulis sebuah laporan. Di tahun 2012, CPO Indonesia menghasilkan hampir $18 milyar pendapatan dari ekspor dan $2.8 milyar untuk pajak ekspor, menurut data Bank Indonesia, bank sentral di Indonesia.<\/p>\n

Kelapa sawit tidak hanya berkontribusi terhadap pembangunan infrastruktur, namun juga dianggap sebagai saran pengentasan kemiskinan penting di Indonesia, sebuah negara dimana dari 30juta penduduknya \u2013 15 persennya \u2013 berada di bawah garis kemiskinan, terang Obidzinski.<\/p>\n

Pemerintah merencanakan untuk menggandakan luas perkebunan kelapa sawit menjadi 4juta hektar (ha) dalam sepuluh tahun ke depan, lanjutnya, dan bahwa Papua adalah target utama ekspansi ini dikarenakan keterbatasan ketersediaan perkebunan kelapa sawit di wilayah lain seperti Kalimantan dan Sumatera. Sebagai bagian dari upaya pengembangan di perbatasan Papua, pada tahun 2010 pemerintah merancang inisiatif publik-swasta yang dinamakan Merauku Integrated Food and Energy Estate (Integrasi Perkebunan Pangan dan Energi Merauke) atau disingkat MIFEE, yang bertujuan untuk ekspansi pembangunan ekonomi dengan budidaya sumber pangan dan energi di dalam 1,2juta ha lokasi \u2013 dikurangi 2 juta ha setelah terjadinya kontroversi akibat munculnya potensi konflik sosial dan kerusakan lingkungan.<\/p>\n

MENINGKATKAN PENGHIDUPAN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Para peneliti menggunakan ekuasi matematis untuk mengevaluasi perkiraan pemerintah mengenai jumlah minyak sawit yang akan berkontribusi bagi perekonomian Papua, potensinya yang berkaitan dengan penciptaan pekerjaan dan proyeksi tingkat pendapatan dari pekerjaan-pekerjaan tersebut. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa volume peningkatan keluaran ekonomisnya di dalam kawasan akan menguntungkan sektor perkebunan, ketimbang yang diterima sektor lain maupun bagi stimulasi pertumbuhan.<\/p>\n

Kalkulasi menunjukkan bahwa dikarenakan kurangnya pengalaman mengenai sektor kelapa sawit dan konflik terhadap hak atas lahan, penduduk lokal Papua sepertinya tidak akan mendapat keuntungan dari kesempatan kerja seperti yang diproyeksikan pemerintah, mengingat akan meningkatnya para pekerja migran.<\/p>\n

\u201cTergantung pada skenario pengembangan perkebunan, analisis kami menunjukkan bahwa dari 10.000 hingga lebih dari 1juta pekerjaan akan dapat diciptakan,\u201d kata Obidzinski. \u2018Sayangnya, kebanyakan pekerjaan di perkebunan kelapa sawit membutuhkan pekerja tanpa keahlian sementara upah yang didapatkan tidak akan banyak membantu pendapatan keluarga tingkat bawah.\u201d<\/p>\n

Potensi akan konflik di dalam provinsi dapat meningkat dengan pengenalan pekerja asing dan dikarenakan perselisihan terkait hak tenurial lahan, ungkapnya.<\/p>\n

\u201cInvestor biasanya melakukan pembayaran one-off<\/em> yang artinya mereka membeli tanah, namun penduduk Papua tidak menyadarinya \u2013 mereka kerap yakin bahwa tanah mereka sedang disewa, bukan dijual dan bahwa mereka harus menerima kompensasi secara reguler,\u201d terangnya.<\/p>\n

Perkebunan kelapa sawit telah menyebabkan tingginya deforestasi \u2013 lebih dari 50 persen dari 8juta ha perkebunan produktif di Sumatera dan Kalimantan tengah mengalami deforestasi lahan, menurut Obidzinski.<\/p>\n

\u201cPemerintah harus berkomitmen untuk memastikan ekspansi perbatasan di Papua secara berkelanjutan \u2013 lahan nonhutan harus dimanfaatkan untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit untuk memastikan jejak karbon yang rendah,\u201d lanjut Obidzinski.<\/p>\n

\u201cImplementasi pengembangan perkebunan secara bertahap akan memberikan waktu bagi masyarakat lokal untuk mempersiapkan, menuju peningkatan penghidupan, berkurangnya tekanan dan lebih kecilnya konflik.\u201d<\/p>\n

Pekerjaan ini adalah bagian dari Penelitian CGIAR tentang Hutan, Pepohonan dan Agroforestri yang didanai oleh<\/em> U.S. Agency for International Development dan the Catholic Organisation for Relief and Development Aid.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut mengenai topik yang didiskusikan dalam tulisan ini, silakan menghubungi Krystof Obidzinski di <\/strong>k.obidzinski@cgiar.org<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Catatan editor: Industri kelapa sawit merupakan tema kunci diskusi dalam Pertemuan Puncak Forests Asia, 5-6 Mei di Jakarta. Sebuah forum diskusi akan diselenggarakan dalam acara tersebut, Improving private sector and smallholder participation and performance in sustainable oil palm development (Meningkatkan partisipasi dan performa sektor swasta dan petani kecil dalam pengembangan kelapa sawit), akan mengeksplorasi bagaimana […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":22631,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[161,137,173,13,95,184],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2522,2516,2616,2670,3246,2589,2788,2583],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[989],"class_list":["post-22628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-gender-justice-tenure","category-governance","category-human-wellbeing","category-value-chains-finance","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-kelapa-sawit","tag-bahasa-kepemilikan-dan-hak-atas-lahan","tag-bahasa-krystof-obidzinski","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-papua","tag-bahasa-tenaga-kerja","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRencana perkebunan sawit di Papua mungkin akan lebih menguntungkan para migran : studi - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22628\/rencana-perkebunan-kelapa-sawit-di-papua-mungkin-akan-lebih-menguntungkan-para-migran-ketimbang-penduduk-lokal-laporan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rencana perkebunan sawit di Papua mungkin akan lebih menguntungkan para migran : studi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Catatan editor: Industri kelapa sawit merupakan tema kunci diskusi dalam Pertemuan Puncak Forests Asia, 5-6 Mei di Jakarta. 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