{"id":22609,"date":"2014-05-19T17:59:38","date_gmt":"2014-05-19T10:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=22609"},"modified":"2015-10-19T14:40:30","modified_gmt":"2015-10-19T07:40:30","slug":"akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22609\/akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii","title":{"rendered":"Akankah tersedia cukup makanan? Beberapa pemikiran tentang laporan IPCC WGII"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar5\/wg2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Laporan Kelompok Kerja II IPCC<\/a> tentang Dampak Perubahan Iklim, Adaptasi dan Kerentanan dirilis awal April yang lalu. Sebuah upaya besar oleh kelompok yang terdiri dari lebih dari 300 ilmuwanini,menjadi salah satu penelitian terpenting bagi kita semua yang peduli terhadap masa depan kemanusiaan.<\/p>\n<p>Laporan ini penting karena beberapa alasan:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Menegaskan bahwa perubahan iklim akibat manusia semakin memengaruhi kita, dan buktinya jauh lebih kuat dari sebelumnya.<\/li>\n<li>Menciptakan platform pendanaan dan aksi untuk beradaptasi dengan perubahan tersebut.<\/li>\n<li>Menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi perubahan iklim adalah soal pengelolaan risiko dan perubahan risiko terkait variabilitas iklim dan perubahan iklim jangka panjang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Poin terakhir ini penting. Seluruh kegiatan manusia membawa unsur risiko dan laporan terfokus pada bagaimana perubahan iklim akan mengakibatkan risiko unik dan perubahan terhadap sumber risiko dalam jasa lingkungan berbeda dan sektor-sektor ekonomi, seperti ekosistem darat dan air tawar, keamanan pangan, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengambilan keputusan lokal.<\/p>\n<p>Saya membaca laporan IPCC dari perspektif ada dua proses PBB sedang menjalankan agenda masa depan kita bersama selama 12 bulan ke depan. Pada Desember 2015, berbagai negara bersiap mengadopsi kesepakatan iklim menyeluruh menggantikan Protokol Kyoto. Agenda pembangunan pasca-2015 dan proses Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan tengah berlangsung secara paralel.<\/p>\n<p>Seperti sudah saya katakan sebelumnya, kita memiliki kesempatan besar mengintegrasikan tindakan yang tercipta dalam dua proses ini. Laporan WGII memberikan dasar ilmiah yang dapat membantu kita menuju pendekatan terintegrasi.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam blog ini, saya berfokus pada isu pangan yang muncul dalam laporan WGII. Setelah dirilis, perhatian besar ditujukan kepada peningkatan risiko sistem pangan akibat perubahan iklim (misalnya <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-26810559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">di sini<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com\/2014-04-01\/news\/48767341_1_national-action-plan-climate-change-ipcc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">di sini<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/tto\/news\/world\/article4050233.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">di sini<\/a> dan <a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2014\/03\/23\/climate-change-damage-un-report_n_5016357.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">di sini<\/a>). Hal ini akhirnya menggeser isu pertanian dan pangan ke dalam perdebatan iklim, dan itu bagus. Sangat penting memiliki pengetahuan mendalam untuk mewarnai  perdebatanselanjutnya.<\/p>\n<p>Selanjutnya saya akan mengomentari bagaimana isu hutan dan kehutanan terintegrasi (atau tidak) dalam laporan.<\/p>\n<p>Bab 7 laporan &#8220;Ketahanan pangan dan sistem produksi pangan&#8221; dengan baik menunjukkan peningkatan risiko produksi pertanian akibat perubahan iklim \u2013 bahwa treniklim berdampak negatif terhadap gandum dan produksi jagung di berbagai daerah dan, dengan skala lebih kecil, produksi beras serta kedelai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dampak sangat bervariasi, dengan penurunan hasil panen 2% per dekade banyak dikutip di media.<\/p>\n<p>Pada saat yang sama, penting untuk melihat risiko perubahan iklim ini dalamkonteksnya. Selama 50 tahun terakhir, produktivitas pertanian telah <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/news\/story\/en\/item\/178138\/icode\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">meningkat tiga kali lipat<\/a> atau 1-2% <strong>per tahun<\/strong>. Tampaknya ada sedikit keraguan bahwa <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/site\/oecd-faoagriculturaloutlook\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">kecenderungan ini berlanjut<\/a> terkait teknologi baru, investasi lebih efektif, dan berkembangnya permintaan dan pasar.<\/p>\n<p>Namun, akan banyak <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/ncomms\/journal\/v3\/n12\/full\/ncomms2296.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">tantangan<\/a> \u2013 bukan saja menemukan cara untuk mengurangi dampak sistem pangan pada iklim dan lingkungan. Janganlah kita lupa bahwa sepertiga emisi berasal dari sektor berbasis lahan, terutama terkait dengan produksi pangan. Oleh karena itu, kita perlu berinovasi dan memperkuat investasi dalam penelitian dan pengembangan menuju pertanian cerdas-iklim serta lanskap berkelanjutan.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam konteks ini, beberapa refleksi dalam pertimbangan bisa berhubungan. Aksi terkait adaptasi, ketahanan, dan mengurangi kerentanan sebagian besar secara alamiah bersifat lokal dan akan memerlukan pengaturan penyesuaian prioritas di beragam lokasi, masyarakat, dan lanskap. Hal ini terutama berlaku untuk pertanian dan kehutanan di mana faktor-faktor ekonomi dan ekologi tertentu menentukan cara terbaik ke depan.<\/p>\n<p>Laporan IPCC jelas bersifat global, walaupunmemberi beberapa langkah untuk menuju prioritas lokal pada Volume II, informasi diberikan oleh wilayah, bahkan ini juga masih berada pada tingkat yang sangat umum.<\/p>\n<p>Pengambilan keputusan di tingkat nasional dan lokal memerlukan informasi lebih baik dan lebih spesifik lokasi mengenai aspek fisik perubahan iklim dan risiko terkait iklim. Unsur-unsur ini perlu diintegrasikan dengan penilaian dampak, adaptasi dan kajian manajemen risiko serta penilaian kerentanan. Selanjutnya, keputusan ini harus menyertakan ragam prioritas dan aspirasi lainnya. Pertimbangan perubahan iklim dapat dipandang sebagai unsur penting dalam semua keputusan menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan, di semua tingkat.<\/p>\n<p>Untuk alasan ini, penilaian kerentanan, dampak dan kebutuhan adaptasi tepat waktu dan kita semua akan memperoleh manfaat jika itu terintegrasi dengan baik dalam diskusi-diskusi yang berkembang seputar SDGs.<\/p>\n<p>Tahun berikutnya akan sangat penting dalam mencapai konvergensi antara perubahan iklim dan agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan. Laporan WGII sangat mendukung perlunya harmoni dua proses ini dan memberikan bukti dasar kuat untuk mengintegrasikan aksi terkait iklim ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi dengan prioritas politik lainnya.<\/p>\n<p>Saya sangat tidak setuju dengan beberapa spekulasi belakangan ini tentang kelaparan dan kebenaran-Malthus <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/04\/02\/business\/energy-environment\/a-200-year-old-forecast-for-food-scarcity-may-yet-come-true.html?_r=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">seperti yang disinggung oleh New York Times<\/a>. Lebih jauh lagi, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2014\/apr\/01\/climate-change-food-issue-ipcc-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">membingkai perubahan iklim sebagai isu pangan<\/a> seperti yang dilakukan Guardian mungkin tepat, tetapi juga bisa menempatkan sorotan politik ke tempat yang salah.<\/p>\n<p>Jika kita menjalankan prioritas yang tepat, berinvestasi dalam inovasi dan penelitian, serta memasukkan perubahan iklim dalam persamaan, saya yakin akan ada cukup makanan untuk semua.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Laporan Kelompok Kerja II IPCC tentang Dampak Perubahan Iklim, Adaptasi dan Kerentanan dirilis awal April yang lalu. Sebuah upaya besar oleh kelompok yang terdiri dari lebih dari 300 ilmuwanini,menjadi salah satu penelitian terpenting bagi kita semua yang peduli terhadap masa depan kemanusiaan. Laporan ini penting karena beberapa alasan: Menegaskan bahwa perubahan iklim akibat manusia semakin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":22612,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[182,188,137,95],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[2476,2516,2550,2589,2822],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[2967],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[680],"class_list":["post-22609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-forestry","category-food-and-diets","category-forest-management-restoration","category-human-wellbeing","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-adaptasi","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-ketahanan-pangan","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-tujuan-pembangunan-berkelanjutan","type-bahasa-kolom-dirjen"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Akankah tersedia cukup makanan? Beberapa pemikiran tentang laporan IPCC WGII - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22609\/akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Akankah tersedia cukup makanan? Beberapa pemikiran tentang laporan IPCC WGII\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Laporan Kelompok Kerja II IPCC tentang Dampak Perubahan Iklim, Adaptasi dan Kerentanan dirilis awal April yang lalu. Sebuah upaya besar oleh kelompok yang terdiri dari lebih dari 300 ilmuwanini,menjadi salah satu penelitian terpenting bagi kita semua yang peduli terhadap masa depan kemanusiaan. Laporan ini penting karena beberapa alasan: Menegaskan bahwa perubahan iklim akibat manusia semakin [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/22609\/akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-05-19T10:59:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-19T07:40:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Palm-nut-fruit-from-forest_Lubuk-Beringin-Jambi.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Peter Holmgren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22609\\\/akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/22609\\\/akankah-tersedia-cukup-makanan-beberapa-pemikiran-tentang-laporan-ipcc-wgii\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Peter Holmgren\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4c6a8d0ab7b85160a0d57a15381a8122\"},\"headline\":\"Akankah tersedia cukup makanan? 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