{"id":20664,"date":"2013-12-16T12:21:16","date_gmt":"2013-12-16T05:21:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20664"},"modified":"2018-02-07T16:48:47","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T09:48:47","slug":"ilmuwan-mendesak-kebijaksanaan-dalam-rancangan-sistem-tata-kelola-hutan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20664\/ilmuwan-mendesak-kebijaksanaan-dalam-rancangan-sistem-tata-kelola-hutan","title":{"rendered":"Ilmuwan mendesak kebijaksanaan dalam rancangan sistem tata kelola hutan"},"content":{"rendered":"

WARSAW, Polandia (16 Desember 2013) \u2014 Tata kelola hutan sering berarti menangani inkonsistensi manajemen lahan, pohon dan sumber daya, sebuah proses yang menjadi rumit akibat adanya interaksi antar pemerintah, sektor swasta dan masyarakat sipil, demikian menurut ilmuwan.<\/p>\n

Adanya standar dapat menjadi satu pendekatan untuk meningkatkan tata kelola, walaupun dalam banyak kasus, standar itu tetap menjadi standar sukarela internasional tanpa syarat kepatuhan \u2013 kita tahu dari pengalaman bahwa standar seperti itu sering dihindari,\u201d kata Andrew Wardell, direktur riset portofolio hutan dan tata kelola Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR).<\/p>\n

CIFOR, bekerja sama dengan Organisasi Persatuan Riset Hutan Internasional (IUFRO) dan Organisasi Pengembangan Hukum Internasional (IDLO), memimpin sebuah forum diskusi<\/a> dalam Forum Bentang Alam Global<\/a> di Warsawa, bersamaan dengan negosiasi kebijakan iklim internasional mengenai siapa mengelola hutan, bagaimana hutan dikelola dan dengan dampak apa.<\/p>\n

Diskusi terfokus pada apakah standar keberlanjutan dapat mendukung kerangka tata kelola terintegrasi, misalnya, dengan mengatur akses biofuel ke pasar Eropa atau menciptakan pengaman sosial dan lingkungan untuk mendampingi projek dukungan PBB, REDD+ (Reduksi Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan) di negara berkembang.<\/p>\n

Pengambil kebijakan membangun kerangka kerja untuk menjamin bahwa upaya konservasi hutan tidak malah berbalik mempengaruhi hak masyarakat lokal untuk mendapat insentif bantuan dari negara maju setelah membuktikan bahwa mereka mereduksi emisi karbon.<\/p>\n

MENGATUR PARAMETER<\/b><\/p>\n

Sebuah standar untuk tata kelola hutan dapat didefinisikan sebagai \u201cbatas tertentu atau praktik terbaik untuk dicapai,\u201d kata Caroline Haywood, pengacara perubahan iklim dan spesialis ekonomi hijau IDLO, yang membantu legislasi di negara berkembang.<\/p>\n

Kelompok ini tengah melakukan projek penelitian dalam kaitannya dengan fokus CIFOR untuk menciptakan kerangka kerja keberlanjutan investasi rendah-karbon.<\/p>\n

Standar Internasional seharusnya tetap seluas mungkin, sementara legislasi menjadi alat untuk menerapkannya dalam konteks spesifik, kata Haywood.<\/p>\n

Standar internasional \u201cadalah acuan bagus untuk melihat bagaimana negara menerapkan \u2013 sejenis standar emas tersebut,\u201d kata Renee Gift, spesialis Iklim IDLO.<\/p>\n

Ketika sebuah negara mengambil kebijakan, seseorang dapat menilai keragaman isu yang diatasi, sebagai tahap awal proses pembuatan hukum, katanya.<\/p>\n

Peneliti harus fokus pada hikmah pelajaran mengenai bagaimana upaya kebijakan tertentu didukung, kata Ben Cashore<\/a>, profesor tata kelola dan politik lingkungan Universitas Yale. \u201cTerdapat perbedaan ketika institusi mendapatkan otoritas yang mereka butuhkan untuk menjalankan kebijakan, dan isi standar yang mereka terapkan pada kebijakan itu,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n

Sejarah standar keberlanjutan dalam manajemen hutan dapat dilacak pada kegagalan upaya menandatangani Konvensi Hutan Global di awal 1990-an, kata Cashore.<\/p>\n

Pendukung manajemen hutan yang baik, setelahnya berbalik pada mekanisme berbasis pasar seperti sertifikasi kayu untuk mengatur kebijakan perdaganan. Bagaimanapun, standar pengukuran seperti itu tidak melingkupi seluruh produk hutan.<\/p>\n

\u201cSertifikasi itu terlalu kompleks dan terlalu mahal untuk usaha kecil dan menengah,\u201d kata Wardell.<\/p>\n

STRATEGI AGAR BERHASIL<\/b><\/p>\n

Wardell dan Cashore telah berkontribusi pada bagian utama literatur terbaru yang mengintepretasikan tata kelola hutan sebagai arena komplek yang harus diterapkan pada institusi tingkat global, nasional dan lokal.<\/p>\n

Kepentingan saat ini dalam verifikasi legal asal kayu dan memisahkan produk ilegal menempatkan pemerintah kembali sebagai pusat tata kelola hutan, kata Cashore.<\/p>\n

Kesepakatan Kemitraan Sukarela<\/a> baru Uni Eropa, yang memungkinan pengapalan kapal hanya dari negara yang memverifikasi ekspor mereka sesuai dengan hukum nasional mereka adalah satu contoh standar sukarela berubah menjadi dasar legal, kata Wardell \u2013 menambahkan bahwa terlalu dini untuk menyatakan bahwa ini adalah keberhasilan.<\/p>\n

Dukungan untuk proses verifikasi legal ini cukup mencolok, kata Cashor. \u201cIni karena pendekatannya bawah-atas, standar-rendah, melibatkan multi-level pemerintah,\u201d kata Cashore. Seharusnya saat ini ilmuwan menjelaskan apa motivasi di balik penerimaan meluas, yang bisa saja didorong oleh kepentingan sendiri: perusahaan legal melihat hal ini sebagai peluang untuk menghadapi persaingan dari penebang lebih kecil, ilegal; lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) lingkungan berharap melihat hasil lebih baik muncul dari aksi mereka melalui pendekatan ini; dan negara merdeka dapat menggunakannya untuk mengklaim kedaulatan, katanya.<\/p>\n

\u201cHanya ketika kita belajar mengapa tingkat standar tertentu menarik dukungan luas, kita dapat melihatnya lebih jauh,\u201d kat Cashore.<\/p>\n

Informasi lebih mengenai topik diskusi dalam artikel ini, silahkan kotank Andrew Wardell di <\/b>a.wardell@cgiar.org<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WARSAW, Polandia (16 Desember 2013) \u2014 Tata kelola hutan sering berarti menangani inkonsistensi manajemen lahan, pohon dan sumber daya, sebuah proses yang menjadi rumit akibat adanya interaksi antar pemerintah, sektor swasta dan masyarakat sipil, demikian menurut ilmuwan. Adanya standar dapat menjadi satu pendekatan untuk meningkatkan tata kelola, walaupun dalam banyak kasus, standar itu tetap menjadi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":97,"featured_media":36371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,137,173,13,180,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[2877,4799,4798,2522,2565,2670,4797,2564,2825,4806,2507,2554],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1041],"class_list":["post-20664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-gender-justice-tenure","category-governance","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-andrew-wardell","tag-bahasa-ben-cashore","tag-bahasa-caroline-haywood","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-ekonomi-hijau","tag-bahasa-kepemilikan-dan-hak-atas-lahan","tag-bahasa-organisasi-pengembangan-hukum-internasional","tag-bahasa-pemerintahan","tag-bahasa-perjanjian-kemitraan-sukarela","tag-bahasa-renee-gift","tag-bahasa-sertifikasi","tag-bahasa-tata-kelola-hutan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIlmuwan mendesak kebijaksanaan dalam rancangan sistem tata kelola hutan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20664\/ilmuwan-mendesak-kebijaksanaan-dalam-rancangan-sistem-tata-kelola-hutan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ilmuwan mendesak kebijaksanaan dalam rancangan sistem tata kelola hutan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WARSAW, Polandia (16 Desember 2013) \u2014 Tata kelola hutan sering berarti menangani inkonsistensi manajemen lahan, pohon dan sumber daya, sebuah proses yang menjadi rumit akibat adanya interaksi antar pemerintah, sektor swasta dan masyarakat sipil, demikian menurut ilmuwan. 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