{"id":20589,"date":"2013-12-05T11:49:54","date_gmt":"2013-12-05T04:49:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20589"},"modified":"2015-10-20T10:11:13","modified_gmt":"2015-10-20T03:11:13","slug":"ilmuwan-bergerak-cepat-dengan-adanya-pengakuan-lahan-gambut-bakau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20589\/ilmuwan-bergerak-cepat-dengan-adanya-pengakuan-lahan-gambut-bakau","title":{"rendered":"Ilmuwan bergerak cepat dengan adanya pengakuan lahan gambut dan bakau"},"content":{"rendered":"

WARSAWA, Polandia (5 Desember 2013) \u2013 Dengan diakuinya lahan gambut tropis dan hutan bakau sebagai bagian penting dalam memerangi perubahan iklim membuat para ilmuwan tidak membuang waktu lagi mendorong pemerintah agar mengembangkan panduan pengukuran, pelaporan, dan verifikasi (MRV) cadangan karbon dan emisi di dalam ekosistem tersebut.<\/p>\n

Sebulan sebelum perundingan iklim PBB dimulai<\/a> di Warsawa, Polandia, komite eksekutif Panel Antarpemerintah untuk Perubahan Iklim mengadopsi dan menerima apa yang dinamakan Wetlands Supplement<\/a> di Batumi, Georgia. Keputusan ini membuka jalan bagi negara berkembang untuk mengintegrasikan perlindungan lahan gambut tropis dan mangrove dengan strategi mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim negara masing-masing.<\/p>\n

\u201cLahan gambut tropis dan bakau menyimpan cadangan karbon sangat tinggi, salah satu di antara yang paling tinggi pada ekosistem di Bumi,\u201d kata Daniel Murdiyarso, ilmuwan utama di Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR).<\/p>\n

Pengakuan pentingnya ekositem ini sangat krusial karena cepatnya mereka menghilang akibat pertanian dan akuakultur, kata Murdiyarso. Saat rawa gambut dan mangrove kering, diubah, dan dibakar, cadangan karbon dalam jumlah banyak dilepaskan ke atmosfer, berkontribusi pada perubahan iklim.<\/p>\n

Mengubah lahan-lahan basah tersebut juga merusak jasa ekosistem yang berharga, seperti habitat spesies, kayu untuk kusen, dan perlindungan dari topan dan tsunami. Dengan demikian, ekosistem ini tidak hanya penting bagi mitigasi, tetapi juga adaptasi.<\/p>\n

Murdiyarso merupakan salah seorang dari para peneliti yang memberikan presentasi<\/a> di Konvensi Kerangka Kerja PBB tentang Perubahan Iklim (UNFCCC)\/Badan Subsider untuk Rekomendasi Ilmiah dan Teknologi \u2013lokakarya yang diselenggarakan di Bonn, Jerman, Oktober lalu, membahas tentang <\/b>\u201cekosistem dengan cadangan karbon tinggi\u201d dan bagaimana merealisasikan Wetlands Supplements.<\/p>\n

Salah satu bidang utama yang harus diselesaikan<\/a> terkait MRV, sama halnya dengan identifikasi (pemanfaatan lahan) aktivitas dan determinasi faktor-faktor emisi \u2013 adalah angka rata-rata emisi yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas tertentu seperti alih fungsi hutan menjadi lahan pertanian.<\/p>\n

Faktor emisi dipisahkan ke dalam tiga kategori: Tier-1 mengukur nilai standar yang dapat diterapkan di mana saja dan karenanya memberikan ketidakpastian, sedangkan Tier-2 secara khusus berasal dari negara, dan Tier-3 menggunakan perangkat canggih secara progresif sehingga memungkinkan model berbasis proses memperkirakan tingkat emisi di suatu negara.<\/p>\n

Di hilir, isu ini kemudian diperdebatkan dalam lokakarya pada bulan November di Jakarta, Indonesia, diselenggarakan oleh Unit Kerja Presiden untuk Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pembangunan (UKP4) dan Badan PBB untuk Koordinasi REDD+ di Indonesia (UNORCID) — fokus utama negara itu mengurangi emisi yang berasal dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan. Indonesia memiliki minat besar menangani kesenjangan pengukuran emisi, khususnya dari gambut. Alih fungsi hutan menjadi penyebab utama Indonesia berada pada peringkat ketiga penghasil emisi terbesar<\/a> CO2.<\/p>\n

Bagi Murdiyarso, lokakarya di Jakarta merupakan kesempatan meningkatkan kesadaran di antara delegasi perubahan iklim UNFCCC mengenai nilai ekosistem lahan gambut tropis. Dia juga berupaya menghubungkan titik-titik antara proses IPCC, UNFCCC, dan REDD+, yang semakin disadari bahwa MRV merupakan langkah penting mekanisme tersebut.<\/p>\n

\u201cPesan utama saya adalah Indonesia bisa memulai MRV-nya dengan mengadopsi metodologi IPCC untuk menghitung pelepasan gas rumah kaca dari lahan gambut yang kering dan dimulai saat ini,\u201d ujar Murdiyarso. Ilmuwan harus melakukan usaha lebih lanjut untuk mengukur kedalaman dan ketebalan gambut serta menghasilkan perkiraan volume gambut yang lebih akurat, katanya menambahkan.<\/p>\n

Emisi yang dihasilkan dari membakar gambut memerlukan riset lebih lanjut lainnya. Murdiyarso telah menjelaskan tentang hal ini dalam diskusi panel Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim di Paviliun Indonesia pada 14 November, pada saat perundingan iklim Warsawa. \u201cPengadopsian Wetlands Supplement adalah terobosan yang sudah lama ditungu-tunggu untuk mengakui pentingnya lahan gambut tropis dan mangrove dalam perubahan iklim,\u201d kata Murdiyarso.<\/p>\n

\u201cKita harus terus membangun momentum di tingkat kebijakan, bahkan ketika kita mengembangkan cara yang lebih canggih dan akurat untuk mengukur faktor-faktor emisi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Informasi lebih lanjut mengenai isu dalam artikel ini, silakan menghubungi Daniel Murdiyarso, di d.murdiyarso@cgiar.org<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WARSAWA, Polandia (5 Desember 2013) \u2013 Dengan diakuinya lahan gambut tropis dan hutan bakau sebagai bagian penting dalam memerangi perubahan iklim membuat para ilmuwan tidak membuang waktu lagi mendorong pemerintah agar mengembangkan panduan pengukuran, pelaporan, dan verifikasi (MRV) cadangan karbon dan emisi di dalam ekosistem tersebut. Sebulan sebelum perundingan iklim PBB dimulai di Warsawa, Polandia, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":107,"featured_media":20590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,137,13,96,180,11,190],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[2476,2503,2891,2539,2500,2721,2532,2869,2680,2622,2596,2604,3127,2819,3126,3653,3652],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1141],"class_list":["post-20589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-governance","category-mangroves","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-mrv-2","category-peatlands","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-adaptasi","tag-bahasa-cadangan-karbon","tag-bahasa-daniel-murdiyarso","tag-bahasa-emisi","tag-bahasa-emisi-karbon","tag-bahasa-indonesia","tag-bahasa-jasa-ekosistem","tag-bahasa-konvensi-kerangka-kerja-tentang-perubahan-iklim-pbb","tag-bahasa-lahan-basah","tag-bahasa-lahan-gambut","tag-bahasa-mangrove","tag-bahasa-mitigasi","tag-bahasa-mrv","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-suplemen-lahan-basah","tag-bahasa-ukp4","tag-bahasa-unorcid","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIlmuwan bergerak cepat dengan adanya pengakuan lahan gambut dan bakau - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20589\/ilmuwan-bergerak-cepat-dengan-adanya-pengakuan-lahan-gambut-bakau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ilmuwan bergerak cepat dengan adanya pengakuan lahan gambut dan bakau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WARSAWA, Polandia (5 Desember 2013) \u2013 Dengan diakuinya lahan gambut tropis dan hutan bakau sebagai bagian penting dalam memerangi perubahan iklim membuat para ilmuwan tidak membuang waktu lagi mendorong pemerintah agar mengembangkan panduan pengukuran, pelaporan, dan verifikasi (MRV) cadangan karbon dan emisi di dalam ekosistem tersebut. 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