{"id":20159,"date":"2013-11-12T16:51:49","date_gmt":"2013-11-12T09:51:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20159"},"modified":"2015-10-20T10:34:10","modified_gmt":"2015-10-20T03:34:10","slug":"titik-panas-keragaman-hayati-lebih-memberi-manfaat-bersama-ekosistem-lebih-besar-kajian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20159\/titik-panas-keragaman-hayati-lebih-memberi-manfaat-bersama-ekosistem-lebih-besar-kajian","title":{"rendered":"\u201cTitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati lebih besar memberikan manfaat bagi ekosistem : kajian"},"content":{"rendered":"

TURRIALBA, Kosta Rika (12 November 2013) \u2013 Wilayah yang merupakan \u201ctitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati dapat membawa nilai lebih tinggi bagi jasa ekosistem penting lain, termasuk simpanan karbon, konservasi air dan pemandangan indah, demikian menurut kajian baru<\/a> dari Kosta Rika. Dalam wilayah yang menyediakan simpanan karbon tinggi, bagaimanapun, manfaat dari jasa-jasa lain adalah sedikit lebih rendah.<\/p>\n

Ini berarti perencana pengguna lahan dapat menuai manfaat maksimal dari keragaman jasa lingkungan bila mereka menekankan proteksi di wilayah yang keragaman hayati tinggi, kata Bruno Locatelli, penulis utama kajian ini yang dipublikasikan di jurnal Environmental Conservation.<\/p>\n

\u201cTitik panas keragaman hayati tampak menjadi titik panas keragaman jasa ekosistem, tetapi tidak lantas benar bagi titik panas jasa lainnya,\u201d kata Locatelli, ilmuwan Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR) dan Riset Pertanian untuk Pembangunan (CIRAD).<\/p>\n

Kajian yang memeriksa sinergi dan timbal balik di antara jasa ekosistem, khususnya di taman nasional, menunjukkan bahwa wilayah dengan simpanan karbon tinggi dan keragaman hayati tinggi tidak selalu ada bersamaan.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami menemukan bahwa jika Anda menekankan proteksi wilayah keragaman hayati di Kosta Rika, hal itu akan memberi pula manfaat bagi tiga jasa ekosistem lain,\u201d kata Locatelli. \u201cTetapi jika Anda menekankan proteksi wilayah untuk simpanan karbon, manfaat bersama lain lebih rendah.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ini implikasi penting bagi program REDD+ (Reduksi Emisi melalui Deforestasi dan Degradasi hutan), mekanisme dukungan PBB yang akan memberi insentif untuk menjaga hutan dan mengurang<\/a>i emisi gas rumah kaca.<\/p>\n

\u201cJika program REDD+ dirancang hanya untuk memaksimalkan simpanan karbon, mereka tidak bisa melindungi hutan yang menyediakan manfaat terbesar bagi masyarakat dalam keragaman hayati, atau jasa ekosistem lokal terpenting,\u201d kata Locatelli. \u201cInisitatif itu dapat memberikan manfaat lebih besar bagi masyarakat lokal dan negara jika area prioritas dipilih berdasarkan nilai jasa ekosistem beragam.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kosta Rika menjadi pionir dalam pembayaran jasa ekosistem (PJE), ketika pemilik lahan menerima kompensasi untuk mengelola hutan<\/a> atau keberlanjutan lahan lainnya.<\/p>\n

Dalam beberapa kasus, hutan menyediakan jasa yang memberi manfaat penduduk lokal, seperti keindahan pemandangan atau regulasi suplai air. Jasa lainnya, seperti keragaman hayati atau simpanan karbon untuk mitigasi emisi gas rumah kaca, memberi manfaat bagi seluruh negara, bahkan seluruh dunia, kata peneliti.<\/p>\n

Kajian ini menemukan bahwa jasa yang disediakan ekosistem bervariasi tergantung dari faktor seperti topografi, iklim dan biogeografi.<\/p>\n

Contohnya, hutan melindungi tanah dari erosi pada lereng gunung daripada dataran rendah, sementara hutan dataran rendah cenderung menjadi sejumlah besar spesies.<\/p>\n

Hutan Awan di pegunungan tengah Kosta Rika khususnya kaya dalam jasa lingkungan, bagaimanapun, karena mereka cenderung memiliki banyak spesies endemik, menyimpan sejumlah besar karbon di tanah, dan menyimpan air dari awan.<\/p>\n

Peneliti menemukan bahwa 80 persen titik panas karbon dan keragaman hayati terkonsentrasi di enam daerah aliran sungai negara. Dua daerah aliran sungai — Reventaz\u00f3n-Parismina and Chirripo-Tortuguera \u2013 adalah titik panas bagi empat jasa lingkungan yang dikaji.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami menemukan titik panas beragam jasa, khususnya di sekitar wilayah padat penduduk di lembah Kosta Rika tengah, dimana banyak orang diuntungkan,\u201d kata Locatelli.<\/p>\n

Wilayah terlindung di wilayah tersebut mengatur suplai air ribuan orang yang tinggal di sepanjang aliran, seraya memberi pandangan indah bagi penduduk kota, katanya.<\/p>\n

\u201cHutan montane<\/a> juga menyimpan banyak karbon, khususnya di tanah, sementara hutan kering menyimpan lebih sedikit,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n

Locatelli dan rekan-rekannya memetakan tidak hanya daerah aliran sungai yang menyediakan empat jasa ekosistem, tetapi juga orang yang mendapat manfaat. Bagi skema PJE, nilai jasa berbasis pada kombinasi suplai alam jasa dan kebutuhan manusia.<\/p>\n

Hanya memetakan titik panas jasa ekosistem bisa mengarahkan pembuat keputusan untuk menyimpulkan bahwa tempat tertentu berharga untuk dijaga sementara yang lain tidak, kata Locatelli.<\/p>\n

\u201cBerdasar analisis nilai jasa ekosistem, selain titik panas, bisa membantu perencana membuat keputusan lebih baik mengenai jasa beragam konservasi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Untuk informasi lebih mengenai topik diskusi dalam artikel ini, silahkan hubungi <\/b>b.locatelli@cgiar.org<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Karya ini merupakan bagian dari program riset CGIAR mengenai Hutan, Pohon dan Agroforestri serta didukung oleh AusAid (kemitraan riset CIFOR-REDD+) dan Program Agroenvironmental Mesoamerika CATIE (MAP). <\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TURRIALBA, Kosta Rika (12 November 2013) \u2013 Wilayah yang merupakan \u201ctitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati dapat membawa nilai lebih tinggi bagi jasa ekosistem penting lain, termasuk simpanan karbon, konservasi air dan pemandangan indah, demikian menurut kajian baru dari Kosta Rika. Dalam wilayah yang menyediakan simpanan karbon tinggi, bagaimanapun, manfaat dari jasa-jasa lain adalah sedikit lebih rendah. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":36401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,182,137,95,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[2476,2885,2503,2532,2489,2516,2589,2819],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[831],"class_list":["post-20159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-community-forestry","category-forest-management-restoration","category-human-wellbeing","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-adaptasi","tag-bahasa-bruno-locatelli","tag-bahasa-cadangan-karbon","tag-bahasa-jasa-ekosistem","tag-bahasa-keanekaragaman-hayati","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-redd","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cTitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati lebih besar memberikan manfaat bagi ekosistem : kajian - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/20159\/titik-panas-keragaman-hayati-lebih-memberi-manfaat-bersama-ekosistem-lebih-besar-kajian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cTitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati lebih besar memberikan manfaat bagi ekosistem : kajian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"TURRIALBA, Kosta Rika (12 November 2013) \u2013 Wilayah yang merupakan \u201ctitik panas\u201d keragaman hayati dapat membawa nilai lebih tinggi bagi jasa ekosistem penting lain, termasuk simpanan karbon, konservasi air dan pemandangan indah, demikian menurut kajian baru dari Kosta Rika. 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