{"id":19379,"date":"2013-10-07T12:07:43","date_gmt":"2013-10-07T05:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=19379"},"modified":"2015-09-29T10:57:28","modified_gmt":"2015-09-29T03:57:28","slug":"laporan-ipcc-apa-artinya-bagi-hutan-dunia-bagian-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/19379\/laporan-ipcc-apa-artinya-bagi-hutan-dunia-bagian-1","title":{"rendered":"Laporan IPCC: Apa artinya bagi hutan dunia (Bagian 1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cfCJR3T3Dhc\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/news_and_events\/docs\/ar5\/press_release_ar5_wgi_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Panel antar-pemerintah mengenai Perubahan Iklim PBB (IPCC)<\/a> mengeluarkan laporan penilaian iklim kelima pekan lalu, menegaskan spekulasi bahwa aktivitas manusia adalah penyebab utama perubahan iklim sejak pertengahan-abad 20. Tetapi apa artinya ini bagi hutan dunia?<\/p>\n<p>Ringkasan eksekutif menyoroti bukti melimpah berlanjutnya pemanasan planet, menyatakan bahwa suhu akan naik antara 0,3 dan 4,8 derajat Celsius (0,5 hingga 8,6  Fahrenheit) di akhir abad 21.<\/p>\n<p>IPCC menggunakan pendekatan <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/another-budget-in-massive-deficit-14407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">budget karbon<\/a> \u2013 melihat seberapa banyak karbon yang kita emisikan sebelum kita mencapai batas 2 derajat Celcius \u2013 sebagai kerangka kerja untuk menilai tingkat mitigasi yang dibutuhkan. Untuk mencapai target 2 derajat Celcius, emisi total post-industri dari semua sumber seharusnya dibatasi hingga 1.000 miliar ton. Sekitar separuh budget tersebut telah habis.<\/p>\n<p>Sementara laporan ini dengan jelas menyatakan bahwa kita tidak cukup bekerja mengatasi masalah perubahan iklim, terdapat beberapa pelajaran bagi pemangku kepentingan kehutanan (banyak yang akan menjadi lebih jelas ketika bagian-bagian laporan diluncurkan di akhir 2013 dan awal 2014):<\/p>\n<p><b>Emisi dari pertanian dan hutan perlu dikurangi <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jika disatukan, kehutanan dan pertanian (pendorong utama deforestasi) saat ini menyumbang 30% emisi global menurut <a href=\"http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Biro Perlindungan Lingkungan AS<\/a>. Pada pertemuan PBB sebelumnya terdapat upaya besar untuk meletakkan mekanisme internasional <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/3805.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">reduksi emisi dari deforestasi<\/a> (REDD+) walaupun hal ini sudah dibahas sejak 2005, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/13152\/disappointing-outcome-for-forests-in-doha-but-redd-can-still-move-forward\/\">isu verifikasi emisi dan kurangnya skema pembiayaan<\/a> masih belum teratasi sepenuhnya.<\/p>\n<p>Emisi dari sektor pertanian sayangnya tidak  menjadi rahasia dalam diskusi tingkat tinggi di level internasional. Persimpangan isu ini yaitu banyak negara ragu untuk mengubur sektor pertanian dengan tambahan tanggungjawab lingkungan. Walaupun masih terdapat kebutuhan yang terus berkembang untuk menurunkan emisi dari sektor ini bersama dengan persiapan dunia menyambut dan  memberi makan 3 miliar orang baru dalam 50 tahun ke depan.<\/p>\n<p>Pada November, ketika perwakilan pemerintah berkonvensi di Warsawa untuk persiapan pertemuan Konvensi Kerangka Kerja PBB mengenai Perubahan Iklim, terdapat dua aksi segera yang perlu ditempuh negara-negara: pertama, mereka perlu melangkah maju dalam reduksi emisi deforestasi dengan mengatasi titik kendala akhir yaitu verifikasi dan pembiayaan, dan kedua diskusi perlu dimulai mengenai bagaimana menyelaraskan pertanian dan perubahan penggunaan lahan dalam perjanjian iklim internasional.<\/p>\n<p>Sejauh ini kemajuan menangani pertanian di bawah diskusi UNFCCC berlangsung lamban, walaupun kita berharap <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landscapes.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Forum Bentang Lahan Global<\/a> tahun ini akan menambah dorongan dalam mengatasi tantangan mitigasi dan adaptasi dalam sektor ini.<\/p>\n<p><b>Bagaimana dengan stabilnya suhu permukaan akhir-akhir ini?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Setiap laporan mengenai perubahan iklim tidak bisa hadir tanpa kontroversi dan muncul pernyataan di antara para skeptik dan penolak perubahan iklim bahwa ilmu pengetahuan gagal menjelaskan meredanya kenaikan suhu permukaan.<\/p>\n<p>Berkaitan dengan variabilitas alami, trend berbasis catatan pendek sangat sensitif untuk awal dan akhir waktu dan tidak merefleksikan tren umum jangka panjang iklim. Contohnya, rata-rata pemanasan dalam 15 tahun terakhir (1998-2012), yang dimulai dengan kuatnya El Nino, lebih kecil dari rata-rata terhiung sejak 1951, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.climatechange2013.org\/images\/uploads\/WGIAR5-SPM_Approved27Sep2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">kata laporan IPCC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.readcube.com\/articles\/10.1038%2Fnature12534\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Laporan terbaru Yu Kosaka dan Shang Ping Xie dari Institusi Oseanografi Scripps<\/a> yang tidak dmasukkan dalam kajian IPCC menunjukkan bahwa melemahnya tren pemanasan dalam tahun-tahun terakhir ini berkaitan dengan pendinginan di timur garis ekuator Samudera Pasifik dengan siklus sepuluh tahunan La Nina. Mengingat elemen sistem iklim bersifat siklus, sangat beralasan untuk menanti bahwa tren pemanasan jangka panjang akan terus berlanjut.<\/p>\n<p>Laporan baru IPCC ini menunjukkan bahwa ini akan menjadi dekade kritis bagi aksi iklim. Dan setidaknya hal ini harusnya menjadi dorongan baru bagi kerjasama internasional untuk mengatasi isu perubahan iklim yang telah dibahas bertahun-tahun.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>CIFOR akan menganalisa bagian laporan IPCC dan implikasinya bagi hutan ketika laporan ini tersedia untuk publik pada akhir 2013\/awal 2014<\/i><\/b><i>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Louis Verchot memimpin penelitian CIFOR mengenai hutan dan lingkungan. Untuk menghubungi di <\/i><a href=\"mailto:l.verchot@cgiar.org\"><i>l.verchot@cgiar.org<\/i><\/a><i> <\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Panel antar-pemerintah mengenai Perubahan Iklim PBB (IPCC) mengeluarkan laporan penilaian iklim kelima pekan lalu, menegaskan spekulasi bahwa aktivitas manusia adalah penyebab utama perubahan iklim sejak pertengahan-abad 20. Tetapi apa artinya ini bagi hutan dunia? Ringkasan eksekutif menyoroti bukti melimpah berlanjutnya pemanasan planet, menyatakan bahwa suhu akan naik antara 0,3 dan 4,8 derajat Celsius (0,5 hingga [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":19302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,1072,180],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12215],"tag-bahasa":[2522,2500,2848,2538],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3087],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[241],"class_list":["post-19379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-landscapes","category-mitigating-climate-change","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-global","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-emisi-karbon","tag-bahasa-panel-antarpemerintah-tentang-perubahan-iklim","tag-bahasa-target-pengurangan-emisi","type-bahasa-analisis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Laporan IPCC: Apa artinya bagi hutan dunia (Bagian 1) - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/19379\/laporan-ipcc-apa-artinya-bagi-hutan-dunia-bagian-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Laporan IPCC: Apa artinya bagi hutan dunia (Bagian 1)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Panel antar-pemerintah mengenai Perubahan Iklim PBB (IPCC) mengeluarkan laporan penilaian iklim kelima pekan lalu, menegaskan spekulasi bahwa aktivitas manusia adalah penyebab utama perubahan iklim sejak pertengahan-abad 20. 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