{"id":18976,"date":"2013-09-06T16:49:59","date_gmt":"2013-09-06T09:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=18976"},"modified":"2015-10-27T16:17:41","modified_gmt":"2015-10-27T09:17:41","slug":"perangi-kemiskinan-seraya-melindungi-habitat-monyet-besar-ilmuwan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/18976\/perangi-kemiskinan-seraya-melindungi-habitat-monyet-besar-ilmuwan","title":{"rendered":"Perangi kemiskinan seraya melindungi habitat monyet besar \u2013 ilmuwan"},"content":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia (6 September 2013) \u2013 Projek konservasi keragaman hayati yang dilakukan untuk melindungi monyet besar terancam punah bisa juga memainkan peran penting dalam pengentasan kemiskinan jika masyarakat lokal mendapat manfaat, demikian menurut peneliti.<\/p>\n

Simpanse<\/a>, orangutan<\/a>, bonobo<\/a> dan gorilla<\/a> hidup di beberapa wilayah termiskin Afrika dan Asia, dan dengan cepat mereka kehilangan habitat hutan akibat aktivitas manusia seperti perburuan, penebangan, pertanian dan pertambangan.<\/p>\n

Serbuan teritorial terkait kebakaran hutan, perkebunan minyak sawit, perang dan konflik juga memberi tekanan terhadap monyet besar, yang jumlahnya tinggal beberapa ratus hingga beberapa puluh ribu, tergantung pada subspesies, demikian menurut statistik<\/a> lembaga konservasi World Wild Fund for Nature (dulu World Wildlife Fund).<\/p>\n

Membentuk ulang kebijakan internasional yang melindungi monyet besar dan penghidupan masyarakat sekitarnya menjadi sangat penting untuk menemukan manfaat positif bagi keduanya,\u201d kata Terry Sunderland, ilmuwan senior Pusat Penelitian Kehutanan Internasional (CIFOR).<\/p>\n

\u201cBersama dengan meningkatnya tekanan terhadap hutan tropis, pengambil kebijakan perlu menyusun kebijakan pembangunan untuk menyeimbangkan konservasi monyet besar dan keragaman hayati secara umum.\u201d<\/p>\n

Walaupun manusia dan monyet besar berbagi hutan yang sama selama puluhan ribu tahun secara damai, meningkatnya populasi manusia, kemiskinan, dan menurunnya ketersediaan sumber daya alam menciptakan konflik, kata Sunderland.<\/p>\n

Banyak monyet besar terlindung dalam area konservasi pengamanan tinggi malah membatasi masyarakat lokal mengakses makanan utama dan suplai kebutuhan hidup lain, tambahnya.<\/p>\n

Apalagi, masyarakat lokal sering tidak mendapat manfaat finansial terkait pariwisata dari konservasi monyet besar.<\/p>\n

PERGESERAN KEBIJAKAN<\/b><\/p>\n

Satu cara untuk membangun keseimbangan antara bersaingnya kepentingan pembangunan manusia dan konservasi monyet besar bisa mendorong projek pembangunan di bawah mekanisme global REDD+<\/a> (Penurunan Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan), kata Sunderland.<\/p>\n

REDD+ adalah skema mitigasi perubahan iklim untuk mendorong pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca dengan menciptakan insentif bagi perlindungan, perbaikan dan pengelolaan hutan lestari.<\/p>\n

Baik di Asia dan Afrika, praktik penanaman kembali habitat hutan dan menciptakan lapangan kerja terkait, bisa membantu REDD+ mencapai target, demikian menurut kesimpulan riset dalam laporan berjudul \u201cLinking conservation and poverty alleviation: A discussion paper on good and best practice in the case of great ape<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Di Afrika, pariwisata monyet besar menarik pendapatan besar\u2014di Uganda, misalnya, perizinan gorilla menghasilkan lebih dari 4 juta dolar AS setahun, kata laporan tersebut, mengutip Akanwasah Barirega dari Kementerian Pariwisata, Alam liar dan Kepurbakalaan Uganda.<\/p>\n

Area konservasi mempekerjakan penjejak dan pemandu sementara penjualan tiket dan akomodasi pendukung serta industri jasa bisa memberi manfaat pada ekonomi lokal.<\/p>\n

Kelemahan industri pariwisata adalah bisa membuat monyet besar rentan perburuan, penyerbuan lahan pertanian dan bentuk lain konflik dengan manusia, kata laporan tersebut, menambahkan bahwa risiko ekonomi terhadap masyarakat miskin juga tinggi ketika monyet besar menyerbu pertanian, tetapi sebaliknya, perburuan dan penangkapan monyet besar membahayakan upaya konservasi.<\/p>\n

\u201cBanyak monyet besar, termasuk mayoritas orang utan liar di Sumatra dan Kalimantan\u2014simpanse di banyak negara Afrika\u2014tinggal di habitat tak-terlindung dimana meningkatnya perubahan penggunaan lahan dan pertumbuhan populasi dapat meningkatkan konflik,\u201d kata Sunderland.<\/p>\n

Untuk informasi lebih mengenai isu yang didiskusikan dalam artikel ini, silahkan hubungi Terry Sunderland di <\/b>t.sunderland@cgiar.org<\/b><\/a><\/b><\/p>\n

Riset ini diselenggarakan sebagai bagian dari Program Riset CGIAR mengenai Hutan, Pohon dan Agroforestri<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia (6 September 2013) \u2013 Projek konservasi keragaman hayati yang dilakukan untuk melindungi monyet besar terancam punah bisa juga memainkan peran penting dalam pengentasan kemiskinan jika masyarakat lokal mendapat manfaat, demikian menurut peneliti. Simpanse, orangutan, bonobo dan gorilla hidup di beberapa wilayah termiskin Afrika dan Asia, dan dengan cepat mereka kehilangan habitat hutan akibat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":36639,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,137,95],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12245,12222],"tag-bahasa":[2535,2637,2489,2633,2520,2681,2589,2819],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[989],"class_list":["post-18976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-human-wellbeing","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-africa","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-ekowisata","tag-bahasa-kawasan-lindung","tag-bahasa-keanekaragaman-hayati","tag-bahasa-kemiskinan","tag-bahasa-konservasi","tag-bahasa-margasatwa","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-redd","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPerangi kemiskinan seraya melindungi habitat monyet besar \u2013 ilmuwan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/18976\/perangi-kemiskinan-seraya-melindungi-habitat-monyet-besar-ilmuwan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Perangi kemiskinan seraya melindungi habitat monyet besar \u2013 ilmuwan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BOGOR, Indonesia (6 September 2013) \u2013 Projek konservasi keragaman hayati yang dilakukan untuk melindungi monyet besar terancam punah bisa juga memainkan peran penting dalam pengentasan kemiskinan jika masyarakat lokal mendapat manfaat, demikian menurut peneliti. 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