{"id":18012,"date":"2013-07-22T15:17:41","date_gmt":"2013-07-22T08:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=18012"},"modified":"2015-10-27T16:24:42","modified_gmt":"2015-10-27T09:24:42","slug":"mengaitkan-lokal-ke-global-redd-sebagai-puzzle-bertingkat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/18012\/mengaitkan-lokal-ke-global-redd-sebagai-puzzle-bertingkat","title":{"rendered":"Mengaitkan lokal ke global: REDD+ sebagai puzzle bertingkat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>BOGOR, Indonesia (22 Juli 2013)_Jika skema dukungan PBB untuk memperlambat laju perubahan iklim dengan menjaga hutan tropis dunia ingin berhasil, ia harus menempa hubungan antara pelaku lokal, nasional dan global, demikian menurut publikasi besar terbaru mengenai skema global yang dikenal dengan REDD+.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cREDD+ secara inheren adalah puzzle bertingkat,\u201d kata Kaisa Korhonen-Kurki, ilmuwan Centre for International Forestry Research dan penulis pendamping publikasi baru, <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/publications\/pdf_files\/Books\/BAngelsen1201.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Analysing REDD+: Challenges and choices<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni tidak bisa bekerja tanpa mengakui bahwa tuntutan global, institusi nasional dan regional, serta kebutuhan masyarakat lokal semuanya harus dihitung\u2014dan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kepentingan pada tiap level.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>REDD+, atau mengurangi emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan adalah skema global yang ditujukan memotong emisi karbon dengan mengkompensasi masyarakat di negara berkembang untuk mencegah kehilangan hutan.<\/p>\n<p>Dalam satu bab di Analysing REDD+, yang diluncurkan pada saat pertemuan Rio+20 di Brasil tahun lalu, Korhonen-Kurki menyatakan bahwa komunikasi di semua tingkat\u2014dari desa, provinsi, hingga institusi nasional dan global\u2014menjadi penting jika REDD+ ingin secara efektif mengukur, melaporkan dan memverifikasi jumlah terhindarnya emisi karbon di tiap wilayah hutan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKita perlu alur informasi yang bergerak di kedua arah\u2014dari level global ke lokal, dan dari level lokal ke global,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika terdapat ketidaksesuaian kepentingan, jika ada pelaku berbeda yang tidak memiliki cara untuk berkomunikasi satu sama lain, dan jika ada banyak projek terpisah yang bekerja secara independen tanpa mengetahui bahwa, contohnya, orang lain melakukannya dan itu tidak berhasil, hasil pembelajarannya jadi luput.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Analysing REDD+: Challenges and Choices\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0iC_O90QDlg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Di Brasil dan Indonesia, dua negara tempat projek percontohan REDD+ paling berkembang, di level menengah mata rantai\u2014pemerintah provinsi dan kabupaten\u2014memainkan peran krusial.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKarena desentralisasi pengelolaan hutan di negara ini, pemerintah regional memiliki kekuatan untuk mengeluarkan ijin penebangan\u2014untuk menentukan apa yang dilakukan dengan hutan. Mereka harus diyakinkan, mereka harus dilibatkan. Jika mereka berkomitmen untuk REDD, hal ini sangat penting,\u201d kata Korhonen-Kurki.<\/p>\n<p><b>Mengobarkan Jejak<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Di Kalimantan Tengah Indonesia, jejaring projek percontohan REDD+ sudah siap menunjukkan pentingnya mengaitkan lokal ke nasional\u2014melalui provinsi.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSalah satu kaitan lintas sektor besar adalah antara provinsi dan Jakarta,\u201d kata Caleb Gallemore, peneliti CIFOR di Kalteng, yang ditunjuk sebagai provinsi percontohan REDD+.<\/p>\n<p>Ia mengatakan pengaturan REDD+ di provinsi tersebut kurang memiliki payung hukum yang jelas, dan pemerintah provinsi seringkali memutuskan untuk menunggu langkah hingga menerima persetujuan dari pemerintah pusat, melalui Unit Kerja Presiden Bidang Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pembangunan (UKP4).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHubungan ini sangat krusial, UKP4 memandang Kalteng sebagai labolatorium kebijakan atau sebagai pengobar jejak REDD+, sementara pelaku di Kalteng berhati-hati untuk tidak melangkah melampaui batas.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Gallemore menyatakan sementara terdapat beberapa hubungan langsung antara desa hutan dan organisasi provinsi terlibat dalam pembahasan kebijakan, beberapa langkah diambil untuk membangun hubungan ini.<\/p>\n<p>Sebuah inisiatif mikro-blogging sms, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.borneoclimate.info\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">http:\/\/www.borneoclimate.info\/<\/a>, memanfaatkan kegemaran orang Indonesia menggunakan pesan teks, memungkinkan orang mengirim laporan terkait REDD+ melalui telepon seluler.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGagasannya adalah untuk memberi masyarakat yang tidak memiliki akses internet berbasis komputer mengakses platform untuk membuat komentar mengenai isu REDD+, dan secara teori, memantau penyalahgunaan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni sebuah upaya menarik penggunaan teknologi untuk membantu menjembatani desa dengan tingkat lain serta menolong masyarakat lokal menjadi agen lebih aktif dalam diskusi mengenai REDD+,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u201cIni Sulit\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Gallemore menyatakan menjaga hubungan lintas-tingkat seperti ini membutuhkan sumber daya dan upaya cukup besar.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni sulit. Di Kalteng, lebih mudah menjaga hubungan dengan Jakarta daripada, contohnya, dengan wilayah terpencil seperti Kabupaten Murung Raya.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika REDD+ ingin secara berhasil dikembangkan, akan sangat perlu berpikir cara baru untuk tidak hanya menyediakan informasi pada masyarakat terdampak projek dan kebijakan REDD+, tetapi juga memberi mereka kemampuan untuk menjadi agen aktif dalam proses politik yang mempengaruhi hutan dan penghidupan mereka.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSitus mikro-blogging bisa menjadi satu contoh langkah ke arah itu, tetapi banyak, banyak hal lain hal dibutuhkan jika REDD+ ingin efektif dan diterima secara sah, khususnya saat upaya melanjutkan mendorong REDD+ pada tingkat lebih besar dimana akses masyarakat terhadap informasi dan peluang untuk bersuara mungkin sulit.<\/p>\n<p><b>Sistem baru<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Kaisa Korhonen-Kurki menyatakan bahwa kompleksitas REDD+ membutuhkan sistem tata kelola bertingkat yang unik dalam sejarah kebijakan lingkungan.<\/p>\n<p>Ini membutuhkan bukan saja komunikasi lebih baik, tetapi pengambilan keputusan lebih baik.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cInstitusi baru tidak selalu diperlukan, tetapi ketika tidak mungkin bekerja melalui yang ada, perlu untuk membangun institusi jenis baru yang bisa berurusan dengan semua tingkat, dan dapat membawa semua perbedaan kepentingan bersama ke derajat peluang terbesar. Pasti akan terdapat perbedaan kepentingan, tetapi setidaknya dalam derajat tertentu mereka perlu bersesuai.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTetapi tentu saja tidak akan ada sistem tata kelola yang bisa menselaraskan semua kepentingan, itu tidak mungkin, dunia tidak seperti itu,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJadi itu berarti REDD+ sendiri harus menyesuaikan diri dengan realitas, dan  menjadi berbeda. Ini sulit menjadi sederhana, karena ia harus bisa bekerja di dunia yang kompleks.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Catatan: Artikel di blog ini pertama kali terbit tanggal 29 Juni 2012, bertepatan dengan publikasi <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/publications\/pdf_files\/Books\/BAngelsen1301.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Menganalisis REDD+: Sejumlah tantangan dan pilihan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BOGOR, Indonesia (22 Juli 2013)_Jika skema dukungan PBB untuk memperlambat laju perubahan iklim dengan menjaga hutan tropis dunia ingin berhasil, ia harus menempa hubungan antara pelaku lokal, nasional dan global, demikian menurut publikasi besar terbaru mengenai skema global yang dikenal dengan REDD+. \u201cREDD+ secara inheren adalah puzzle bertingkat,\u201d kata Kaisa Korhonen-Kurki, ilmuwan Centre for International [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":36654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,13,95,180,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12231,12222],"tag-bahasa":[4825,2522,3245,2516,2590,3127,2564,2819,2668],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[545],"class_list":["post-18012","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-governance","category-human-wellbeing","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-brazil","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-caleb-gallemore","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-kaisa-korhonen-kurki","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-lokal","tag-bahasa-mrv","tag-bahasa-pemerintahan","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-teknologi","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - 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