{"id":17874,"date":"2013-07-16T10:45:47","date_gmt":"2013-07-16T03:45:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=17874"},"modified":"2015-10-27T16:26:25","modified_gmt":"2015-10-27T09:26:25","slug":"alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/17874\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd","title":{"rendered":"Alat baru pemantau perladangan berpindah membantu REDD+"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>BOGOR, Indonesia (16 Juli 2013) \u2013 Sebuah <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/3491.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">alat baru dirancang<\/a> untuk mengevaluasi dampak perladangan berpindah terhadap degradasi hutan dapat memainkan peran kunci dalam pemantauan program mitigasi perubahan iklim <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/3805.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">REDD+<\/a>, demikian menurut ilmuwan.<\/p>\n<p>Kerangka REDD+ meletakkan kewajiban mengikat terhadap negara industri untuk mengurangi pemanasan global akibat emisi gas rumah kaca akibat dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan. Debat mengenai bagaimana cara memantau, melaporkan dan memverifikasi emisi karbon menjadi titik mencuat dalam negosiasi perubahan iklim global.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDemi masa depan skema REDD+, identifikasi akurat deforestasi dan degradasi hutan serta mengaitkan proses ini pada penggunaan lahan menjadi krusial,\u201d kata Jean-Christophe Castella, ilmuwan berbasis di Laos yang bekerja untuk Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) dan <a href=\"http:\/\/en.ird.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">Institute of Research for Development <\/a>(IRD).<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Hingga saat ini, terdapat tantangan utama untuk membedakan degradasi dan deforestasi dari dinamika inheren vegetasi temporal dalam perladangan berpindah,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p><b>SIKLUS PERLADANGAN<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Sebuah petak perladangan berpindah mengalami siklus perubahan tutupan lahan dari tanaman pertanian menjadi lahan kosong, menjadi hutan muda, menjadi hutan sekunder, menjadi tanaman kembali. Lebih dari 30 tahun terakhir, intensitas penggunaan lahan meningkat dalam bentang alam perladangan di distrik Viengkham di utara Laos, menghasilkan pergeseran siklus panjang tanaman-lahan kosong menjadi siklus yang singkat, demikian ditunjukkan riset.<\/p>\n<p>Makin singkatnya periode lahan kosong berarti bahwa perladangan berpindah\u2014dikenal pula dengan pertanian potong-dan-bakar\u2014bisa berkontribusi terhadap degradasi hutan karena vegetasi pohon yang ditebang tidak dimungkinkan untuk bertumbuh antara dua siklus perladangan, kata Castella.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSistem perladangan adalah sistem penggunaan lahan yang sangat dinamis baik dalam ruang maupun waktu,\u201d kata Cornelia Hett, ketua penulis \u201c<a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/3491.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">A Landscape Mosaics Approach for Characterizing Swidden Systems from a REDD+ Perspective<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni membuat sulit memantau mereka menggunakan pendekatan berbasis piksel standar dari analisis citra satelit. Pendekatan baru mosaik bentang alam menganalisis pembesaran pola penggunaan lahan dibanding piksel tutupan lahan memungkinkan evaluasi yang lebih sesuai.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sebagai bagian dari <a href=\"http:\/\/www.i-redd.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">I-REDD+ project<\/a> yang didanai UE, kami membangun metode baru\u2014disebut pendekatan \u201cmosaik bentang alam\u201d\u2014untuk mendeteksi variasi intensitas penggunaan lahan dalam wilayah perladangan berpindah dari peta tutupan lahan yang ada, kata Hett.<\/p>\n<p><b>MOSAIK BENTANG ALAM<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pendekatan konvensional untuk memetakan perubahan penggunaan lahan adalah melihat pada piksel tutupan lahan dari dua titik pada waktu tertentu\u2014untuk tiap piksel citra satelit kita menilai tutupan lahan dan kemudian melihat jika telah terjadi perubahan jenis satu tutupan lahan menjadi bentuk lain, atau apakah jika ia tetap sama, kata Hett.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cContohnya, pada 2000, sebuah piksel bisa diklasifikasikan sebagai belukar, dan di 2010 menjadi lahan budi daya,\u201d katanya. \u201cPerubahan ini dipandang sebagai degradasi. Padahal, pendekatan ini memberikan informasi salah jika Anda berada dalam bentang alam peladangan berpindah, karena dalam sistem perladangan berpindah, lahan berotasi setiap tahun dan sehingga terdapat perubahan dari belukar menjadi lahan budi daya dalam satu piksel, walaupun dalam lahan sekitar, proses kebalikan juga tampil, sebutlah konversi dari lahan pertanian menjadi belukar.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJadi, pada tingkat bentang alam dan sistem perladangan berpindah stabil, proses tersebut saling menyeimbangkan satu sama lain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Oleh karena hal ini lebih bersifat konteks keseluruhan, atau karakteristik lingkungan dibanding piksel tunggal terpisah masing-masing, yang mendefinisikan sistem penggunaan lahan kami menciptakan geometris ruang baru\u2014sebuah mosaik. Mosaik tersebut tidak lagi menggambarkan tutupan lahan, tetapi penggunaan lahan dan intensitas penggunaan lahan.<\/p>\n<p>Sebuah peta mosaik bentang alam dapat diciptakan untuk dua titik dalam waktu tertentu dan perubahan dapat dinilai berdasar kategori satu mosaik dengan yang lainnya, kata Hett.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJadi satu mosaik dapat berupa \u2018sistem perladangan berpindah dalam 3-5 tahun periode kosong\u2019, atau \u2018pertanian permanen\u2019, atau \u2018hutan alam\u2019,\u201d katanya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKini kita dapat menciptakan peta mosaik bentang alam untuk dua tahapan waktu dan kemudian menilai perubahan dari satu kategori mosaik ke kategori lain\u2014katakanlah satu wilayah pada 2000 adalah \u2018sistem perladangan berpindah dengan 3-5 tahun periode kosong\u2019 dan 2010 adalah \u2018pertanian permanen\u2019. Atau katakanlah 2000 adalah \u2018sistem perladangan berpindah dengan 10-15 periode kosong\u2019 dan 2010 adalah \u2018sistem perladangan berpindah dengan 3-5 tahun periode kosong\u2019. Dalam kedua kasus kita tahu mana di mana degradasi nyata.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>FAKTOR REDD+<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pendekatan mosaik bentang alam dapat digunakan untuk perubahan penggunaan lahan tingkat bentang alam dan pemantauan karbon perladangan berpindah yang kompatibel dengan sistem MRV (monitoring, reporting dan verification) dimana penerimaan kompensasi melalui pembayaran REDD+ akan membantu menjaga penghidupan dan gaya hidup petani peladang berpindah, kata Hett.<\/p>\n<p>Pendanaan dari program mitigasi iklim REDD+ memungkinkan untuk meningkatkan periode tanaman-kosong lebih lama, memperpanjang rotasi, memberi tanaman kesempatan lebih untuk berkembang dan meningkatkan stok karbon dalam bentang alam perladangan, katanya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJika orang dalam bentang alam ini bisa menerima kredit karbon untuk mengindari degradasi hutan, reversi bertahap untuk memperpanjang siklus tanam-kosong dalam sistem perladangan berpindah digabungkan dengan peningkatan sistem lahan kosong berbasis praktik agroforestri bisa mendorong ketertarikan secara ekonomi dan layak secara teknik di bawah kepadatan populasi di dataran tinggi saat ini,\u201d tambah Castella.<\/p>\n<p>Pendekatan mosaik bentang alam membuat bentang alam perladangan bisa dilihat pada peta dan konsekuensinya juga memungkinkan untuk mendeteksi deforestasi dan degradasi hutan secara akurat, yang selama ini tidak dimungkinkan dengan metode konvensional penginderaan jarak jauh, katanya.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIni merupakan hal terpenting bagi kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan bahwa area perladangan dimasukkan dalam peta sehingga mekanisme REDD+ juga dapat diterapkan pada bentang alam terlupakan yang menjadi rumah bagi populasi miskin desa ini.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><i>Riset ini dilangsungkan sebagai bagian dari Program Riset CGIAR untuk Hutan, Tanaman dan agroforesti, Program Analisis Komprehensif Lintasan Perubahan (Catch-up) dukungan CIFOR dan Institut de Recherche pour le Development (IRD) dan Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) North-South. Program ini didukung kolaborasi dalam projek I-REDD+ dari the European Commission Framework Project (<\/i><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17852\/new-swidden-agriculture-monitoring-tool-aids-redd\/www.i-redd.eu\" target=\"_blank\"><i>FP7-ENV-2010<\/i><i> <\/i><\/a><i>) dan mendapat dukungan finansial dari Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) dan institusi-institusi yang berpartisipasi.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><strong>Untuk informasi lebih jauh pada isu yang didiskusikan dalam blog ini, silahkan hubungi Cornelia Hett di cornelia.hett@cde.unibe.ch atau  Jean-Christophe Castella di <\/strong><a href=\"mailto:j.castella@ird.fr\">j.castella@ird.fr<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BOGOR, Indonesia (16 Juli 2013) \u2013 Sebuah alat baru dirancang untuk mengevaluasi dampak perladangan berpindah terhadap degradasi hutan dapat memainkan peran kunci dalam pemantauan program mitigasi perubahan iklim REDD+, demikian menurut ilmuwan. Kerangka REDD+ meletakkan kewajiban mengikat terhadap negara industri untuk mengurangi pemanasan global akibat emisi gas rumah kaca akibat dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":36662,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[161,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12271],"tag-bahasa":[2587,4824,2522,2523,3053,2607,3127,2664,2819,3166],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[271],"class_list":["post-17874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deforestation","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-laos-pdr","tag-bahasa-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-cornelia-hett","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-degradasi","tag-bahasa-jean-christophe-castella","tag-bahasa-mosaik-bentang-alam","tag-bahasa-mrv","tag-bahasa-pertanian-ladang","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-tebas-dan-bakar","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Alat baru pemantau perladangan berpindah membantu REDD+ - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/17874\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alat baru pemantau perladangan berpindah membantu REDD+\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BOGOR, Indonesia (16 Juli 2013) \u2013 Sebuah alat baru dirancang untuk mengevaluasi dampak perladangan berpindah terhadap degradasi hutan dapat memainkan peran kunci dalam pemantauan program mitigasi perubahan iklim REDD+, demikian menurut ilmuwan. Kerangka REDD+ meletakkan kewajiban mengikat terhadap negara industri untuk mengurangi pemanasan global akibat emisi gas rumah kaca akibat dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan. [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/17874\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-07-16T03:45:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-27T09:26:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/P5270103-Custom-500x375_bhs.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"375\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Andrea Booth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@andreasbooth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Andrea Booth\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/50cdc0c493cbe2f1131515c1aa1b2b6f\"},\"headline\":\"Alat baru pemantau perladangan berpindah membantu REDD+\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-07-16T03:45:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-27T09:26:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\"},\"wordCount\":933,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/07\\\/P5270103-Custom-500x375_bhs.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Deforestation\",\"REDD+\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2013\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\",\"name\":\"Alat baru pemantau perladangan berpindah membantu REDD+ - Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/07\\\/P5270103-Custom-500x375_bhs.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-07-16T03:45:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-27T09:26:25+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/id\\\/17874\\\/alat-baru-pemantau-perladangan-berpindah-membantu-redd#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/07\\\/P5270103-Custom-500x375_bhs.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/07\\\/P5270103-Custom-500x375_bhs.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":375,\"caption\":\"Sebuah petak perladangan berpindah mengalami siklus perubahan tutupan lahan dari pertanian ke lahan kosong, menjadi hutan muda, hutan sekunder, dan pertanian kembali. 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