{"id":16936,"date":"2013-06-07T11:55:57","date_gmt":"2013-06-07T04:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=16936"},"modified":"2015-10-27T16:34:29","modified_gmt":"2015-10-27T09:34:29","slug":"jaminan-kepemilikan-lahan-dan-kepentingan-ekonomi-menambah-efektivitas-redd-studi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/id\/16936\/jaminan-kepemilikan-lahan-dan-kepentingan-ekonomi-menambah-efektivitas-redd-studi","title":{"rendered":"Jaminan kepemilikan lahan dan kepentingan ekonomi menambah efektivitas REDD+ – Studi"},"content":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia (7 Juni 2013) \u2013 Masyarakat lokal harus memiliki jaminan hak kepemilikan jika mereka diharapkan dapat mengelola hutan untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dari deforestasi \u2013 tetapi mereka juga harus menaruh minat untuk melaksanakannya, demikian temuan sebuah studi di Indonesia.<\/p>\n

\u201cKeamanan tenurial merupakan kondisi wajib bagi REDD+, tetapi tidak terpenuhi dengan sendirinya,\u201d kata Daju Resosudarmo, ilmuwan di Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) dan penulis utama laporan Does tenure security lead to REDD+ effectiveness? Reflections from Five Emerging Sites in Indonesia<\/a> yang dipublikasikan di jurnal World Development.<\/p>\n

\u201cPertama, masyarakat perlu tahu jika mereka mempunyai hak untuk mengklaim keuntungan dari REDD+. Meski jika saat nanti, bila REDD+ tidak bisa bersaing secara ekonomis dengan kegiatan-kegiatan yang mengeluarkan gas rumah kaca, maka masyarakat mungkin tidak akan tertarik terlibat,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\n

Studi ini, dilakukan sebagai bagian dari Studi Komparatif Global CIFOR untuk REDD+<\/a> menganalisis data-data yang dikumpulkan pada 2010 dari 20 desa di lima lokasi projek REDD+ di Aceh, Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Tengah, terfokus pada hak tenurial, persepsi terhadap hak mereka dan kaitan antara keamanan tenurial dan efektivitas REDD+.<\/p>\n

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation<\/a> (pengurangan emisi dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan), atau REDD+ adalah mekanisme global yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi perubahan iklim dengan memberikan insentif untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dari deforestasi dan degradasi hutan.<\/p>\n

Tetapi untuk alokasi insentif-insentif, pengaturan kepemilikan lahan yang jelas dan aman harus terlebih dahulu diletakkan, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh riset CIFOR sebelumnya<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cDan kita harus ingat bahwa keamanan tenurial bukan hanya melindungi hak masyarkat untuk mengurangi emisi, tetapi juga untuk meningkatkannya,\u201d kata Resosudarmo.<\/p>\n

\u201cJadi keamanan tenurial hanya akan mendorong efektivitas REDD+ jika para pemangku kepentingan memiliki kepentingan dalam mengurangi degradasi dan deforestasi serta terlibat dalam penerapannya.<\/p>\n

Milik anda milik saya juga<\/b><\/p>\n

Konflik lahan merupakan hal-hal yang seringkali terjadi di Indonesia<\/a>, dimana sumber daya hutan bukanlah semata-mata sumber kekayaan, penghidupan dan tenaga, tetapi juga diperebutkan di beragam tingkat pemerintahan, masyarakat dan kepentingan bisnis. Indonesia adalah negara penting bagi REDD+ karena besarnya luasan hutan, tingginya kecepatan deforestasi dan sejumlah besar emisi dari deforestasi.<\/p>\n

Di bawah hukum Indonesia, lahan hutan berada di bawah negara, tetapi banyak wilayah sebenarnya digunakan, diatur atau diklaim oleh individu atau masyarakat<\/a>. Ketidakkonsistenan kontrol de jure dan de fakto atas lahan dapat menjadi penghalang projek REDD+ di Indonesia untuk mencapai tujuan, demikian isi laporan.<\/p>\n

\u201cAmbiguitas antara de jure dan de fakto menciptakan kesulitan bagi beberapa projek dalam mengamankan klaim atau mengelola lokasi-lokasi mereka,\u201d kata Stibniati Atmadja, penulis pendamping.<\/p>\n

“Temuan awal kami juga tampak mengindikasikan bahwa lemahnya kejelasan tenurial dapat mengarah pada lemahnya kejelasan pembagian beban dan keuntungan antara de jure dan de fakto pengelola dan pengguna lahan.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dan lemahnya kejelasan ini akan merusak upaya pengurangan emisi, kata temuan studi.<\/p>\n

Masyarakat tidak bisa secara efektif menerapkan aktivitas reduksi emisi di sebuah wilayah karena mereka takut kehilangan haknya ketika kelompok-kelompok dengan dokumen legal lebih kuat mengklaim wilayahnya.<\/p>\n

Perlihatkan uang itu ke saya<\/b><\/p>\n

Namun jika masyarakat lokal tidak mempunyai kepentingan untuk melestarikan hutan, kemudian jaminan kepemilikan lahan tersebut dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mereka melakukan penyebaban emisi, sorot studi tersebut.<\/p>\n

\u201cAsumsi bahwa masyarakat sekitar hutan secara konsisten berkepentingan melindungi hutan perlu dikaji ulang,\u201d kata Andini Desita Ekaputri, penulis pendamping lainnya.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami menemukan bahwa para keluarga memiliki sedikit minat menjaga tegakkan hutan kecuali hal itu berguna bagi pendapatan mereka.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lebih dari separuh sampel keluarga tidak mendapat pemasukan sama sekali dari hutan, sementara seperempatnya menerima hingga 25 persen pemasukan dari hutan. Sepertinya, para keluarga lebih bergantung dengan pertanian untuk penghidupan mereka.<\/p>\n

Bahwa mendapatkan pendapatan yang lebih besar lebih penting bagi penduduk desa ketimbang melindungi hutan demi kepentingan mereka tercermin dalam keputusan mereka untuk terlibat alam kegiatan yang berpotensi \u201cbersaing\u201d. Sebagai contoh, penduduk desa ditemukan mendukung ekspansi perkebunan minyak sawit dalam kawasan hutan atau mengambil pekerjaan di perkebunan kelapa sawit.<\/p>\n

\u201cMasyarakat harus memiliki kepentingan ekonomi dalam melindungi dan meningkatkan sumber daya karbon berbasis hutan,\u201d kata Resosudarmo.<\/p>\n

\u201cJika tidak, maka jaminan kepemilikan yang lebih kuat, meskipun dibutuhkan, tidak menjamin efektivitas REDD+. Bila masyarakat mempunyai keamanan lahan namun tidak mendapatkan keuntungan yang lebih besar dari menebang pohon ketimbang menjaganya, maka efektivitas REDD+ berada dalam risiko.\u201d<\/p>\n

Informasi lebih lanjut pada isu yang dibahas dalam artikel ini, silahkan kontak Daju Resosudarmo di d.resosudarmo@cgiar.org<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Studi ini bagian dari Studi Komparatif Global CIFOR mengenai REDD+ dan dilakukan sebagai bagian dari CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry<\/i><\/a>. Studi ini didukung oleh AusAid, Departemen Pembangunan Internasional Inggris (DFID) dan Badan Kerjasama Pembangunan Norwegia (NORAD).<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BOGOR, Indonesia (7 Juni 2013) \u2013 Masyarakat lokal harus memiliki jaminan hak kepemilikan jika mereka diharapkan dapat mengelola hutan untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dari deforestasi \u2013 tetapi mereka juga harus menaruh minat untuk melaksanakannya, demikian temuan sebuah studi di Indonesia. \u201cKeamanan tenurial merupakan kondisi wajib bagi REDD+, tetapi tidak terpenuhi dengan sendirinya,\u201d kata […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":89,"featured_media":16939,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,182,161,137,13,180,151],"tags":[],"language":[2171],"location":[12222],"tag-bahasa":[3237,2890,2522,2567,2516,2670,2520,2590,2589,2819,3236,2952],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[3099],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[965],"class_list":["post-16936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-community-forestry","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-governance","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-redd-2","language-bahasa-indonesia","location-indonesia","tag-bahasa-andini-desita-ekaputri","tag-bahasa-daju-resosudarmo","tag-bahasa-deforestasi","tag-bahasa-gas-rumah-kaca","tag-bahasa-kehutanan-masyarakat","tag-bahasa-kepemilikan-dan-hak-atas-lahan","tag-bahasa-konservasi","tag-bahasa-masyarakat-lokal","tag-bahasa-mata-pencaharian","tag-bahasa-redd","tag-bahasa-stibniati-atmadja","tag-bahasa-studi-komparatif-global-redd","type-bahasa-berita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJaminan kepemilikan lahan dan kepentingan ekonomi menambah efektivitas REDD+ - 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