{"id":90327,"date":"2024-11-26T23:44:43","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T16:44:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=90327"},"modified":"2025-09-08T10:40:49","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T03:40:49","slug":"comment-les-communautes-locales-du-nord-du-cameroun-restaurent-leurs-terres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/90327\/comment-les-communautes-locales-du-nord-du-cameroun-restaurent-leurs-terres","title":{"rendered":"Comment les communaut\u00e9s locales du nord du Cameroun restaurent leurs terres"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans les r\u00e9gions septentrionales du Cameroun, o\u00f9 le climat se caract\u00e9rise par de longues saisons s\u00e8ches et de faibles pr\u00e9cipitations, les communaut\u00e9s sont particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables aux effets du changement climatique. Priv\u00e9es de pluie, br\u00fbl\u00e9es par une chaleur incessante et combin\u00e9es \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures en hausse, les terres sont confront\u00e9es \u00e0 une intensification de la s\u00e9cheresse, \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation des sols et \u00e0 une r\u00e9duction de la disponibilit\u00e9 de l’eau.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Cette ann\u00e9e, nous avons connu une saison s\u00e8che d’une s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 historique \u00bb, explique Kabirou Mohammadou, chercheur en changement climatique pour le projet Adaptation au changement climatique (INNOVACC). \u00ab Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 si s\u00e9v\u00e8re que le ministre de la sant\u00e9 publique a d\u00fb publier un communiqu\u00e9 de presse soulignant quelques points cl\u00e9s pour la survie pendant cette p\u00e9riode. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Au fur et \u00e0 mesure que les temp\u00e9ratures grimpent et que la pluie se retire, les sols autrefois fertiles se d\u00e9gradent en poussi\u00e8re et les sources d’eau disparaissent, rendant les communaut\u00e9s du Nord de plus en plus vuln\u00e9rables. Les rendements agricoles diminuent. La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire vacille. Et comme plus de 95 % des m\u00e9nages d\u00e9pendent du bois de chauffage pour la cuisine, les quelques arbres survivants sont gravement menac\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Pour faire face \u00e0 ces probl\u00e8mes, le projet INNOVACC a \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9 en 2022 et travaille avec les communaut\u00e9s des r\u00e9gions du Nord et de l’Extr\u00eame-Nord pour am\u00e9liorer leur r\u00e9silience au changement climatique. Le projet promeut des pratiques durables pour restaurer les paysages d\u00e9grad\u00e9s et am\u00e9liorer l’acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des ressources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques plus efficaces n\u00e9cessaires au d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique des m\u00e9nages ruraux.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tA LIRE EGALEMENT<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tWomen school up to spread the word on greener cookstoves<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n

Un accent sur les p\u00e9pini\u00e8res communautaires et les villages climato-intelligents !<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les p\u00e9pini\u00e8res communautaires \u00e9tablies dans six sites pilotes, appel\u00e9s \u00ab villages climato-intelligents \u00bb, sont au c\u0153ur du projet : Tollore, Pintchoumba, Bam\u00e9 et Bang dans la r\u00e9gion Nord, et Gambour et Gambour dans l’Extr\u00eame-Nord. Ces p\u00e9pini\u00e8res sont ax\u00e9es sur l’agroforesterie et la gestion durable des ressources ligneuses, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels pour s’adapter aux conditions environnementales de la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

Les p\u00e9pini\u00e8res communautaires jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans la lutte contre la d\u00e9sertification, en servant de mesures de r\u00e9silience tangibles pour l’att\u00e9nuation de la s\u00e9cheresse et la restauration des terres. Pour mieux reconna\u00eetre l’importance des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res locales, un \u00e9v\u00e9nement a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin du mois de juin pour marquer la Journ\u00e9e internationale de la d\u00e9sertification. \u00c0 Gambour, l’un des villages climato-intelligents, l’engagement de la communaut\u00e9 \u00e0 entretenir sa p\u00e9pini\u00e8re a donn\u00e9 l’occasion de faire participer activement tout le monde – hommes, femmes et jeunes – \u00e0 des discussions sur l’agroforesterie et la gestion durable des ressources en bois-\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous voulions sensibiliser la population aux d\u00e9fis de la s\u00e9cheresse et de la d\u00e9gradation des sols \u00bb, explique Colette Maba, chercheure au sein du projet INNOVACC. \u00ab Et surtout, nous voulions explorer des solutions, en mettant l’accent sur le r\u00f4le des arbres dans l’adaptation au changement climatique \u00bb.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9v\u00e9nement a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 des discussions sur les avantages de l’agroforesterie pour la biodiversit\u00e9, la qualit\u00e9 des sols et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, ainsi que son impact sur les temp\u00e9ratures locales, les conditions de s\u00e9cheresse et la disponibilit\u00e9 du bois pour la cuisine. Les membres de la communaut\u00e9 ont appris la valeur m\u00e9dicinale de certaines esp\u00e8ces d’arbres produites dans les p\u00e9pini\u00e8res communautaires. Ils ont \u00e9galement particip\u00e9 \u00e0 des sessions de formation sur l’enrobage biologique des semences anim\u00e9es par Bra\u00ef Pierre, le responsable de l’\u00e9quipe des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res villageoises.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Un responsable anime une session de formation sur l’enrobage biologique des semences \u00e0 Gambour, au Cameroun. Photo de Colette Maba \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Planter des arbres, Faire grandir la r\u00e9silience !<\/strong><\/p>\n

La journ\u00e9e s’est achev\u00e9e par la pr\u00e9sentation des r\u00e9alisations de la p\u00e9pini\u00e8re locale et la distribution de 15 700 plants. Dix esp\u00e8ces de plants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remises aux m\u00e9nages pour soutenir les efforts de reboisement dans les zones locales, notamment les routes principales, le march\u00e9 et la for\u00eat sacr\u00e9e du village voisin.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Tous les membres ont compris l’importance des arbres \u00bb, d\u00e9clare Pauline Kobe, employ\u00e9e de la p\u00e9pini\u00e8re. \u00ab C’est pourquoi nous avons travaill\u00e9 dur pour assurer le succ\u00e8s de ces p\u00e9pini\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Des femmes participant \u00e0 la formation et \u00e0 la distribution de plants d\u2019arbres. Photo de CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00ab Nous connaissons tous l’importance des arbres dans notre vie \u00bb, d\u00e9clare Pierre. \u00ab Ils nous aident \u00e0 lutter contre la s\u00e9cheresse et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l’impact du vent. Les arbres sont un atout pour notre communaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00ab En fait, ici, il y a un dicton populaire qui dit ceci : Si tu n’as pas plant\u00e9 d’arbre, tu as v\u00e9cu en vain \u00bb, ajoute Pierre.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La restauration des zones arides au Cameroun est un processus long et complexe qui n\u00e9cessite l’engagement de tous les acteurs. En partenariat avec les autorit\u00e9s, les communaut\u00e9s locales jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel dans ce processus. Les r\u00e9sultats obtenus jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent sont encourageants, notamment la forte mobilisation des populations locales, d\u00e9montrant que la restauration des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes est possible, \u00e0 condition de mettre en \u0153uvre des politiques coh\u00e9rentes et de mobiliser les efforts collectifs.<\/p>\n

\n

Remerciements<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 soutenue par le projet Innovation pour l’adaptation au changement climatique (INNOVACC), financ\u00e9 par l’Union europ\u00e9enne. Ce projet est mis en \u0153uvre par un consortium d’institutions de recherche nationales et internationales, \u00e0 savoir le Centre pour la recherche foresti\u00e8re internationale et l’agroforesterie mondiale (CIFOR-ICRAF), le Centre de coop\u00e9ration internationale en recherche agronomique pour le d\u00e9veloppement (CIRAD), l’Institut de recherche agricole pour le d\u00e9veloppement (IRAD) et la Fondation Energies pour le Monde (FONDEM).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans les r\u00e9gions septentrionales du Cameroun, o\u00f9 le climat se caract\u00e9rise par de longues saisons s\u00e8ches et de faibles pr\u00e9cipitations, les communaut\u00e9s sont particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables aux effets du changement climatique. Priv\u00e9es de pluie, br\u00fbl\u00e9es par une chaleur incessante et combin\u00e9es \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures en hausse, les terres sont confront\u00e9es \u00e0 une intensification de la s\u00e9cheresse, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":318,"featured_media":90328,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12036],"tags":[9197],"language":[2170],"location":[12246,12261],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[10971],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[9392],"class_list":["post-90327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agroforesterie","tag-desertification","language-francais","location-africa","location-cameroon-africa","tag-francais-desertification"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nComment les communaut\u00e9s locales du nord du Cameroun restaurent leurs terres - 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