{"id":90091,"date":"2024-11-06T00:22:41","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T17:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=90091"},"modified":"2024-11-06T00:22:41","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T17:22:41","slug":"nourrir-lavenir-renforcer-la-productivite-des-cultures-vivrieres-africaines-locales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/90091\/nourrir-lavenir-renforcer-la-productivite-des-cultures-vivrieres-africaines-locales","title":{"rendered":"Nourrir l’avenir : Renforcer la productivit\u00e9 des cultures vivri\u00e8res africaines locales"},"content":{"rendered":"

Au cours des douze derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le Consortium pour les cultures orphelines africaines (AOCC) a form\u00e9 172 scientifiques \u2013 dont 40 % de femmes \u2013 issus de 28 pays africains, dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cultures assist\u00e9es par la g\u00e9nomique, \u00e0 travers son Acad\u00e9mie africaine de s\u00e9lection v\u00e9g\u00e9tale (AfPBA), g\u00e9r\u00e9e par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie \u00e0 Davis.<\/p>\n

Ces scientifiques ont apport\u00e9 une contribution importante \u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cultures locales pour une meilleure productivit\u00e9, une r\u00e9silience climatique accrue et une meilleure valeur nutritionnelle : ils ont lanc\u00e9 143 vari\u00e9t\u00e9s am\u00e9lior\u00e9es de cultures et publi\u00e9 plus de 650 articles scientifiques. D\u00e9sormais, le consortium, qui compte 45 membres, est pr\u00eat \u00e0 aller plus loin.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le mod\u00e8le de l\u2019AOCC consiste \u00e0 identifier les cultures vivri\u00e8res traditionnelles susceptibles de faire une r\u00e9elle diff\u00e9rence en mati\u00e8re de nutrition et de croissance \u00e9conomique pour les pays africains ; \u00e0 s\u00e9quencer et annoter les g\u00e9nomes de ces cultures ; puis \u00e0 \u00e9quiper les scientifiques africains pour qu\u2019ils utilisent ces ressources g\u00e9nomiques afin de d\u00e9velopper plus rapidement et efficacement les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s am\u00e9lior\u00e9es souhait\u00e9es par les agriculteurs et les consommateurs \u00bb, a expliqu\u00e9 Rita Mumm, directrice de l’AfPBA et responsable du d\u00e9veloppement des capacit\u00e9s et de la mobilisation de l\u2019AOCC.<\/p>\n

Ces propos ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tenus lors d\u2019un atelier \u00e0 Nairobi<\/a>, co-anim\u00e9 par l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l\u2019alimentation et l\u2019agriculture (FAO) le vendredi 11 octobre 2024. L\u00e0, des anciens de l\u2019AfPBA et d\u2019autres experts ont \u00e9valu\u00e9 les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s pour \u00e9radiquer la faim chronique, la malnutrition et le retard de croissance en Afrique, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’acc\u00e8s toute l’ann\u00e9e \u00e0 des cultures alimentaires locales et nutritives pour diversifier l’alimentation quotidienne.<\/p>\n

L’atelier s’est tenu en partant du principe que le concept de l\u2019AOCC a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 son efficacit\u00e9, que le \u00ab mouvement \u00bb de mise en \u0153uvre est lanc\u00e9 et que le mod\u00e8le de d\u00e9veloppement est d\u00e9sormais pr\u00eat \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d\u2019un soutien accru et d\u2019investissements suppl\u00e9mentaires pour \u00e9largir et amplifier les impacts de l\u2019AOCC, contribuant ainsi \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et nutritionnelle.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Une acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent est n\u00e9cessaire \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Howard-Yana Shapiro, fondateur de l\u2019AOCC et ancien directeur de l\u2019agriculture pour Mars, Inc. \u00ab Nous devons aider nos dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s \u00e0 int\u00e9grer les \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels du mod\u00e8le de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nutritionnelle de l\u2019AOCC dans les strat\u00e9gies et initiatives agricoles de chaque pays africain. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Alice Muchugi, Responsable de l\u2019\u00e9quipe en charge de la biodiversit\u00e9 et des ressources g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques des arbres au Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale et au Centre International de Recherche en Agroforesterie (CIFOR-ICRAF<\/a>), a soulign\u00e9 l\u2019urgence d\u2019un passage \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle. \u00ab Les enjeux n’ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi importants, avec une population en forte croissance, une pression accrue sur le syst\u00e8me alimentaire mondial et un climat changeant impactant la production agricole \u00bb, a-t-elle d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous devons exploiter pleinement le potentiel de nos cultures locales pour offrir des solutions durables pour la nutrition et l’autonomisation \u00e9conomique \u00bb, a poursuivi Muchugi. \u00ab Nous savons d\u00e9j\u00e0 que 30 % des esp\u00e8ces d\u2019arbres connues sont menac\u00e9es d\u2019extinction. Avant qu\u2019elles ne disparaissent, nous devons les int\u00e9grer dans les fermes et valoriser leurs profils nutritionnels exceptionnels dans les r\u00e9gimes locaux et r\u00e9gionaux. \u00bb<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tA LIRE EGALEMENT<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tTrees, people and choices in fragile situations<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n

\u00ab L\u2019utilisation appropri\u00e9e de la technologie de g\u00e9nomique CRISPR \u2013 un \u00e9l\u00e9ment central de la formation AfPBA \u2013 jouera un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans cette qu\u00eate \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 David Savage, professeur de biochimie et de biophysique \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 de Californie \u00e0 Berkeley et \u00e0 l\u2019Institut de g\u00e9nomique innovante (IGI).<\/p>\n

\u00ab Dans un climat changeant, de nombreux d\u00e9fis se posent, tant au niveau des stress biotiques qu\u2019abiotiques \u00bb, a ajout\u00e9 Savage, \u00ab et je pense que ces types de technologies \u2013 l’\u00e9dition de g\u00e9nomes associ\u00e9e aux avanc\u00e9es en s\u00e9lection v\u00e9g\u00e9tale et aux connaissances indig\u00e8nes \u2013 seront essentiels pour relever de tels d\u00e9fis. \u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab Renforcer les capacit\u00e9s r\u00e9gionales pour l\u2019application de la recherche dans ce domaine, y compris les connaissances et l\u2019infrastructure n\u00e9cessaires pour la soutenir, est crucial \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Hamadi Boga, vice-pr\u00e9sident des programmes de l\u2019Alliance pour une r\u00e9volution verte en Afrique (AGRA). \u00ab Les discussions scientifiques et technologiques doivent sortir du laboratoire \u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9. \u00ab Nous avons de bons scientifiques et de bons syst\u00e8mes pour produire des scientifiques, mais nos syst\u00e8mes d’innovation et de mise en \u0153uvre sont faibles. \u00bb<\/p>\n

En plus des diverses pr\u00e9sentations des anciens de l\u2019AfPBA et d\u2019autres experts, deux tables rondes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9es pour aborder les contraintes actuelles qui limitent l\u2019impact des travaux jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. Ces discussions ont \u00e9galement explor\u00e9 des actions pour soutenir, \u00e9tendre et amplifier les r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019AOCC, dans le but de b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier aux agriculteurs, aux femmes, aux consommateurs et aux entreprises \u00e9mergentes \u00e0 l\u2019avenir.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement a \u00e9galement marqu\u00e9 le lancement d\u2019un nouveau partenariat entre l\u2019AOCC et l\u2019organisation humanitaire Roots of Peace, d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9limination des mines terrestres et \u00e0 la restauration des r\u00e9gions ravag\u00e9es par la guerre, par le reboisement et la reconstruction. \u00ab La seule chose positive concernant ces mines \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Heidi K\u00fchn, fondatrice de Roots of Peace et laur\u00e9ate du Prix mondial de l\u2019alimentation 2023, \u00ab c’est qu’elles laissent un sol fertile une fois retir\u00e9es. Nous pouvons planter la paix par l\u2019agriculture, en appliquant l’expertise que les dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s de l\u2019AOCC d’aujourd’hui apportent pour assurer un avenir meilleur au continent. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Chikela Mba, directeur adjoint de la division de la production et de la protection des plantes de la FAO, a soulign\u00e9 l’urgence d’intensifier les efforts de l’AOCC pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et nutritionnelle de l’Afrique. \u00ab Le moment est venu \u00bb, a-t-il affirm\u00e9. \u00ab Les conflits augmentent, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique et le changement climatique s\u2019intensifient \u2013 c\u2019est la temp\u00eate parfaite. Si nous n\u2019agissons pas maintenant pour inverser cette histoire malheureuse de faim et de malnutrition perp\u00e9tuelles en Afrique, nous risquons de manquer cette occasion. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Tony Simons, ancien Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de ICRAF et membre du Conseil du Forum mondial de l\u2019agriculture, a \u00e9t\u00e9 clair sur les actions imm\u00e9diates n\u00e9cessaires. \u00ab L\u2019Afrique a les comp\u00e9tences ; l\u2019Afrique a les outils \u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9. \u00ab Ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire maintenant, c\u2019est la volont\u00e9 politique et les investissements financiers pour concr\u00e9tiser ces efforts. \u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au cours des douze derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le Consortium pour les cultures orphelines africaines (AOCC) a form\u00e9 172 scientifiques \u2013 dont 40 % de femmes \u2013 issus de 28 pays africains, dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cultures assist\u00e9es par la g\u00e9nomique, \u00e0 travers son Acad\u00e9mie africaine de s\u00e9lection v\u00e9g\u00e9tale (AfPBA), g\u00e9r\u00e9e par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie \u00e0 Davis. Ces […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":264,"featured_media":90093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[11801],"language":[2170],"location":[12246],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[2351,2354,8312],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[7144],"class_list":["post-90091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","tag-alimentation-et-nutrition","language-francais","location-africa","tag-francais-alimentation","tag-francais-nutrition","tag-francais-regimes-alimentaires"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNourrir l'avenir : Renforcer la productivit\u00e9 des cultures vivri\u00e8res africaines locales - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/90091\/nourrir-lavenir-renforcer-la-productivite-des-cultures-vivrieres-africaines-locales\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nourrir l'avenir : Renforcer la productivit\u00e9 des cultures vivri\u00e8res africaines locales\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au cours des douze derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le Consortium pour les cultures orphelines africaines (AOCC) a form\u00e9 172 scientifiques \u2013 dont 40 % de femmes \u2013 issus de 28 pays africains, dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cultures assist\u00e9es par la g\u00e9nomique, \u00e0 travers son Acad\u00e9mie africaine de s\u00e9lection v\u00e9g\u00e9tale (AfPBA), g\u00e9r\u00e9e par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie \u00e0 Davis. 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