{"id":77469,"date":"2022-06-03T21:38:33","date_gmt":"2022-06-03T14:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=77469"},"modified":"2023-08-08T11:40:10","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T04:40:10","slug":"prix-du-chocolat-cote-divoire-et-le-programme-heritage-dabidjan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/77469\/prix-du-chocolat-cote-divoire-et-le-programme-heritage-dabidjan","title":{"rendered":"Prix du chocolat, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire et le Programme H\u00e9ritage d\u2019Abidjan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00ab La production de cacao, principal ingr\u00e9dient du chocolat, dont la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, en est le premier pays producteur mondial, est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 d\u2019\u00e9normes d\u00e9fis en raison de la d\u00e9gradation massive des paysages caus\u00e9e par une mauvaise gestion de la sant\u00e9 des sols, la r\u00e9duction des terres bois\u00e9es et l\u2019attaque par les ravageurs et les maladies \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Dr Christophe Kouam\u00e9, agronome et Directeur-pays du Centre International de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re et du Centre International de recherche en agroforesterie (CIFOR-ICRAF).<\/p>\n

Dr Kouam\u00e9 s\u2019exprimait \u00e0 la quinzi\u00e8me Conf\u00e9rence des Parties \u00e0 la Convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la d\u00e9sertification (COP15) \u00e0 Abidjan, en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, le 18 mai 2022.<\/p>\n

La restauration des paysages de production de cacao est la cl\u00e9 pour inverser la d\u00e9gradation dramatique des sols, l\u2019utilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e de pratiques agricoles non durables, r\u00e9duisant les moyens de subsistance des communaut\u00e9s rurales ainsi que les services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques dans la boucle du cacao en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Au cours des 50 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le pays a perdu pr\u00e8s de 90 % de ses for\u00eats naturelles \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Dr Kouam\u00e9. \u00ab Au cours de la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire a domin\u00e9 la production mondiale de cacao, contribuant \u00e0 environ 40 % de la production annuelle, fournissant au march\u00e9 du chocolat un produit estim\u00e9 en 2019 \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 44 milliards de dollars. \u00bb<\/p>\n

En C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, le secteur du cacao repr\u00e9sente 15 % du PIB ; on estime que 1 million de petits exploitants et plus de 6 millions d\u2019autres personnes sont actifs tout au long de la cha\u00eene de valeur. Pourtant, malgr\u00e9 son importance, le secteur du cacao est assi\u00e9g\u00e9 par les d\u00e9fis caus\u00e9s par la d\u00e9gradation des paysages cacaoyers, notamment par une r\u00e9cente \u00e9pid\u00e9mie du virus d\u00e9vastateur du swollen shoot, les variations climatiques et les pratiques agricoles non durables.<\/p>\n

Tous ces facteurs ont conduit \u00e0 de faibles rendements des plantations de cacao, \u00e0 une augmentation des prix \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale et \u00e0 l\u2019appauvrissement des petits exploitants qui n\u2019ont pas assez \u00e0 vendre pour joindre les deux bouts.<\/p>\n

\u00ab En raison de ces probl\u00e8mes, il est n\u00e9cessaire de revitaliser la communaut\u00e9 cacaoy\u00e8re et de restaurer les paysages de cacao pour un avenir durable \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Dr Kouam\u00e9<\/p>\n

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Dr Christophe Kouam\u00e9 lors de la session parall\u00e8le sur les le\u00e7ons et perspectives de la restauration des vergers cacao en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire \u00e0 la COP 15 le 18 mai 2022.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

Dans ce contexte, le Gouvernement ivoirien a lanc\u00e9 un ambitieux programme multipartite d\u00e9nomm\u00e9e le Programme H\u00e9ritage d\u2019Abidjan lors de la COP15 pour renforcer la durabilit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme des principales cha\u00eenes de valeur tout en prot\u00e9geant et en restaurant les for\u00eats et les terres, et en am\u00e9liorant la r\u00e9silience des communaut\u00e9s au changement climatique.<\/p>\n

Le Programme H\u00e9ritage d\u2019Abidjan se veut \u00eatre un creuset vertueux dans lequel les gouvernements et le secteur priv\u00e9 intensifient mutuellement leurs ambitions en mati\u00e8re de durabilit\u00e9 dans les principales cha\u00eenes de valeur des produits de base, tels que le cacao, l\u2019huile de palme, le caoutchouc, la noix de cajou, ainsi que le caf\u00e9 et le coton. Ce programme invite les \u00c9tats membres \u00e0 r\u00e9\u00e9valuer et \u00e0 renforcer les cha\u00eenes de valeur de leurs produits de base afin qu\u2019elles soient plus durables et r\u00e9silientes en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire et au-del\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Les activit\u00e9s visant \u00e0 rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la situation que le Programme H\u00e9ritage d\u2019Abidjan pourrait bien encourager comprennent la promotion des bonnes pratiques et l\u2019adoption accrue du cacao \u00ab Mercedes \u00bb, une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9e de cacao Theobroma, l\u2019arbre \u00e0 partir duquel le chocolat est fabriqu\u00e9, qui est produit par le Centre National de Recherche Agronomique<\/a>. Cette vari\u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente plusieurs avantages dont la pr\u00e9cocit\u00e9, le rendement \u00e9lev\u00e9 et la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 certaines maladies et ravageurs du cacaoyer.<\/p>\n

Une grande partie du travail de World Agroforestry dans le secteur du cacao a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en \u00e9troite collaboration avec Mars Inc, une entreprise qui, en 2009, s\u2019est engag\u00e9e \u00e0 n\u2019acheter que du cacao certifi\u00e9 d\u2019ici 2020; et est le seul grand chocolatier \u00e0 travailler avec les trois principaux organismes de certification : UTZ, Rainforest Alliance et Fairtrade International.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Notre collaboration avec Mars sur la transformation du secteur s\u2019est traduite par le projet Vision For Change, une initiative financ\u00e9e par Mars qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en \u0153uvre par World Agroforestry \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Dr Kouam\u00e9, qui dirige le projet en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. \u00ab Vision For Change a aid\u00e9 les producteurs de cacao \u00e0 augmenter durablement leur productivit\u00e9 et leur rentabilit\u00e9 et a contribu\u00e9 au d\u00e9veloppement durable de leurs communaut\u00e9s. \u00bb<\/p>\n

L\u2019approche du projet Vision For Change visait la restauration des vergers de cacao d\u00e9grad\u00e9s, ce qui a conduit \u00e0 des augmentations rapides et massives de la productivit\u00e9 des anciens peuplements de cacao. L\u2019inclusion d\u2019arbres d\u2019ombrage s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s pour les fruits, le bois et d\u2019autres produits forestiers non ligneux a stimul\u00e9 les revenus des petits exploitants et a offert une couverture contre la fluctuation des revenus du cacao ainsi qu\u2019une assurance pour les d\u00e9penses importantes, telles que les mariages ou les fun\u00e9railles.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le potentiel transformateur de ces interventions largement biophysiques a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 \u00e0 des \u00e9chelles convaincantes \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Dr Kouam\u00e9. \u00ab Le d\u00e9fi consiste maintenant \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des moyens pour les petits exploitants \u00e0 capturer une plus grande part de la cha\u00eene de valeur du cacao. Il faudra int\u00e9grer des mesures biophysiques, sociales, fonci\u00e8res et \u00e9conomiques pour inverser les tendances actuelles en mati\u00e8re de faible productivit\u00e9, de taux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de d\u00e9forestation, de bas prix \u00e0 la ferme et de prix \u00e9lev\u00e9s du chocolat. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00ab La production de cacao, principal ingr\u00e9dient du chocolat, dont la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, en est le premier pays producteur mondial, est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 d\u2019\u00e9normes d\u00e9fis en raison de la d\u00e9gradation massive des paysages caus\u00e9e par une mauvaise gestion de la sant\u00e9 des sols, la r\u00e9duction des terres bois\u00e9es et l\u2019attaque par les ravageurs et les […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":408,"featured_media":77476,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[7902,10973,6269,12374],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[10425],"class_list":["post-77469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-francais","tag-francais-cacao","tag-francais-chocolat","tag-francais-cop15","tag-francais-cote-divoire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPrix du chocolat, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire et le Programme H\u00e9ritage d\u2019Abidjan - 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