{"id":69312,"date":"2020-11-10T16:29:19","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T09:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=69312"},"modified":"2020-12-17T17:16:48","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T10:16:48","slug":"le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/69312\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps","title":{"rendered":"Le potentiel d\u2019att\u00e9nuation du bassin du Congo demeure largement inconnu, mais plus pour longtemps"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alors que le monde entier est aux prises avec une nouvelle pand\u00e9mie et avec des incendies et d\u00e9luges catastrophiques qui sont l\u2019image concr\u00e8te de la crise climatique, une r\u00e9alisation importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplie par le monde scientifique au c\u0153ur de la deuxi\u00e8me for\u00eat tropicale plus grande au monde.<\/p>\n

S\u2019\u00e9lan\u00e7ant au-dessus de la canop\u00e9e \u00e0 Yangambi, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC), voici la premi\u00e8re tour \u00e0 flux du bassin du Congo qui mesurera par la m\u00e9thode de covariance de turbulences les \u00e9changes de gaz atmosph\u00e9riques, comme le dioxyde de carbone, entre l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re et la for\u00eat. Les \u00e9quipements de pointe de cette structure de 55 m\u00e8tres de hauteur permettront de calculer le potentiel de ce puits de carbone qui est l’un des filets de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 les plus importants au monde contre le r\u00e9chauffement climatique.<\/p>\n

\u00ab La tour CongoFlux est essentielle pour conna\u00eetre la quantit\u00e9 de carbone captur\u00e9 par les for\u00eats de plaine dans le bassin du Congo, et les dommages qu\u2019ils subissent \u00e0 cause des s\u00e9cheresses r\u00e9currentes, de la hausse des temp\u00e9ratures et de la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique provenant de la combustion de biomasse \u00bb, d\u00e9clare le professeur Pascal Boeckx de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gand en Belgique (UGent), qui collecte des donn\u00e9es dans la zone depuis 2010 et dont l\u2019\u00e9quipe est charg\u00e9e de veiller au bon fonctionnement des nouveaux \u00e9quipements.<\/p>\n\n

Cette tour s\u2019inscrit dans une d\u00e9marche<\/a> visant \u00e0 consolider Yangambi comme centre d\u2019\u00e9tude de la biodiversit\u00e9 et du changement climatique dans le bassin du Congo, ce projet \u00e9tant financ\u00e9 par l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne et la Belgique, avec une mise en \u0153uvre conjointe du Centre de recherche foresti\u00e8re internationale<\/a> (CIFOR), l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gand, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 R&SD<\/a>, l\u2019\u00c9cole R\u00e9gionale Postuniversitaire d’Am\u00e9nagement et de Gestion int\u00e9gr\u00e9s des For\u00eats et Territoires tropicaux<\/a> (ERAIFT), et l\u2019Institut National d\u2019\u00c9tudes et Recherches Agronomiques (INERA).<\/p>\n

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La tour CongoFlux est situ\u00e9e dans la R\u00e9serve de biosph\u00e8re de Yangambi en RDC, d\u00e9sign\u00e9e par l'UNESCO en 1977. <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n

DES DONN\u00c9ES FIABLES POUR AFFINER LES POLITIQUES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les connaissances produites par les \u00e9quipements de la tour serviront \u00e0 \u00e9clairer de meilleures politiques dans la r\u00e9gion et dans le monde.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Les for\u00eats d\u2019Amazonie et celles du bassin du Congo sont tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rentes en termes de structure, d\u2019essences et d\u2019impacts environnementaux ; il est essentiel d\u2019avoir des donn\u00e9es in situ pr\u00e9cises au lieu de compter uniquement sur des mod\u00e9lisations \u00bb, explique le professeur Boeckx.<\/p>\n

Bien que plus de 600 tours \u00e0 flux aient \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9es dans divers \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes \u00e0 travers monde entier au cours des 25 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, Congoflux est la premi\u00e8re du bassin du Congo. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, nous ne disposions pas de donn\u00e9es fiables sur l\u2019absorption et le rejet de dioxyde de carbone atmosph\u00e9rique par la plus vaste for\u00eat tropicale d\u2019Afrique centrale ni sur l\u2019impact produit par le changement climatique mondial sur son fonctionnement et sa croissance.<\/p>\n

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L'\u00e9quipement technique mesurera l'\u00e9change de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, tels que le dioxyde de carbone, l'oxyde nitreux et le m\u00e9thane, entre la for\u00eat et l'atmosph\u00e8re. Photo : Thomas Sibret\/UGent<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
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Pascal Boeckx et son \u00e9quipe \u00e0 la tour CongoFlux. Photo : Thomas Sibret\/UGent<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

Les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la tour seront publiques et mises \u00e0 la disposition des chercheurs du monde entier. Les donn\u00e9es sur l\u2019\u00e9vaporation et les \u00e9changes de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre (dioxyde de carbone, protoxyde d\u2019azote, m\u00e9thane) entre les arbres et l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re permettront aux scientifiques de calculer la contribution des for\u00eats \u00e0 l\u2019att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique et de mieux comprendre le r\u00e9gime des pr\u00e9cipitations en Afrique.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous savons que les for\u00eats tropicales sont d\u2019\u00e9normes r\u00e9servoirs de carbone, mais, pour le moment, personne ne conna\u00eet vraiment le volume de dioxyde de carbone r\u00e9ellement absorb\u00e9 par les for\u00eats du bassin du Congo chaque ann\u00e9e \u00bb, observe le professeur Boeckx. \u00ab La premi\u00e8re tour de la r\u00e9gion qui mesurera les flux \u00e0 l\u2019aide de la m\u00e9thode de covariance de turbulence est un outil crucial pour les chercheurs, et par la suite, pour formuler des politiques dans le bassin et alentour \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es objectives. \u00bb<\/p>\n

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La tour Congoflux a \u00e9t\u00e9 construite par la main-d'\u0153uvre locale \u00e0 Yangambi. Photo : Fiston Wasanga\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Emmanuel Bulonza installe les \u00e9quipements techniques de la tour CongoFlux. Photo : Fiston Wasanga\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n

D\u00e9passant largement la ligne des arbres au milieu de l\u2019immensit\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re, cette tour t\u00e9moigne aussi de l\u2019engagement de la communaut\u00e9 locale, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire des personnes qui l\u2019ont construite, en entretiendront la structure, et qui d\u00e9tiennent entre leurs mains l\u2019avenir de ce paysage.<\/p>\n

Debout dans un espace d\u00e9gag\u00e9 qui re\u00e7oit la lumi\u00e8re du soleil, Emmanuel Muhigwa Bulonza l\u00e8ve les yeux vers la gigantesque tour plant\u00e9e dans le sol rouge : \u00ab Je suis fier de participer \u00e0 une initiative qui permettra de mieux comprendre, de conserver et d\u2019exploiter nos pr\u00e9cieuses for\u00eats de mani\u00e8re durable \u00bb, confie le doctorant congolais responsable du fonctionnement des \u00e9quipements de la tour. \u00ab Esp\u00e9rons que cela conduira les instances de d\u00e9cision \u00e0 appr\u00e9cier et \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger ce patrimoine forestier, si important pour nos moyens de subsistance, notre r\u00e9gion et le monde entier. \u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alors que le monde entier est aux prises avec une nouvelle pand\u00e9mie et avec des incendies et d\u00e9luges catastrophiques qui sont l\u2019image concr\u00e8te de la crise climatique, une r\u00e9alisation importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplie par le monde scientifique au c\u0153ur de la deuxi\u00e8me for\u00eat tropicale plus grande au monde. S\u2019\u00e9lan\u00e7ant au-dessus de la canop\u00e9e \u00e0 Yangambi, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":265,"featured_media":69313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[2998,10191,10190,7530,10192],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[3010],"coauthors":[7135],"class_list":["post-69312","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-francais","tag-francais-bassin-du-congo","tag-francais-carbone","tag-francais-congoflux","tag-francais-foret","tag-francais-ugent","type-francais-photo-reportage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe potentiel d\u2019att\u00e9nuation du bassin du Congo demeure largement inconnu, mais plus pour longtemps - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/69312\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le potentiel d\u2019att\u00e9nuation du bassin du Congo demeure largement inconnu, mais plus pour longtemps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alors que le monde entier est aux prises avec une nouvelle pand\u00e9mie et avec des incendies et d\u00e9luges catastrophiques qui sont l\u2019image concr\u00e8te de la crise climatique, une r\u00e9alisation importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplie par le monde scientifique au c\u0153ur de la deuxi\u00e8me for\u00eat tropicale plus grande au monde. S\u2019\u00e9lan\u00e7ant au-dessus de la canop\u00e9e \u00e0 Yangambi, […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/69312\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-11-10T09:29:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-12-17T10:16:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/50480901006_03b5203cce_k.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1151\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gloria Pallares\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Gloria Pallares\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/390ed4e4c0b6a6a26f9df9e38dd6da99\"},\"headline\":\"Le potentiel d\u2019att\u00e9nuation du bassin du Congo demeure largement inconnu, mais plus pour longtemps\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-11-10T09:29:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-12-17T10:16:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\"},\"wordCount\":876,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/11\\\/50480901006_03b5203cce_k.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Forests News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2020\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/69312\\\/le-potentiel-dattenuation-du-bassin-du-congo-demeure-largement-inconnu-mais-plus-pour-longtemps\",\"name\":\"Le potentiel d\u2019att\u00e9nuation du bassin du Congo demeure largement inconnu, mais plus pour longtemps - 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