{"id":28604,"date":"2015-05-20T16:16:36","date_gmt":"2015-05-20T09:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=28604"},"modified":"2015-10-06T10:28:06","modified_gmt":"2015-10-06T03:28:06","slug":"soyons-serieux-sur-le-commerce-et-la-protection-de-la-flore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/28604\/soyons-serieux-sur-le-commerce-et-la-protection-de-la-flore","title":{"rendered":"Soyons s\u00e9rieux sur le commerce et la protection de la flore"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\"Taman<\/a>
Orchid\u00e9es prot\u00e9g\u00e9es (Dendrobium spp.) collect\u00e9es dans la nature et vendues \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re entre la Tha\u00eflande et la Birmanie. Photo : Jacob Phelps \/ CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les efforts de gestion et de protection de la flore sont fr\u00e9quemment plac\u00e9s au second plan, apr\u00e8s ceux en faveur de la faune, plus charismatique.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pourtant, dans de nombreux endroits, des plantes sauvages et leurs produits forestiers non ligneux repr\u00e9sentent toujours des parts importantes des <\/span>moyens de subsistance<\/span><\/a><\/span>, r\u00e9gimes alimentaires, m\u00e9dicaments et pratiques culturelles du monde rural.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ceci est particuli\u00e8rement vrai dans certaines r\u00e9gions continentales de l’Asie du Sud-Est ; un \u00e9picentre de la diversit\u00e9 botanique qui a fait \u00e9tonnamment peu l’objet d’\u00e9valuations et d\u2019efforts de protection de la flore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Parmi les menaces g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es de destruction d’habitats, la r\u00e9colte et le commerce \u00e0 but lucratif exercent une pression cibl\u00e9e et forte sur de nombreux taxons.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019INVISIBLE\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/h4>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 de nombreuses pratiques traditionnelles impliquant une r\u00e9colte et utilisation relativement locales, la demande commerciale actuelle de nombreuses plantes sauvages est sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 l’offre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pourtant, le commerce botanique est souvent n\u00e9glig\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u2019est le cas du commerce de plantes ornementales sauvages en Asie du Sud-Est pour les march\u00e9s horticoles.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notre <\/span>\u00e9tude<\/span><\/a><\/span> r\u00e9cente sur ce commerce invisible d\u2019esp\u00e8ces sauvages pr\u00e9sente les principaux r\u00e9sultats d’enqu\u00eates effectu\u00e9es sur les march\u00e9s ill\u00e9gaux d’esp\u00e8ces sauvages \u00e0 travers de la Tha\u00eflande, y compris \u00e0 ses fronti\u00e8res avec le Laos et le Myanmar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les enqu\u00eates ont mis en \u00e9vidence plus de 400 esp\u00e8ces ornementales dans le commerce ill\u00e9gal effectu\u00e9 sur des march\u00e9s publics, dont plusieurs <\/span>esp\u00e8ces nouvelles pour la science<\/span><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

La plupart des plantes vendues sont des orchid\u00e9es, l’une des plus grandes familles de plantes florissantes. Elles sont tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9es par les amateurs de plantes pour leurs belles fleurs parfum\u00e9es et uniques.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cependant, le commerce international d\u2019orchid\u00e9es r\u00e9colt\u00e9es en milieu sauvage figure, du moins sur le papier, parmi les groupes les plus \u00e9troitement r\u00e9glement\u00e9s du commerce d\u2019esp\u00e8ces sauvages. <\/span><\/p>\n

MENAC\u00c9ES ET EN VOIE DE DISPARITION<\/h4>\n

Beaucoup d\u2019orchid\u00e9es sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9es en vertu des l\u00e9gislations nationales et le commerce international d\u2019orchid\u00e9es sauvages est \u00e9troitement limit\u00e9 par la <\/span>Convention sur le commerce international des esp\u00e8ces menac\u00e9es d\u2019extinction (CITES)<\/span><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cependant, ces r\u00e9sultats alarmants sont parfois n\u00e9glig\u00e9s par certains milieux parce qu’ils concernent des plantes et non des animaux.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, ce commerce a en effet \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement \u00ab invisible \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb\"<\/a><\/p>\n

A travers de l’Asie du Sud-Est, les statistiques gouvernementales du commerce international de plantes, bas\u00e9es sur les collectes des douanes et des organes charg\u00e9s de l’application de la loi, documentent un commerce international tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9 de plantes pr\u00e9lev\u00e9es dans la nature.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alors que nous avons tr\u00e8s peu d’information sur les trajectoires de la plupart des esp\u00e8ces pr\u00e9sentes dans le commerce, certaines sont reconnues comme menac\u00e9es ou en voie de disparition.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les d\u00e9clarations des commer\u00e7ants sugg\u00e8rent \u00e9galement que de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces sont de plus en plus difficiles \u00e0 trouver en milieu sauvage.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alors que l’on s’inqui\u00e8te de plus en plus de la protection de la biodiversit\u00e9 et du commerce ill\u00e9gal d’esp\u00e8ces sauvages, les plantes pourraient continuer \u00e0 \u00eatre n\u00e9glig\u00e9es par les mesures nationales de pr\u00e9servation et par les instances internationales, y compris <\/span>United for Wildlife<\/span><\/a><\/span> et <\/span>ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network<\/span><\/a><\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Il est crucial de prendre au s\u00e9rieux la protection de la flore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ceci n\u00e9cessite une vision globale qui consid\u00e8re non seulement la m\u00e9gafaune charismatique, telle que \u00e9l\u00e9phants, rhinoc\u00e9ros et tigres, mais \u00e9galement le grand nombre d’esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales \u00e9chang\u00e9es sur les march\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nous demandons une attention accrue pour le commerce et la pr\u00e9servation de la flore en Asie du Sud-Est. Nous soutenons que les efforts de lutte contre le commerce ill\u00e9gal d’esp\u00e8ces sauvages doivent veiller \u00e0 inclure la flore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Il est urgent d’am\u00e9liorer la surveillance du commerce de la flore ainsi que l’application des lois. M\u00eame lorsque les plantes sont l\u00e9galement reconnues comme \u00e9tant prot\u00e9g\u00e9es, comme dans le cas de nombreuses plantes ornementales cibl\u00e9es telles que les orchid\u00e9es, les cycad\u00e9es et les plantes carnivores (<\/span>Nepenthes spp.<\/span>), les r\u00e8gles \u00e9tablies ne sont souvent pas mises en \u0153uvre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Des r\u00e9ponses plus vastes et diverses au commerce ill\u00e9gal et \u00e0 la protection de la flore, tout comme le suivi et l’application des lois, sont cruciaux pour soutenir la mise en \u0153uvre des engagements existants de pr\u00e9servation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les efforts pour limiter le commerce ill\u00e9gal d’esp\u00e8ces sauvages doivent \u00e9galement inclure les plantes.<\/p>\n

Jacob Phelps <\/span>est scientifique au CIFOR, bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Bogor en Indon\u00e9sie. Il peut \u00eatre contact\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019adresse <\/span>J.Phelps@cgair.org<\/span><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Les recherches du CIFOR sur le commerce ill\u00e9gal d’esp\u00e8ces sauvages s\u2019inscrivent dans le cadre du<\/span> Programme de recherche du CGIAR sur les for\u00eats, les arbres et l’agroforesterie<\/span><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Les efforts de gestion et de protection de la flore sont fr\u00e9quemment plac\u00e9s au second plan, apr\u00e8s ceux en faveur de la faune, plus charismatique. Pourtant, dans de nombreux endroits, des plantes sauvages et leurs produits forestiers non ligneux repr\u00e9sentent toujours des parts importantes des moyens de subsistance, r\u00e9gimes alimentaires, m\u00e9dicaments et pratiques culturelles […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":131,"featured_media":28494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,161,137,1072],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[12217],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[5577,5578,5579,5581,5523,5580,5576,3077,5583,3112,5582],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2999],"coauthors":[1468],"class_list":["post-28604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-deforestation","category-forest-management-restoration","category-landscapes","language-francais","location-global","tag-francais-asean-wildlife-enforcement-network","tag-francais-botanique","tag-francais-cites","tag-francais-commerce-international","tag-francais-delit-forestier","tag-francais-especes-menacees","tag-francais-especes-sauvages","tag-francais-gouvernance","tag-francais-monde","tag-francais-preservation","tag-francais-united-for-wildlife","type-francais-analyses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSoyons s\u00e9rieux sur le commerce et la protection de la flore - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/28604\/soyons-serieux-sur-le-commerce-et-la-protection-de-la-flore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soyons s\u00e9rieux sur le commerce et la protection de la flore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  Les efforts de gestion et de protection de la flore sont fr\u00e9quemment plac\u00e9s au second plan, apr\u00e8s ceux en faveur de la faune, plus charismatique. 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