{"id":28036,"date":"2015-04-21T17:59:35","date_gmt":"2015-04-21T10:59:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=28036"},"modified":"2015-10-12T15:19:38","modified_gmt":"2015-10-12T08:19:38","slug":"a-la-recherche-des-legumes-sauvages-nourriture-marocaine-des-forets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/28036\/a-la-recherche-des-legumes-sauvages-nourriture-marocaine-des-forets","title":{"rendered":"\u00c0 la recherche des l\u00e9gumes sauvages"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_26992\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26992\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Powell_Blog-pic_Moroccan-vegetables.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26992 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Powell_Blog-pic_Moroccan-vegetables-500x310.jpg\" alt=\"Moroccan open air market. Bronwen Powell photo. \" width=\"500\" height=\"310\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26992\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un march\u00e9 en plein air au Maroc. Les l\u00e9gumes sauvages constituent une part importante de l&rsquo;alimentation marocaine. Bronwen Powell\/CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L&rsquo;hiver est arriv\u00e9 au Maroc. De d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 mars, les pluies sont abondantes (plus que le reste de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e) et les l\u00e9gumes sauvages sont largement disponibles. Bien que les aliments sauvages, en particulier les l\u00e9gumes, tiennent une place importante dans la cuisine marocaine depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations, ils ont jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 largement n\u00e9glig\u00e9s par les initiatives scientifiques et politiques. Toutefois, deux publications r\u00e9centes ont chang\u00e9 la donne. Dans une publication r\u00e9cente, <a href=\"http:\/\/http\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/HorQZCgxhAbSMWmIQ*VQoLKgRdfuk2N8EjxIurF7bK0SVMPU1imOf9JcKxsQZs*4mBH0qdDahtkNxppOqT-EBpZ-cWvSWE8Y\/3.GATHEREDFOODPLANTSINMOROCCOTHELONGFORGOTTENSPECIESINETHNOBOTANICALRESEARCHByFATIMANASSIFANDABBESTANJI.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span lang=\"zxx\">Nassif <\/span><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"de-DE\">et<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"zxx\"> Tanji<\/span><\/a> ont expos\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 80 esp\u00e8ces de l\u00e9gumes comestibles du Maroc.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Note de la r\u00e9daction :<\/strong> Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 initialement sur le site <a href=\"http:\/\/peoplefoodandnature.org\/blog\/traditional-markets-are-an-important-part-of-nutrition-sensitive-landscapes-in-morocco-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Landscapes for People, Food and Nature<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Selon l\u2019<span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ethnobiomed.com\/content\/10\/1\/34\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00e9tude<\/span><\/a><\/span> que nous avons publi\u00e9e avril dernier, 84 % des m\u00e9nages d\u2019une communaut\u00e9 dans les montagnes du Rif ont utilis\u00e9 des l\u00e9gumes sauvages durant les sept jours pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents et des l\u00e9gumes sauvages y sont consomm\u00e9s jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 quatre fois par semaine. Ce travail sugg\u00e8re que les communaut\u00e9s rurales marocaines utilisent leurs paysages agricoles de diverses mani\u00e8res. Des l\u00e9gumes sauvages sont collect\u00e9s dans les champs, en bordure de champs et de routes, ainsi que dans les cours d&rsquo;eau : la diversit\u00e9 des paysages assure aux communaut\u00e9s locales un apport suppl\u00e9mentaire aux cultures de base.<\/p>\n<h4>SAVOIRS TRADITIONNELS, DIVERSIT\u00c9 ALIMENTAIRE<\/h4>\n<p>Notre \u00e9tude a \u00e9galement examin\u00e9 la r\u00e9partition g\u00e9ographique de la connaissance et de l&rsquo;usage des l\u00e9gumes sauvages sur trois sites au Maroc et a constat\u00e9 des variations importantes, non seulement entre les r\u00e9gions, mais aussi entre les villages de la m\u00eame r\u00e9gion. Par exemple, dans le nord, Calendula arvensis et Erodium moschatum sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement consomm\u00e9s, tandis que, selon les femmes dans les montagnes du Haut Atlas au sud, ces esp\u00e8ces ne sont pas consomm\u00e9es m\u00eame si elles y poussent \u00e9galement. <div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div><\/p>\n<p>Dans le nord, les femmes d\u2019un village appellent le genre Calendula \u00ab Karn kebsha \u00bb, tandis que dans un village \u00e9loign\u00e9 de seulement 40 kilom\u00e8tres il est appel\u00e9 \u00ab Mesk azara \u00bb. Si les villages utilisent le m\u00eame march\u00e9, le chevauchement des connaissances sur les l\u00e9gumes sauvages est cons\u00e9quent. Nous pensons que ceci est li\u00e9 au fait que les march\u00e9s agissent comme des sites o\u00f9 les savoirs sont transmis et o\u00f9 les valeurs, go\u00fbts et habitudes alimentaires sont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9s aux niveaux social et culturel. Nous en concluons que les march\u00e9s pourraient jouer un r\u00f4le important dans la pr\u00e9servation de la diversit\u00e9 des syst\u00e8mes agricoles ruraux et des paysages au Maroc.<\/p>\n<p>Dans un pays comme le Maroc, o\u00f9 il existe une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9cologique \u00e0 travers des paysages, les march\u00e9s permettent aux agriculteurs de se sp\u00e9cialiser dans la production de cultures les mieux adapt\u00e9es au contexte \u00e9cologique de leur exploitation. Les march\u00e9s ruraux r\u00e9unissent la diversit\u00e9 alimentaire locale, en permettant aux communaut\u00e9s de maintenir leur diversit\u00e9 alimentaire aussi longtemps que la biodiversit\u00e9 agricole est maintenue au sein des paysages. <a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jsfa.6351\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Les donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans un autre article r\u00e9cent<\/a> soulignent le fait que les march\u00e9s ruraux au Maroc sont source d&rsquo;une plus grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;aliments que ce qui est produit par la plupart des exploitations rurales. En outre, les march\u00e9s locaux comprennent une plus grande diversit\u00e9 alimentaire que celle indiqu\u00e9e par les statistiques nationales. <\/p>\n<p>Sur notre site de recherche dans les montagnes du Rif, 25 % des divers types d&rsquo;aliments consomm\u00e9s par les m\u00e9nages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 produits par les familles elles-m\u00eames, tandis que 27 % ont \u00e9t\u00e9 achet\u00e9s sur les march\u00e9s, mais produits localement. 41 % sont des produits import\u00e9s tels que th\u00e9, sel, sucre, huile et \u00e9pices (donn\u00e9es non publi\u00e9es). Ces r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que, dans le contexte marocain rural, la diversit\u00e9 des aliments produits localement (i.e. la biodiversit\u00e9 agricole au niveau des paysages) peut avoir un impact direct sur la diversit\u00e9 alimentaire des populations locales.<\/p>\n<p>De plus en plus de donn\u00e9es issues des pays en voie de d\u00e9veloppement attirent l&rsquo;attention sur l&rsquo;importance de l&rsquo;environnement alimentaire (incluant la disponibilit\u00e9, l&rsquo;accessibilit\u00e9, la commodit\u00e9 et la d\u00e9sirabilit\u00e9) dans ces pays. Si les march\u00e9s traditionnels du Maroc rural sont bien des sites o\u00f9 se transmet le savoir et la culture des aliments traditionnels et sauvages, ils sont susceptibles de jouer un r\u00f4le important dans le fa\u00e7onnage et le remodelage des perceptions, des pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences et de la d\u00e9sirabilit\u00e9 des produits sains des r\u00e9gimes alimentaires locaux. Le fait que cette semaine nous avons trouv\u00e9 de la Malva spp. sauvage en vente dans l&rsquo;un des grands supermarch\u00e9s \u00e0 Marrakech peut avoir d&rsquo;importantes r\u00e9percussions positives sur les pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences alimentaires et, par cons\u00e9quent, sur les habitudes alimentaires.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pour toute question concernant ces recherches, veuillez contacter M. Powell \u00e0 l\u2019adresse <a href=\"mailto:b.powell@cgiar.org\">b.powell@cgiar.org<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Bronwen Powell est chercheure postdoctoral au CIFOR. Abderrahim Ouarghidi est chercheur affili\u00e9 \u00e0 la Fondation pour la diversit\u00e9 globale et il est directeur des programmes et des formations \u00e0 la Fondation du Haut Atlas.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;hiver est arriv\u00e9 au Maroc. De d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 mars, les pluies sont abondantes (plus que le reste de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e) et les l\u00e9gumes sauvages sont largement disponibles. Bien que les aliments sauvages, en particulier les l\u00e9gumes, tiennent une place importante dans la cuisine marocaine depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations, ils ont jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 largement n\u00e9glig\u00e9s par les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":26992,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[188,95,1072],"tags":[322,31,1956,289,1955,1957,1822],"language":[2170],"location":[12246,12282],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[3160,3109,2351,3115,3170,2997,3235,3172],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2999],"coauthors":[993,1954],"class_list":["post-28036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-food-and-diets","category-human-wellbeing","category-landscapes","tag-africa","tag-biodiversity","tag-dietary-diversity","tag-food-security","tag-morocco","tag-rural-markets","tag-traditional-knowledge-practices","language-francais","location-africa","location-maroc","tag-francais-afrique","tag-francais-agriculture","tag-francais-alimentation","tag-francais-aliments-forestiers","tag-francais-bronwen-powell","tag-francais-communautes-locales","tag-francais-maroc","tag-francais-moyens-de-subsistance","type-francais-analyses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00c0 la recherche des l\u00e9gumes sauvages - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/28036\/a-la-recherche-des-legumes-sauvages-nourriture-marocaine-des-forets\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c0 la recherche des l\u00e9gumes sauvages\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L&rsquo;hiver est arriv\u00e9 au Maroc. De d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 mars, les pluies sont abondantes (plus que le reste de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e) et les l\u00e9gumes sauvages sont largement disponibles. 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