{"id":27583,"date":"2015-03-26T20:17:26","date_gmt":"2015-03-26T13:17:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=27583"},"modified":"2015-09-30T19:40:12","modified_gmt":"2015-09-30T12:40:12","slug":"le-financement-des-paysages-durables-prend-de-lelan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/27583\/le-financement-des-paysages-durables-prend-de-lelan","title":{"rendered":"Le financement des paysages durables prend de l’\u00e9lan"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"aerial<\/a>
Vue a\u00e9rienne d’un paysage proche\u00a0du parc national indon\u00e9sien de Halimun Salak, Java Occidental. Les pratiques agricoles et foresti\u00e8res qui pourraient am\u00e9liorer la production sont souvent frein\u00e9es par le manque de moyens. Photo\u00a0: Kate Evans\/CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L’approche paysag\u00e8re consiste \u00e0 travailler au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res institutionnelles. Ces fronti\u00e8res qui ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour de bonnes raisons, mais elles entravent parfois aujourd’hui l’<\/span>int\u00e9gration<\/a> n\u00e9cessaire pour surmonter les d\u00e9fis imminents de d\u00e9veloppement et d’environnement pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles g\u00e9ographiques. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La fronti\u00e8re la plus \u00e9vidente qui concerne l’approche paysag\u00e8re<\/a> est celle entre la foresterie et l’agriculture. Beaucoup s’accordent \u00e0 dire que si ces deux secteurs ne travaillent pas ensemble, il sera impossible de r\u00e9aliser des objectifs cl\u00e9s comme r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9forestation, mettre en place une utilisation de la terre \u00e0 faible \u00e9missions, am\u00e9liorer les services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques pour la production alimentaire, assurer une utilisation appropri\u00e9e et bien coordonn\u00e9e du feu et r\u00e9pondre aux probl\u00e8mes de droits et de r\u00e9gime foncier.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mais d’autres foss\u00e9s sectoriels devraient aussi \u00eatre combl\u00e9s. C’est le cas du foss\u00e9 qui s\u00e9pare le secteur de la finance priv\u00e9e des secteurs travaillant sur les terres. Comme pour d’autres secteurs divis\u00e9s, des communaut\u00e9s, zones d’expertise, terminologies et institutions s\u00e9par\u00e9es doivent se rassembler pour d\u00e9velopper des solutions innovantes. Des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9mergents, qui r\u00e9pondent aux questions climatiques et de d\u00e9veloppement, nous apportent des raisons et un \u00e9lan pour r\u00e9ussir. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

LA FINANCE AVANCE<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

L’int\u00e9r\u00eat pour le financement du d\u00e9veloppement et de l’environnement a franchi un nouveau cap. Le Fonds vert pour le climat<\/a> est en train de devenir le principal outil pour atteindre les objectifs de changement climatique qui doivent \u00eatre d\u00e9finis par la CCNUCC \u00e0 Paris en d\u00e9cembre. Le Comit\u00e9 permanent des finances<\/a> se penchera sp\u00e9cifiquement sur le financement des for\u00eats en 2015. En juillet, la <\/span><\/span>troisi\u00e8me Conf\u00e9rence internationale de l’ONU sur le financement du d\u00e9veloppement<\/span><\/a><\/span> \u00e0 Addis-Abeba en Ethiopie, constituera la principale tentative intergouvernementale pour confirmer le financement des Objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable, avant l’Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l’ONU \u00e0 New York en septembre. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les conf\u00e9rences de haut niveau men\u00e9es par le CIFOR et ses partenaires ces deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es ont \u00e9galement contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 faire conna\u00eetre les investissements dans de nouvelles entreprises durables, \u00e0 faibles \u00e9missions, en foresterie et en agriculture. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le Sommet sur les for\u00eats d’Asie<\/a> qui s’est tenu \u00e0 Jakarta en mai dernier a conclu que \u00ab les gouvernements, les entreprises et le secteur financier doivent travailler ensemble pour cr\u00e9er les conditions favorables au d\u00e9verrouillage de capitaux priv\u00e9s et soutenir les petits paysans et les investissements dans des paysages durables. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Cela a \u00e9t\u00e9 suivi par l’appel, lors du Global Landscapes Forum<\/a> (Forum mondial sur les paysages) \u00e0 Lima en d\u00e9cembre, \u00e0 \u00ab augmenter les financements en faveur des paysages en r\u00e9duisant les risques pour l’investissement et en transformant les march\u00e9s financiers. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il y existe clairement un \u00e9lan pour relier le grand capital et les besoins des petits paysans. Il faudra veiller \u00e0 ce que ce rassemblement m\u00e8ne aussi \u00e0 plus d’\u00e9quit\u00e9 et de durabilit\u00e9, mondialement et localement. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

REJOIGNEZ LE \u00ab\u00a0FONDS PAYSAGE\u00a0\u00bb <\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Au CIFOR, nous avons fait du financement durable des paysages une nouvelle priorit\u00e9 de recherche<\/a><\/span><\/span>, et initi\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment un projet pilote baptis\u00e9 The Landscape Fund (Fonds paysage), qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d’un financement initial de la Coop\u00e9ration su\u00e9doise internationale pour le d\u00e9veloppement (Swedish International Development Cooperation, Sida). Pour nous, l’un des points de d\u00e9part a \u00e9t\u00e9 l’\u00e9volution de la REDD+ et le constat que les acteurs financiers priv\u00e9s ne sont pas encore tr\u00e8s enthousiastes face au march\u00e9 du carbone, vu les co\u00fbts et les risques de transactions qu’il implique. En m\u00eame temps, quand on cherche des opportunit\u00e9s d’investissement vert, les secteurs li\u00e9s \u00e0 la terre<\/span> offrent de grosses opportunit\u00e9s, \u00e0 condition que des produits financiers viables soient disponibles. Il ressort \u00e9galement clairement des <\/span>r\u00e9sultats de nos recherches<\/a> <\/span><\/span>que les petits paysans et les communaut\u00e9s locales consid\u00e8rent que la REDD+ offre des perspectives prometteuses, bien que surtout en compl\u00e9ment des activit\u00e9s de base qui les font vivre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alors, comment relier tous ces points ?<\/p>\n

Le projet The Landscape Fund va \u00e9tudier les hypoth\u00e8ses suivantes :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Une quantit\u00e9 importante de capitaux institutionnels sont disponibles pour accro\u00eetre les investissements dans des utilisations des terres \u00e0 petite \u2013 voire moyenne \u2013 \u00e9chelle, \u00e0 condition que les investisseurs soient satisfaits des retours financiers et durables potentiels.<\/li>\n
  2. Dans toutes les r\u00e9gions et zones \u00e9cologiques, il existe des pratiques agricoles et foresti\u00e8res qui pourraient augmenter les productions et les revenus des producteurs, tout en am\u00e9liorant la durabilit\u00e9. Mais de telles pratiques sont entrav\u00e9es par le manque d’acc\u00e8s des producteurs \u00e0 un capital juste, abordable et sur le long terme. Cette situation tend \u00e0 favoriser les approches court-termistes.<\/li>\n
  3. Les risques financiers pourraient \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9s via des portefeuilles d’approches plus larges que dans les propositions existantes. Ces approches pourraient avoir une port\u00e9e internationale et inclure une s\u00e9rie \u00e9tendue de produits et de syst\u00e8mes de productions.<\/li>\n
  4. Les retomb\u00e9es en terme de durabilit\u00e9, pour la r\u00e9gulation du climat comme pour les dimensions sociales et d’\u00e9quit\u00e9, peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9finies de mani\u00e8re satisfaisantes via <\/span>quelques param\u00e8tres standardis\u00e9s et mesurables<\/a> s’appliquant \u00e0 l’ensemble du portefeuille. Cela permet de mesurer et v\u00e9rifier les progr\u00e8s des r\u00e9sultats de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 maintenir les co\u00fbts des transactions au minimum.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Il y a\u00a0un int\u00e9r\u00eat suffisant au sein du secteur public international pour financer les recherches, d\u00e9veloppement, pilotage, protection des risques et cr\u00e9ation de mesures assurant la protection du droit et de la gouvernance\u00a0n\u00e9cessaires pour d\u00e9velopper le concept de The Landscape Fund.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    En juin, le projet The Landscape Fund sera pr\u00e9sent au Forum mondial sur les paysages \u2013 La question de l’investissement<\/a> aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s d’autres initiatives. Cet \u00e9v\u00e8nement organis\u00e9 par le CIFOR et ses partenaires, dont la Banque mondiale, le Programme de financement du PNUE et la Banque europ\u00e9enne d’investissement notamment, va r\u00e9unir 150 \u00e0 200 experts internationaux du secteur priv\u00e9, des entreprises, de la finance et d’autres secteurs \u00e0 Londres le 10 juin. Cet \u00e9v\u00e8nement offrira une nouvelle opportunit\u00e9 pour de nombreux acteurs financiers de discuter du financement priv\u00e9 du d\u00e9veloppement durable et de l’\u00e9chelle des paysages. Les experts se r\u00e9uniront au sein de deux groupes de discussion pour produire une feuille de route sur 5 \u00e0 10 ans pour le d\u00e9veloppement du financement d’une foresterie, d’une agriculture et d’autres secteurs terrestres durables. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Nous souhaitons apporter des donn\u00e9es pour tester les hypoth\u00e8ses \u00e9nonc\u00e9es ci-dessus, et encourager tous les acteurs, de la finance \u00e0 la gestion des territoires, \u00e0 conduire de nouvelles solutions. L’approche paysag\u00e8re est la cl\u00e9 du succ\u00e8s. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    En attendant, continuez \u00e0 d\u00e9passer ces fronti\u00e8res.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L’approche paysag\u00e8re consiste \u00e0 travailler au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res institutionnelles. Ces fronti\u00e8res qui ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour de bonnes raisons, mais elles entravent parfois aujourd’hui l’int\u00e9gration n\u00e9cessaire pour surmonter les d\u00e9fis imminents de d\u00e9veloppement et d’environnement pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles g\u00e9ographiques. La fronti\u00e8re la plus \u00e9vidente qui concerne l’approche paysag\u00e8re est celle entre la foresterie et […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":27382,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[161,1072],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[12217],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[3408,5890,5528,3300,3396,3077,3191,3199,5891,5889],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2965],"coauthors":[680],"class_list":["post-27583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deforestation","category-landscapes","language-francais","location-global","tag-francais-approche-paysagere","tag-francais-comite-permanent-des-finances-de-la-ccnucc","tag-francais-financements","tag-francais-fonds-vert-pour-le-climat","tag-francais-global-landscapes-forum-2015","tag-francais-gouvernance","tag-francais-investissement","tag-francais-marches-du-carbone","tag-francais-swedish-international-development-cooperation","tag-francais-the-landscape-fund","type-francais-chronique-du-dg"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe financement des paysages durables prend de l'\u00e9lan - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/27583\/le-financement-des-paysages-durables-prend-de-lelan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le financement des paysages durables prend de l'\u00e9lan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’approche paysag\u00e8re consiste \u00e0 travailler au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res institutionnelles. Ces fronti\u00e8res qui ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour de bonnes raisons, mais elles entravent parfois aujourd’hui l’int\u00e9gration n\u00e9cessaire pour surmonter les d\u00e9fis imminents de d\u00e9veloppement et d’environnement pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles g\u00e9ographiques. 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Las pr\u00e1cticas agr\u00edcolas y forestales que podr\u00edan impulsar la producci\u00f3n a menudo se ven obstaculizadas por falta de capital. 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Under his leadership, CIFOR updated its strategy in 2016, emphasizing the role of forestry in achieving each of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Dr. Holmgren has a PhD in Forestry and 26 years of experience in international forestry and agriculture. Prior to CIFOR, Dr. Holmgren worked at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), where he led FAO\u2019s work on climate change and its contributions to the UNFCCC process. While at FAO he also coordinated the Global Forest Resources Assessment, played a leading role in establishing the UN-REDD program and led the development of the Climate Smart Agriculture concept. Dr. Holmgren is credited for leading the dialogue to enhance and broaden the role of forestry in the Global Development Agenda to address the major challenges of our time: poverty, food security, climate change and green economy. 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Las pr\u00e1cticas agr\u00edcolas y forestales que podr\u00edan impulsar la producci\u00f3n a menudo se ven obstaculizadas por falta de capital. 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