{"id":27123,"date":"2015-03-10T04:47:01","date_gmt":"2015-03-09T21:47:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=27123"},"modified":"2015-11-09T15:54:34","modified_gmt":"2015-11-09T08:54:34","slug":"des-methodes-participatives-enrichissent-les-recherches-sur-le-genre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/27123\/des-methodes-participatives-enrichissent-les-recherches-sur-le-genre","title":{"rendered":"Des m\u00e9thodes participatives enrichissent les recherches sur le genre"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_26716\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26716\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/Markus-blog-nieuw.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26716 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/Markus-blog-nieuw-500x354.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Padmanaba\/CIFOR Country:Indonesia Keywords:activity, Boepe village, CIFOR, Discussing, horizontal, Indonesia, Man, Men, Papua, People, woman, Women, workshop\" width=\"500\" height=\"354\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26716\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Des femmes participent \u00e0 un atelier de recherche au village de Boepe dans la province indon\u00e9sienne de Papouasie. Photo : Michael Padmanaba\/CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le nombre des recherches participatives sur les questions li\u00e9es au genre a augment\u00e9 en 2014. Les outils et manuels r\u00e9cents d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par le <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/publications\/pdf_files\/Books\/BCIFOR1203.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CIFOR<\/a><\/span>, le <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/worldagroforestry.org\/sites\/default\/files\/In%20equal%20measure_reduced.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Centre mondial de l&rsquo;agroforesterie<\/a><\/span> (ICRAF) et le <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ccafs.cgiar.org\/publications\/gender-and-inclusion-toolbox-participatory-research-climate-change-and-agriculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CCAFS<\/a><\/span>, ainsi que les nombreuses initiatives de recherche et de d\u00e9veloppement d\u00e9j\u00e0 en cours en t\u00e9moignent.<\/p>\n<p>Ce sujet a aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 Lima, lors du <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/landscapes.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Forum mondial sur les paysages<\/a><\/span>. Parmi les pavillons th\u00e9matiques pr\u00e9vus pour \u00e9changer des connaissances, on trouvait un pavillon sur le th\u00e8me du genre. Ce dernier a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9 par le CIFOR en partenariat avec <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ciat.cgiar.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CIAT<\/a><\/span>, <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.icimod.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ICIMOD<\/a><\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iucn.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"zxx\">U<\/span><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"de-DE\">I<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"zxx\">CN<\/span><\/a>, <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gender-climate.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">GGCA<\/a><\/span>, <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.recoftc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">RECOFTC<\/a><\/span> et <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/refacof.org\/refacof\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">REFACOF<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Appuy\u00e9 par un ensemble bien \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 d\u2019organismes de recherche, de d\u00e9veloppement et de sensibilisation, ce pavillon du genre portait sp\u00e9cifiquement sur les approches participatives des recherches sur le genre. En termes id\u00e9ologiques et pratiques, les approches participatives diff\u00e8rent des m\u00e9thodologies classiques de recherches. En r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, femmes et hommes, pour qui le projet aura probablement des cons\u00e9quences diff\u00e9rentes, devraient \u00eatre habilit\u00e9s \u00e0 participer de fa\u00e7on significative dans le projet et ceci d\u00e8s la d\u00e9finition des cibles et des priorit\u00e9s. <div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div><\/p>\n<p>Les m\u00e9thodes participatives apportent une approche ascendante \u00e0 la recherche et au d\u00e9veloppement, puisque le consentement \u00e9clair\u00e9 des personnes touch\u00e9es y est essentiel. Id\u00e9alement, non seulement l&rsquo;information est obtenue gr\u00e2ce aux participants, mais \u00e9galement produite en coop\u00e9ration avec eux. Les m\u00e9thodes participatives sont con\u00e7ues pour r\u00e9aliser ces objectifs.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019une des initiatives pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es au pavillon sur le genre a \u00e9t\u00e9 le projet continu de photographie participative du CIAT. Dans sa pr\u00e9sentation, Manon Koningstein, charg\u00e9e de recherche au CIAT, a expliqu\u00e9 que le projet est bas\u00e9 sur l&rsquo;id\u00e9e que l&rsquo;utilisation de la vid\u00e9ographie et de la photographie peut rende la recherche participative davantage inclusive.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Savoir lire et \u00e9crire n&rsquo;est pas indispensable ; hommes et femmes peuvent participer de mani\u00e8re \u00e9gale \u00bb, d\u00e9clare Mme Koningstein. \u00ab En d\u00e9couvrant leurs opinions, nous, les chercheurs sommes en mesure de comprendre les besoins au niveau local. Ainsi, nous pouvons adapter nos strat\u00e9gies et recommandations \u00e0 ces besoins. \u00bb<\/p>\n<h4>PARTICIPATION ET PERSPECTIVES<\/h4>\n<p>Durant le Forum, une discussion de groupe qui se tenait dans le cadre d&rsquo;une exposition sur le partage de connaissances a port\u00e9 sur le \u00ab pourquoi \u00bb et le \u00ab comment \u00bb de la recherche participative sur le genre. Au cours de cette discussion, Tatiana Gumucio, chercheur invit\u00e9e du CIAT, a applaudit les approches participatives pour leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 mettre en valeur des opinions qui \u00ab sont parfois n\u00e9glig\u00e9es ou ne peuvent pas \u00eatre d\u00e9finies par d&rsquo;autres concepts ou cadres de recherches \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Jennifer Twyman, r\u00e9cemment nomm\u00e9e coordinatrice en mati\u00e8re de genre du CIAT, a ajout\u00e9 que les recherches participatives sur le genre, en particulier lorsqu&rsquo;elles sont coupl\u00e9es avec des m\u00e9thodes quantitatives, peuvent \u00ab aider \u00e0 identifier les probl\u00e8mes, \u00e0 guider la conception et le d\u00e9veloppement &#8230; [et] \u00e0 faciliter l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des r\u00e9sultats issus d\u2019\u00e9tudes quantitatives \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Bimbika Sijapati Basnett, chercheuse et coordinatrice des recherches sur le genre au CIFOR, a soulev\u00e9 une autre dimension : \u00ab [La] recherche participative est une des m\u00e9thodes qui permet aux organismes de recherche de faire de la recherche tout en renfor\u00e7ant les capacit\u00e9s et en sensibilisant \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Le projet de recherche en cours du CIFOR, portant sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 des droits entre les sexes, sur l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s aux ressources foresti\u00e8res et arboricoles, ainsi qu\u2019aux b\u00e9n\u00e9fices connexes, joint la recherche \u00e0 l&rsquo;action. Sous la direction d\u2019Esther Mwangi et d\u2019Anne Larson, <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/annualreport2013.cifor.org\/gender-relations-in-uganda\/?_ga=1.193539243.702007322.1420425642\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">ce projet<\/span><\/a><\/span> utilise une m\u00e9thodologie connue sous le terme de <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/5085\/field-guide-to-adaptive-collaborative-management-and-improving-womens-participation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Gestion collaborative et adaptative<\/span><\/a><\/span> pour recueillir des donn\u00e9es. Dans les sites de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude, cette approche a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la participation des femmes au processus d\u00e9cisionnel. En outre, l\u2019approche a engendr\u00e9 des attitudes plus tol\u00e9rantes des hommes envers le leadership des femmes.<\/p>\n<p>Des organismes non li\u00e9s \u00e0 la recherche reconnaissent \u00e9galement les bienfaits de la recherche participative. Le RECOFTC, par exemple, d\u00e9clare avoir souvent recours \u00e0 la recherche participative pour obtenir davantage de donn\u00e9es probantes pour son travail de plaidoyer.<\/p>\n<h4>PARMI LES D\u00c9FIS\u00a0: LE TEMPS<\/h4>\n<p>Comme toutes m\u00e9thodes scientifiques de recherche, les approches participatives posent des questions et doivent \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9es avec prudence. Selon Mme Twyman, les m\u00e9thodes participatives sont clairement b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques mais demandent souvent beaucoup de temps, \u00e0 la fois aux chercheurs et aux membres de la communaut\u00e9.  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Les membres d\u2019une communaut\u00e9 sont des personnes occup\u00e9es et le fait d\u2019ajouter \u00e0 leur fardeau n&rsquo;a parfois pas de sens \u00bb, a affirm\u00e9 Mme Twyman. \u00ab Nous, les chercheurs, devons prendre en consid\u00e9ration les co\u00fbts et les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices de notre interaction avec les personnes pour comprendre comment utiliser le plus efficacement leur temps. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Chandra Silori, coordinateur de la REDD+ au RECOFTC, a not\u00e9 l&rsquo;importance de la sensibilit\u00e9 culturelle : \u00ab Pour moi, le premier et principal d\u00e9fi consiste \u00e0 comprendre le concept de base du genre, de l&rsquo;\u00e9galit\u00e9 des sexes, de l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 et de l&rsquo;\u00e9galit\u00e9 en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. En outre, ces termes doivent \u00eatre compris dans leurs contextes culturels locaux \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Chanda Gurung Goodrich, sp\u00e9cialiste chevronn\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de genre \u00e0 ICIMOD, a mis en garde contre l&rsquo;adoption d&rsquo;une analyse rudimentaire et binaire lors des recherches relatives au genre. Selon elle, cette recherche \u00ab se concentre souvent sur les diff\u00e9rences hommes &#8211; femmes, tout en omettant de mettre en \u00e9vidence celles au sein m\u00eame des cat\u00e9gories \u2018hommes\u2019 et \u2018femmes\u2019 \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Par cons\u00e9quent, la conception m\u00e9thodologique des projets qui vise \u00e0 assurer que toutes les voix soient entendues est, selon les experts, essentielle pour d\u00e9tecter et analyser les aspects complexes et socialement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9s du pouvoir.<\/p>\n<h4>LA RELATION SCIENTIFIQUE &#8211; PARTICIPANT<\/h4>\n<p>Afin d&rsquo;assurer la participation des femmes dans les projets de recherche, il est aussi tr\u00e8s important de consid\u00e9rer le moment, le lieu et la conception de l\u2019\u00e9tude. Margaux Granat, sp\u00e9cialiste en mati\u00e8re de politique \u00e0 l&rsquo;UICN, a mentionn\u00e9 les responsabilit\u00e9s domestiques des femmes, telles que les soins des enfants et la cuisine, comme exemples d\u2019enjeux pouvant restreindre la participation des femmes aux projets situ\u00e9s loin de leurs foyers. <\/p>\n<p>La discussion de groupe au Pavillon du genre a \u00e9galement permis d\u2019aborder des d\u00e9fis plus profonds, tels que les biais potentiels d\u00e9coulant de la dynamique du pouvoir local ou la relation entre chercheur et participant.<\/p>\n<p>Bien qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de questions importantes et difficiles pour toute initiative participative, Mme Basnett a mis le groupe en garde : il ne faut pas surestimer les limites et d\u00e9l\u00e9gitimer ainsi la recherche participative.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Des f\u00e9ministes ont beaucoup \u00e9crit sur les \u2018biais\u2019 et les fa\u00e7ons dont les chercheurs, les participants et les donn\u00e9es produites suite \u00e0 leurs interactions sont fondamentalement biais\u00e9s. Tous les types de m\u00e9thodes sont concern\u00e9s, que ce soit des enqu\u00eates aupr\u00e8s des m\u00e9nages ou d&rsquo;autres m\u00e9thodes \u00bb, a affirm\u00e9 Mme Basnett. \u00ab Nous devons \u00eatre conscients de ces probl\u00e8mes plut\u00f4t que de d\u00e9l\u00e9gitimer un type de production de connaissances en argumentant qu\u2019il serait plus biais\u00e9 que les autres. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Note de la r\u00e9daction : Tatiana Gumicio, Manon Koningstein et Jennifer Twyman du <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ciat.cgiar.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CIAT<\/a><\/span> ; Chanda Gurung Goodrich du <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.icimod.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ICIMOD<\/a><\/span>; Margaux Granat de l\u2019<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iucn.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"zxx\">U<\/span><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"de-DE\">I<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"zxx\">CN<\/span><\/a> ; Chandra Silori du <span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.recoftc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">RECOFTC<\/a><\/span> ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 cet article.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Markus Ihalainen peut \u00eatre contact\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019adresse <a href=\"mailto:m.ihalainen@cgiar.org\">m.ihalainen@cgiar.org<\/a> ; Bimbika Sijapati Basnett peut \u00eatre contact\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019adresse <a href=\"mailto:b.basnett@cgiar.org\">b.basnett@cgiar.org<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www1.cifor.org\/gender\/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">La recherche du CIFOR sur le genre<\/a> s\u2019inscrit dans le cadre du <a href=\"http:\/\/www.foreststreesagroforestry.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Programme de recherche du CGIAR sur les for\u00eats, les arbres et l&rsquo;agroforesterie.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le nombre des recherches participatives sur les questions li\u00e9es au genre a augment\u00e9 en 2014. Les outils et manuels r\u00e9cents d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par le CIFOR, le Centre mondial de l&rsquo;agroforesterie (ICRAF) et le CCAFS, ainsi que les nombreuses initiatives de recherche et de d\u00e9veloppement d\u00e9j\u00e0 en cours en t\u00e9moignent. Ce sujet a aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":164,"featured_media":26716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[12217],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[3227,3151,3223,3374,3226,3155,3229,3209,3225,3125,3224,3222,3221],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2999],"coauthors":[1898,1099],"class_list":["post-27123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gender-justice-tenure","language-francais","location-global","tag-francais-anne-larson","tag-francais-bimbika-sijapati-basnett","tag-francais-ciat","tag-francais-egalite","tag-francais-esther-mwangi","tag-francais-genre","tag-francais-gestion-collaborative-adaptative","tag-francais-global-landscapes-forum-2014","tag-francais-jennifer-twyman","tag-francais-manon-koningstein","tag-francais-tatiana-gumucio","tag-francais-union-internationale-pour-la-conservation-de-la-nature","tag-francais-world-agroforestry-centre","type-francais-analyses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Des m\u00e9thodes participatives enrichissent les recherches sur le genre - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/27123\/des-methodes-participatives-enrichissent-les-recherches-sur-le-genre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des m\u00e9thodes participatives enrichissent les recherches sur le genre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le nombre des recherches participatives sur les questions li\u00e9es au genre a augment\u00e9 en 2014. 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