{"id":25301,"date":"2014-11-21T23:45:24","date_gmt":"2014-11-21T16:45:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=25301"},"modified":"2017-04-20T10:53:48","modified_gmt":"2017-04-20T03:53:48","slug":"de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/25301\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra","title":{"rendered":"De nouvelles cartes montrent une image plus complexe des feux de Sumatra"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_23481\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23481\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-i-Gav-POLEX.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23481 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-i-Gav-POLEX-500x386.png\" alt=\"Gambar 1 - Peta menunjukkan perkembangan kebakaran bulan Februari-Maret 2014 di daerah terbakar yang terluas (22.000 ha) di Pulau Rupat, sebuah pulau kecil di pantai Sumatra, tertumpuk di atas peta tata guna lahan terinci kami di suatu konsesi Acacia (HTI, atau Hutan Tanaman Industri). Peta gabungan tersebut mengilustrasikan bahwa kebakaran dimulai di luar batas konsesi atau di lahan yang dihuni oleh operator (komunitas) berskala kecil dalam konsesi pada awal Februari, dan telah menyebar jauh ke dalam bagian dalam konsesi pada akhir Maret. (Klik pada peta untuk perincian.) Foto @CIFOR\" width=\"500\" height=\"386\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23481\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sch\u00e9ma\u00a01 \u2013 La carte montre la progression des incendies de f\u00e9vrier &#8211; mars 2014 dans la plus grande zone br\u00fbl\u00e9e (22 000 ha) \u00e0 Pulau Rupat, une petite \u00eele au large de la c\u00f4te de Sumatra. Elle est superpos\u00e9e \u00e0 notre carte d\u00e9taill\u00e9e des utilisations des terres dans une concession d\u2019Acacia (HTI ou Hutan Tanaman Industri). Ce type de cartes combin\u00e9es montre que les incendies ont commenc\u00e9 d\u00e9but f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur des limites de la concession ou sur des terres occup\u00e9es par des petits exploitants (communaut\u00e9s) au sein de la concession. Ils se sont ensuite r\u00e9pandus \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur de la concession jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin mars.\u00a0Photo\u00a0CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">En <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2013-06-record-setting-singapore-haze-hazardous.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">2013<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> et <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wri.org\/blog\/2014\/03\/fires-indonesia-spike-highest-levels-june-2013-haze-emergency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">2014<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\">, des \u00e9pisodes extr\u00eames de fum\u00e9es transfrontali\u00e8res en Asie du Sud-Est \u2013 ainsi qu\u2019une <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thejakartapost.com\/news\/2014\/05\/19\/el-ni-o-will-bring-drier-longer-dry-season-bmkg.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">s\u00e9cheresse, provoqu\u00e9e par El-Ni\u00f1o<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> et pr\u00e9vue au cours de la seconde moiti\u00e9 de 2014, qui risque d\u2019engendrer davantage de feux dans l\u2019ensemble de l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie &#8211; ont attir\u00e9 l&rsquo;attention sur les causes et origines des incendies dans les zones de tourbi\u00e8res \u00e0 Sumatra. Ces faits ont \u00e9galement incit\u00e9 les pays concern\u00e9s de la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 \u00e9laborer des politiques pour att\u00e9nuer les incendies futurs dans la r\u00e9gion -et \u00e0 instaurer des sanctions pour ceux qui d\u00e9clenchent les incendies. <div class='short-quote'>\n\t\t\t<blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<cite title='Source Title'><\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Le vice-pr\u00e9sident de l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eco-business.com\/news\/vp-boediono-warns-larger-risk-forest-fires\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">convoqu\u00e9<\/span><\/a> <span lang=\"fr-FR\">des ministres chevronn\u00e9s de plusieurs organismes pour faire face au probl\u00e8me. Un <\/span><span lang=\"fr-FR\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wri.org\/blog\/2014\/06\/indonesia-fires-flare-foreboding-start-dry-season-riau\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u00ab<\/a><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wri.org\/blog\/2014\/06\/indonesia-fires-flare-foreboding-start-dry-season-riau\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">espace de situation\u00bb sp\u00e9cial a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en place<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> pour assurer d\u2019une part les capacit\u00e9s de lutte contre les incendies et d\u2019autre part une r\u00e9activit\u00e9 de quelques heures apr\u00e8s que de nouveaux foyers (hotspots) d&rsquo;incendies soient d\u00e9tect\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019aide de satellites.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Simultan\u00e9ment, Singapour <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/news\/singapore\/up-to-s-100-000-fine-for\/1243194.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">a \u00e9labor\u00e9 un projet de loi<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> qui permettrait d&rsquo;infliger des amendes aux entreprises pour les feux ayant lieu dans leurs plantations. (La fum\u00e9e caus\u00e9e par les feux indon\u00e9siens en juin 2013 a \u00e9touff\u00e9 le ciel de Singapour, provoquant <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/21\/singapore-air-pollution-record-high\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">des niveaux records de pollution atmosph\u00e9rique<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"fr-FR\">.) Les autorit\u00e9s de Singapour, ainsi que de nombreux groupes militants, bl\u00e2ment actuellement les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de plantation (les exploitants \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle) pour les incendies r\u00e9cents. Ils se basent sur des analyses des foyers d&rsquo;incendies et des plans cadastraux, selon lesquelles plus de la moiti\u00e9 des foyers d\u2019incendies de 2013 et 2014 se situaient dans des concessions \u00e0 Sumatra \u2014 c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire, des terres attribu\u00e9es aux entreprises pour le d\u00e9veloppement de plantations, \u00e0 une \u00e9chelle industrielle, de monocultures de palmier \u00e0 huile et d\u2019Acacia. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les interventions politiques visant \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer les incendies n\u00e9cessitent des informations solides, indiquant qui met le feu sur les terres appartenant \u00e0 qui. Toutefois, ces renseignements de base font d\u00e9faut. Il est difficile d\u2019obtenir ce type d\u2019informations en raison des revendications concurrentielles quant \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re en Indon\u00e9sie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">L&rsquo;utilisation des terres et le r\u00e9gime foncier en Indon\u00e9sie sont r\u00e9gis par un enchev\u00eatrement de lois nationales, provinciales et coutumi\u00e8res. Ces lois sont souvent en concurrence les unes avec les autres, ce qui rend difficile de savoir qui poss\u00e8de quelle partie de terres. Cette situation est aggrav\u00e9e par un afflux de migrants en qu\u00eate de terres, ainsi que par des investisseurs de niveau interm\u00e9diaire et d&rsquo;origine inconnue qui investissent dans l&rsquo;expansion agricole. Des tensions \u2013 et parfois m\u00eame des conflits \u2013 peuvent na\u00eetre entre ces diff\u00e9rents utilisateurs des terres. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Un autre facteur de confusion est le fait que les feux se d\u00e9placent \u00e0 travers des paysages, pouss\u00e9s par la topographie et le vent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">On ne peut pas pr\u00e9sumer \u2013 en se basant uniquement sur les emplacements des foyers d&rsquo;incendies superpos\u00e9s \u00e0 des cartes des concessions \u2013 que les feux au sein des concessions seraient caus\u00e9s par les grandes entreprises. Il y a deux raisons majeures \u00e0 cela:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les terres situ\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur des limites d\u2019une concession peuvent ne pas \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement contr\u00f4l\u00e9es par l\u2019entreprise en question. Une grande partie peut \u00eatre revendiqu\u00e9e et occup\u00e9e par des exploitants ind\u00e9pendants des terres. Ces derniers peuvent \u00eatre \u00e0 l\u2019origine des feux dans les concessions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les feux peuvent commencer \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur des concessions et se r\u00e9pandre dans l\u2019int\u00e9rieur des concessions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Nous montrons ici qu&rsquo;il est possible de produire des cartes d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de l&rsquo;utilisation des terres au sein des concessions, indiquant les zones occup\u00e9es par des utilisateurs des terres ind\u00e9pendants (exploitants \u00e0 une \u00e9chelle petite ou interm\u00e9diaire), \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d\u2019images datant d\u2019avant et d\u2019apr\u00e8s les feux. Ces images proviennent du satellite LANDSAT r\u00e9cemment lanc\u00e9 par la NASA. Nous pouvons \u00e9galement produire des cartes d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de la progression des incendies. Ces cartes indiquent o\u00f9 les feux commencent et o\u00f9 ils se terminent, en utilisant une combinaison des donn\u00e9es de LANDSAT et celles des foyers d\u2019incendies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Nous avons appliqu\u00e9 nos m\u00e9thodes aux incendies de f\u00e9vrier et mars 2014 ayant g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 les deux plus grandes zones br\u00fbl\u00e9es dans la province de Riau \u00e0 Sumatra. L\u2019une de ces zones se situe dans le district de Bengkalis et l\u2019une sur l&rsquo;\u00eele voisine de Pulau Rupat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Notre analyse r\u00e9v\u00e8le que les incendies ont commenc\u00e9 soit \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur des concessions, soit sur des terres occup\u00e9es par des petits exploitants (communaut\u00e9s locales ou de migrants) au sein des concessions (voir la sch\u00e9ma 1 plus haut et la sch\u00e9ma 2 ci-dessous). <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23484\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23484\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-ii-Gav-POLEX.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23484 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-ii-Gav-POLEX-500x386.png\" alt=\"Gambar 2 - Peta menunjukkan perkembangan kebakaran bulan Februari-Maret 2014 di daerah terbakar yang kedua terluas (18.000 ha) di kabupaten Bengkalis, (lihat inset untuk lokasinya), tertumpuk di atas peta tata guna lahan terinci kami di suatu konsesi Acacia (HTI, atau Hutan Tanaman Industri). Peta gabungan tersebut mengilustrasikan bahwa kebakaran dimulai di luar batas konsesi atau di lahan yang dihuni oleh operator (komunitas) berskala kecil dalam konsesi pada awal Februari, dan telah menyebar jauh ke dalam bagian dalam konsesi pada akhir Maret. (Klik pada peta untuk perincian) Foto CIFOR\" width=\"500\" height=\"386\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23484\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sch\u00e9ma\u00a02 \u2014\u00a0Carte r\u00e9v\u00e9lant la progression des incendies de f\u00e9vrier-mars 2014 dans la deuxi\u00e8me plus grande zone br\u00fbl\u00e9e (18 000 ha) dans le district de Bengkalis (voir l\u2019encadr\u00e9 pour la localisation), superpos\u00e9e \u00e0 notre carte d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l\u2019utilisation des terres dans une concession d\u2019Acacia (HTI ou Hutan Tanaman Industri). Les cartes combin\u00e9es montrent que les incendies ont commenc\u00e9 d\u00e9but f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur des limites de la concession ou dans des terres occup\u00e9es par des petits exploitants (communaut\u00e9s) au sein de la concession. Ensuite, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 fin mars, les incendies se sont r\u00e9pandus \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur de la concession. Photo CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Bien que notre analyse ne doive pas \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e comme une exon\u00e9ration totale des entreprises \u2013 qui ont fait usage de feux dans le pass\u00e9 pour d\u00e9fricher des terres \u2013 elle montre que la situation sur le terrain est plus complexe que souvent suppos\u00e9. En outre, les entreprises ne sont pas toujours enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 bl\u00e2mer lorsque des feux sont d\u00e9clench\u00e9s sur leurs concessions. Nos r\u00e9sultats risquent de compliquer les efforts visant \u00e0 tenir les entreprises responsables et \u00e0 sanctionner les contrevenants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Notre analyse souligne la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de continuer \u2013 et de d\u00e9velopper \u2013 ce type de suivi, ainsi que de s\u2019\u00e9loigner d\u2019un jugement bas\u00e9 sur une simple superposition des cartes de foyers d\u2019incendies et de concessions. La situation sur le terrain, telle que nous pouvons la percevoir actuellement, est plus complexe que cela.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 2013 et 2014, des \u00e9pisodes extr\u00eames de fum\u00e9es transfrontali\u00e8res en Asie du Sud-Est \u2013 ainsi qu\u2019une s\u00e9cheresse, provoqu\u00e9e par El-Ni\u00f1o et pr\u00e9vue au cours de la seconde moiti\u00e9 de 2014, qui risque d\u2019engendrer davantage de feux dans l\u2019ensemble de l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie &#8211; ont attir\u00e9 l&rsquo;attention sur les causes et origines des incendies dans les zones [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":104,"featured_media":23481,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[1569,1566,455,1401,1400,87,1568,111,756,6761,1567,1252,136],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2999],"coauthors":[1120],"class_list":["post-25301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","tag-acacia","tag-bengkalis","tag-concessions","tag-fires","tag-haze","tag-indonesia","tag-landsat","tag-palm-oil","tag-peatland","tag-peatlands","tag-pulau-rupat","tag-riau","tag-sumatra","language-francais","type-francais-analyses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>De nouvelles cartes montrent une image plus complexe des feux de Sumatra - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/25301\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De nouvelles cartes montrent une image plus complexe des feux de Sumatra\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 2013 et 2014, des \u00e9pisodes extr\u00eames de fum\u00e9es transfrontali\u00e8res en Asie du Sud-Est \u2013 ainsi qu\u2019une s\u00e9cheresse, provoqu\u00e9e par El-Ni\u00f1o et pr\u00e9vue au cours de la seconde moiti\u00e9 de 2014, qui risque d\u2019engendrer davantage de feux dans l\u2019ensemble de l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie &#8211; ont attir\u00e9 l&rsquo;attention sur les causes et origines des incendies dans les zones [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/25301\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-11-21T16:45:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-20T03:53:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-i-Gav-POLEX.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"975\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"754\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"David Gaveau\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@GaveauD\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"David Gaveau\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b969a9673da80f7d6b363d0434e54d28\"},\"headline\":\"De nouvelles cartes montrent une image plus complexe des feux de Sumatra\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-11-21T16:45:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-20T03:53:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\"},\"wordCount\":1223,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Figure-i-Gav-POLEX.png\",\"keywords\":[\"acacia\",\"bengkalis\",\"concessions\",\"fires\",\"haze\",\"Indonesia\",\"LANDSAT\",\"palm oil\",\"peatland\",\"peatlands\",\"pulau rupat\",\"Riau\",\"Sumatra\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Forests News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2014\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/25301\\\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra\",\"name\":\"De nouvelles cartes montrent une image plus complexe des feux de Sumatra - 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Peta menunjukkan perkembangan kebakaran bulan Februari-Maret 2014 di daerah terbakar yang terluas (22.000 ha) di Pulau Rupat, sebuah pulau kecil di pantai Sumatra, tertumpuk di atas peta tata guna lahan terinci kami di suatu konsesi Acacia (HTI, atau Hutan Tanaman Industri). Peta gabungan tersebut mengilustrasikan bahwa kebakaran dimulai di luar batas konsesi atau di lahan yang dihuni oleh operator (komunitas) berskala kecil dalam konsesi pada awal Februari, dan telah menyebar jauh ke dalam bagian dalam konsesi pada akhir Maret. (Klik pada peta untuk perincian.) 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He specializes in the use of remote sensing (satellites, aerial photography and drones) to study the impacts of humans on Earth\u2019s land surface. He examines the effects of land use and land cover change in tropical Asia and Central Africa on atmospheric carbon emissions, air quality degradation, rainfall, biodiversity and viruses outbreaks, as well as the impacts of conservation strategies and agricultural development policies on tropical forests. His particular focus is on long-term mapping of tropical deforestation, forest degradation and regeneration, links with agricultural development, forest fires, and consequences such as reduced rainfall and increased carbon emissions, air quality degradation, increased virus outbreaks, and loss of wildlife. He has extensive knowledge of the environmental policies and practices of several Southeast Asian countries, and in particular on forest-related land-use plans, protected area management, logging concession, oil palm and timber plantations establishment. He has a good track record of scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals, has worked at various stages of the project cycle from proposal writing and formulation, implementation to monitoring and evaluation. 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He specializes in the use of remote sensing (satellites, aerial photography and drones) to study the impacts of humans on Earth\u2019s land surface. He examines the effects of land use and land cover change in tropical Asia and Central Africa on atmospheric carbon emissions, air quality degradation, rainfall, biodiversity and viruses outbreaks, as well as the impacts of conservation strategies and agricultural development policies on tropical forests. His particular focus is on long-term mapping of tropical deforestation, forest degradation and regeneration, links with agricultural development, forest fires, and consequences such as reduced rainfall and increased carbon emissions, air quality degradation, increased virus outbreaks, and loss of wildlife. He has extensive knowledge of the environmental policies and practices of several Southeast Asian countries, and in particular on forest-related land-use plans, protected area management, logging concession, oil palm and timber plantations establishment. He has a good track record of scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals, has worked at various stages of the project cycle from proposal writing and formulation, implementation to monitoring and evaluation. He has a mix of field experience, research networks and collaborative partnerships with local, regional and international non-governmental organizations in Southeast Asia, the United States and Europe.","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/@GaveauD"],"url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/author\/david-gaveau"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/25301\/de-nouvelles-cartes-montrent-une-image-plus-complexe-des-feux-de-sumatra#local-main-organization-logo","url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cifor-icraf-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cifor-icraf-logo.png","width":596,"height":250,"caption":"CIFOR-ICRAF"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Figure-i-Gav-POLEX.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/104"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25301"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25301\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"tag-bahasa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-bahasa?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"tag-espanol","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-espanol?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"tag-francais","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag-francais?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"type-espanol","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-espanol?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"type-bahasa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-bahasa?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"type-english","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-english?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"type-francais","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-francais?post=25301"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=25301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}