{"id":24396,"date":"2014-09-24T05:28:09","date_gmt":"2014-09-23T22:28:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=24396"},"modified":"2015-07-30T15:49:35","modified_gmt":"2015-07-30T08:49:35","slug":"declarations-du-sommet-pour-le-climat-agriculture-forets-paysages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/24396\/declarations-du-sommet-pour-le-climat-agriculture-forets-paysages","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9clarations du Sommet pour le climat: agriculture + for\u00eats = paysages?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"PH<\/a>
Une foule estim\u00e9e \u00e0 400 000 personnes a d\u00e9fil\u00e9 \u00e0 New York pour plus d’actions en faveur du changement climatique, avant le Sommet de l’ONU pour le climat. Le programme du sommet est consacr\u00e9\u00a0\u00e0 huit zones d’action, incluant notamment les for\u00eats et l’agriculture. Photo: avec l’aimable autorisation de John Minchillo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

NEW YORK \u2013 Aujourd’hui est un jour important pour notre futur sur la plan\u00e8te. Le Sommet pour le climat des Nations Unies<\/a> r\u00e9unit un nombre impressionnant de dirigeants mondiaux qui vont actualiser leurs engagements politiques et financiers pour faire face au d\u00e9fi du changement climatique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Qu’est-ce que le sommet nous demande de faire?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

C’est aussi un jour important pour r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 de nouvelles voies pour la recherche, le rayonnement et la capacit\u00e9 de d\u00e9veloppement \u2013 trois dimensions du travail du CIFOR \u2013 pour aider \u00e0 transformer ces engagements en actions sur le terrain.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En bref, qu’est-ce que le sommet nous demande de faire?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Une partie du programme du sommet est d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 huit \u00abzones d’action\u00bb: l’agriculture, les villes, l’\u00e9nergie, le financement, les for\u00eats, l’industrie, la r\u00e9silience et les transports. Pour chacune d’entre elles, de nombreux pays, organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et entreprises priv\u00e9es vont signer lors du sommet des d\u00e9clarations qui indiquent dans quelle direction nous devrions agir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

J’aimerais proposer ici quelques id\u00e9es sur les d\u00e9clarations qui circulent pour l’agriculture et les for\u00eats, et comment elles sont reli\u00e9es, \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat actuel qui est: la recherche de solutions bonnes et int\u00e9gr\u00e9es \u00e0 travers des paysages. Notez que le CIFOR, en tant qu’organisme de recherche ind\u00e9pendant, n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 directement impliqu\u00e9 dans la pr\u00e9paration de ces d\u00e9clarations.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La D\u00e9claration de New York sur les For\u00eats se concentre sur la d\u00e9forestation ou \u00abla perte naturelle des for\u00eats\u00bb. Sept des dix points r\u00e9pondent directement \u00e0 cette question, ou indirectement en faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre des for\u00eats. Deux points soulignent que le besoin de restauration des for\u00eats et un point pousse pour une meilleure gouvernance des for\u00eats. Parmi les dix points, deux font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable plus larges et \u00e0 l’agenda de d\u00e9veloppement post-2015.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dans ses conclusions, le document affirme que les engagements peuvent potentiellement r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de \u00ab4,5 (milliards \u00e0) 8,8 milliards de tonnes par an d’ici 2030\u00bb. L’adaptation au changement climatique ou la r\u00e9silience ne sont pas mentionn\u00e9s comme des solutions potentielles. L’Agenda Action qui l’accompagne pr\u00e9sente une longue liste d’initiatives en cours ou \u00e0 venir, et esp\u00e8re que des engagements directs seront faits lors de ce sommet.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Par contre, la D\u00e9claration Commune pour l’Agriculture, la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Alimentaire et la Nutrition d\u00e9bute avec le besoin de r\u00e9pondre aux in\u00e9galit\u00e9s et d’assurer une nutrition ad\u00e9quate pour une population grandissante, d\u00e9fis qui deviennent de plus en plus importants avec le changement climatique et renforcent la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 des personnes pauvres.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L’agriculture intelligente face au climat est promue comme le c\u0153ur de l’approche visant \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis, avec ses trois piliers que sont les hausses des revenus \u00e9quitables et de la productivit\u00e9 de l’agriculture; une r\u00e9sistance accrue des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires et des moyens de subsistance; et une r\u00e9duction ou suppression des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre en provenance de l’agriculture. Une s\u00e9rie d’initiatives nouvelles ou renforc\u00e9es sont list\u00e9es, dont l’Alliance mondiale pour une agriculture intelligente face au climat.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

ENSEMBLE, UN AGENDA CAPTIVANT<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lorsque l’on met les d\u00e9clarations sur l’agriculture et sur les for\u00eats c\u00f4te \u00e0 c\u00f4te, il est clair qu’elles ont des gen\u00e8ses s\u00e9par\u00e9es, et aussi qu’il y a des r\u00e9f\u00e9rences crois\u00e9es non explicites. La d\u00e9claration sur les for\u00eats relie la d\u00e9forestation \u00e0 l’agriculture, et \u00e0 l’inverse la d\u00e9claration sur l’agriculture prend note des impacts de l’agriculture sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes en lien avec les \u00e9missions. De plus, la d\u00e9claration sur les for\u00eats note g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l’importance des for\u00eats pour \u00abla nourriture, l’eau, les combustibles, les m\u00e9dicaments, les cultures traditionnelles et les moyens de subsistance\u00bb. La d\u00e9claration sur l’agriculture reconna\u00eet \u00able r\u00f4le essentiel des agriculteurs, p\u00eacheurs, forestiers et \u00e9leveurs\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pris ensemble, les deux d\u00e9clarations fournissent un agenda d’action captivant pour les paysages du monde. Un plus un pourrait faire plus que deux si les opportunit\u00e9s pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans les deux documents \u00e9taient combin\u00e9es et que les solutions \u00e9taient envisag\u00e9es ensemble. Le support politique large et fort offert par le sommet \u00e0 chacune de ces d\u00e9clarations, de la part des gouvernements \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile en passant par le secteur priv\u00e9, est certainement quelque chose sur lequel il faudrait construire.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En regardant en avant, une question pertinente consiste \u00e0 savoir comment les deux peuvent \u00eatre combin\u00e9s. Mener des synergies et des compromis entre l’agriculture et la foresterie est essentiel \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles g\u00e9ographiques. Donc il y a apparemment de nombreuses voies en faveur de l’approche paysag\u00e8re \u00e0 tous les niveaux \u2013 mondial \u00e0 local. L’essence de l’approche par les paysages est d’apporter un cadre et une m\u00e9thodologie afin que des objectifs multiples compris dans un paysage soient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s ensemble par tous les acteurs concern\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, on a mis de plus en plus l’accent sur les paysages pour trouver des solutions combin\u00e9es aux d\u00e9fis du d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 travers des secteurs bas\u00e9s sur la terre. Le Forum mondial sur les paysages qui se tiendra \u00e0 Lima les 6 et 7 d\u00e9cembre apporte une excellente opportunit\u00e9 pour d\u00e9montrer comment nous pouvons tirer le meilleur d’une d\u00e9claration combin\u00e9e agriculture et for\u00eats du Sommet pour le climat.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

CIFOR \u00e0 la semaine climat NYC:<\/b><\/span> cet article fait partie d’un dossier sp\u00e9cial sur les for\u00eats et le changement climatique.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NEW YORK \u2013 Aujourd’hui est un jour important pour notre futur sur la plan\u00e8te. Le Sommet pour le climat des Nations Unies r\u00e9unit un nombre impressionnant de dirigeants mondiaux qui vont actualiser leurs engagements politiques et financiers pour faire face au d\u00e9fi du changement climatique. Qu’est-ce que le sommet nous demande de faire? C’est aussi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":24380,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,1072],"tags":[1657],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2965],"coauthors":[680],"class_list":["post-24396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-landscapes","tag-un-climate-summit","language-francais","type-francais-chronique-du-dg"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00e9clarations du Sommet pour le climat: agriculture + for\u00eats = paysages? - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/24396\/declarations-du-sommet-pour-le-climat-agriculture-forets-paysages\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00e9clarations du Sommet pour le climat: agriculture + for\u00eats = paysages?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"NEW YORK \u2013 Aujourd’hui est un jour important pour notre futur sur la plan\u00e8te. 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