{"id":23799,"date":"2014-08-20T06:52:30","date_gmt":"2014-08-19T23:52:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=23799"},"modified":"2018-02-07T16:36:40","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T09:36:40","slug":"activisme-local-et-mesures-politiques-pour-lutter-contre-le-bois-illegal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23799\/activisme-local-et-mesures-politiques-pour-lutter-contre-le-bois-illegal","title":{"rendered":"Activisme local et mesures politiques pour lutter contre le bois ill\u00e9gal"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_23500\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23500\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/CITES-blog.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23500 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/CITES-blog-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Kayu hasil tebangan dibawa ke tempat penggergajian, Jepara, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Kayu yang dijual di pasaran global, antara 15 sampai 30 persen di antaranya adalah ilegal, demikian menurut laporan terbaru. Foto @CIFOR\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23500\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Des b\u00fbches sont transport\u00e9es vers des scieries \u00e0 Jepara en Java central, en Indon\u00e9sie. Entre 15 et 30% du bois n\u00e9goci\u00e9 sur les march\u00e9s mondiaux est d\u2019origine ill\u00e9gale, selon un rapport r\u00e9cent. Photo: Dita Alangkara\/CIFOR.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">BOGOR, Indon\u00e9sie \u2014 Pour contr\u00f4ler le commerce mondial des bois tropicaux d\u2019origine ill\u00e9gale, les activistes locaux des pays producteurs de bois sont potentiellement plus efficaces que la technologie de pointe et les r\u00e9glementations d\u2019importation, selon les experts du Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale (CIFOR).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les d\u00e9nonciations faites par les groupes de d\u00e9fense de l\u2019environnement ont engendr\u00e9 des mesures de r\u00e9pression contre le commerce ill\u00e9gal d\u2019esp\u00e8ces embl\u00e9matiques, telles que l&rsquo;Acajou d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique du Sud. <span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/publications\/papers\/view\/199158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> publi\u00e9e par le CIFOR et le Chatham House de Londres sugg\u00e8re que c<\/span>es groupes obtiennent un r\u00f4le plus formel au sein des organismes internationaux de surveillance<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abOn \u00e9largit sa base de donn\u00e9es en engageant les repr\u00e9sentants de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile des pays o\u00f9 le commerce ill\u00e9gal du bois a lieu, tant qu&rsquo;il s\u2019agit d\u2019organisations non gouvernementales cr\u00e9dibles\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Rosalind Reeve, chercheur chevronn\u00e9 associ\u00e9 au CIFOR et co-auteur de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u00eame <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">quand<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> les agences internationales et les pays producteurs de bois se mettent d&rsquo;accord sur des mesures d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la gestion foresti\u00e8re et d&rsquo;application des lois, les cargaisons ill\u00e9gales peuvent toujours passer \u00e0 travers des mailles du filet.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Le rapport recommande des moyens rapprocher les <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.illegal-logging.info\/topics\/eu-timber-regulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">r\u00e8glements de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">, visant \u00e0 lutter contre les importations ill\u00e9gales de bois, et la <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cites.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Convention sur le commerce international des esp\u00e8ces de faune et de flore sauvages menac\u00e9es d&rsquo;extinction<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> (CITES).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Entre 15 et 30% du bois vendu sur les march\u00e9s mondiaux est d\u2019origine ill\u00e9gale, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/newscentre\/Default.aspx?DocumentID=2694&amp;ArticleID=9286\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">selon les estimations du Programme des Nations Unis pour l&rsquo;Environnement<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.interpol.int\/es\/Crime-areas\/Environmental-crime\/Projects\/Project-Leaf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Interpol estime<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> que le commerce ill\u00e9gal repr\u00e9sente au moins 30 milliards de dollars par an. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Selon Mme Reeve, la pression exerc\u00e9e par les organisations issues de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des contr\u00f4les plus stricts des exportations du Ramin (<\/span><\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Gonystylus<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> spp.) qui est natif des tourbi\u00e8res d&rsquo;Asie du Sud-Est. En outre, les campagnes men\u00e9es par les organisations non gouvernementales en Europe et aux Etats-Unis ont d\u00e9clench\u00e9 un moratoire sur les exportations d&rsquo;Acajou (<\/span><\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Swietenia macrophylla<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">) en provenance du Br\u00e9sil, ainsi que des exigences plus strictes d&rsquo;exportation du bois <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sice.oas.org\/Trade\/PER_USA\/PER_USA_e\/PER_USA_text_e.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">d\u00e9finies dans un accord de libre-\u00e9change<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">entre le P\u00e9rou et les Etats-Unis. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/africa\/en\/News\/Blog\/investigation-raises-doubts-of-legality-of-dr\/blog\/44702\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Plus r\u00e9cemment<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">, l&rsquo;organisation \u00e9cologiste Greenpeace a exprim\u00e9 ses doutes quant \u00e0 une cargaison de Teck africain (<em>Pericopsis elata<\/em>, \u00e9galement connu sous le nom d\u2019<em>Afrormosia<\/em>), que les autorit\u00e9s ont ensuite saisi dans un port en Belgique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Bien que l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne, les Etats-Unis et l&rsquo;Australie aient mis en place des r\u00e9glementations pour les importations de bois, ils sont peu susceptibles d&rsquo;arr\u00eater le flux de bois ill\u00e9gal, selon certains experts.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abIl est largement admis que l&rsquo;exploitation foresti\u00e8re ill\u00e9gale demeure un probl\u00e8me s\u00e9rieux dans de nombreuses r\u00e9gions du monde\u00bb, dit Andrew Wardell, ancien directeur du <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/about-us\/how-we-work\/forests-and-governance-programme.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Programme For\u00eats et Gouvernance<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> du CIFOR. \u00abLes retomb\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques sont tr\u00e8s importantes pour les personnes impliqu\u00e9es; les capacit\u00e9s d&rsquo;application des lois et la volont\u00e9 politique d&rsquo;agir sont encore trop faibles.\u00bb <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">M\u00eame quand les agences internationales et les pays producteurs de bois se mettent d&rsquo;accord sur des mesures d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la gestion foresti\u00e8re et d&rsquo;application des lois, les cargaisons ill\u00e9gales peuvent toujours passer \u00e0 travers des mailles du filet.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Malgr\u00e9 une rubrique sp\u00e9cifique sur la gouvernance foresti\u00e8re dans l&rsquo;Accord de Promotion du Commerce entre les Etats-Unis et le P\u00e9rou, exigeant du P\u00e9rou d&rsquo;assurer que les cargaisons d\u2019esp\u00e8ces ligneuses prot\u00e9g\u00e9es par la CITES puissent \u00eatre retrac\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la concession foresti\u00e8re o\u00f9 les arbres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9colt\u00e9s, les exportations ill\u00e9gales d&rsquo;Acajou persistent. Cela s\u2019explique par le manque d\u2019inventaires pr\u00e9-r\u00e9coltes, des documents frauduleux ou incomplets, ainsi que le manque d\u2019application des lois, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/srep\/2014\/140417\/srep04719\/full\/srep04719.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">selon une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans la revue Nature en d\u00e9but d&rsquo;ann\u00e9e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/eia-international.org\/the-laundering-machine1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Une enqu\u00eate ant\u00e9rieure men\u00e9e par l\u2019Agence d&rsquo;Investigations Environnementales<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> a constat\u00e9 que depuis 2008 plus de 20 entreprises am\u00e9ricaines importaient du bois ill\u00e9gal, valant des millions de dollars, en provenance de l&rsquo;Amazonie p\u00e9ruvienne. L\u2019Acajou r\u00e9colt\u00e9 ill\u00e9galement entre finalement dans la cha\u00eene du march\u00e9 l\u00e9gal, de sorte que les documents d&rsquo;exportation semblent \u00eatre l\u00e9gitimes lorsqu\u2019ils atteignent les ports des Etats-Unis, le plus gros importateur d&rsquo;Acajou p\u00e9ruvien.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">PAS DE SOLUTIONS CENTR\u00c9ES SUR LA TECHNOLOGIE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Une r\u00e9glementation inad\u00e9quate, la faible application des lois et la corruption sont des probl\u00e8mes qui peuvent \u00eatre trait\u00e9s plus efficacement par la mise \u00e0 contribution des connaissances des organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile au sein des pays producteurs de bois, que par les r\u00e9glementations internationales telles que <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fws.gov\/international\/laws-treaties-agreements\/us-conservation-laws\/lacey-act.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">la Loi Lacey des Etats-Unis<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">ou <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/forests\/timber_regulation.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">le R\u00e8glement commercial de l\u2019UE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">, d\u00e9clare M. Wardell. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les pays importateurs peuvent jouer un r\u00f4le important de soutien envers ces organisations, puisqu\u2019ils exercent une pression en faveur d\u2019une meilleure r\u00e9glementation de la gestion foresti\u00e8re et des exportations de bois au niveau national, dit-il. M\u00eame lorsque les pays importateurs habituels, comme les Etats-Unis et les membres de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne, adoptent des lois pour lutter contre les importations ill\u00e9gales de bois, leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 garder le bois r\u00e9colt\u00e9 ill\u00e9galement en dehors des cha\u00eenes d&rsquo;approvisionnement est limit\u00e9e pour plusieurs raisons, selon M. Wardell.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">L\u2019une d&rsquo;elles est que des quantit\u00e9s croissantes de bois ill\u00e9gal s\u2019\u00e9coulent vers d&rsquo;autres pays, comme la Chine, l&rsquo;Inde et le Moyen-Orient, qui ont souvent des r\u00e9glementations d&rsquo;importation moins rigoureuses. De plus, une importante partie du commerce de bois est r\u00e9gionale &#8211; entre les pays d&rsquo;Asie, d&rsquo;Afrique ou d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique du Sud &#8211; et donc en dehors du champ d&rsquo;application des syst\u00e8mes tels que <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/eia-international.org\/appetite-for-destruction-chinas-trade-in-illegal-timber\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">l&rsquo;Application des r\u00e9glementations foresti\u00e8res, Gouvernance et Echanges commerciaux<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> (FLEGT) de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">En outre, dans de nombreux pays producteurs de bois tropicaux, la limite entre la r\u00e9colte informelle de bois par les petits exploitants ruraux et le commerce ill\u00e9gal est souvent floue, selon M. Wardell. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/00664677.2014.893505#.U8zBaI2SxOU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">a \u00e9galement mis en \u00e9vidence des activit\u00e9s r\u00e9currentes entre les acteurs \u00abpriv\u00e9s\u00bb et \u00ab\u00e9tatiques\u00bb dans le commerce informel de bois entre le Vietnam et le Laos, ainsi que la marge de man\u0153uvre entre ces cat\u00e9gories. Ceci sugg\u00e8re que les efforts internationaux et nationaux pour appliquer des lois doivent \u00eatre combin\u00e9s au d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;une compr\u00e9hension plus nuanc\u00e9e des m\u00e9canismes complexes qui caract\u00e9risent et perp\u00e9tuent la corruption \u00e0 de multiples \u00e9chelles, explique M. Wardell. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les r\u00e9glementations foresti\u00e8res con\u00e7ues en faveur des grandes concessions foresti\u00e8res ne contiennent pas de <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/18239\/free-trade-pacts-target-illegal-timber-exports\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">dispositions permettant aux petits exploitants de vendre le bois l\u00e9galement<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">. En cons\u00e9quence, les petits exploitants risquent d\u2019\u00eatre condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 une amende pour avoir vendu des petites quantit\u00e9s ill\u00e9galement tandis que les grands op\u00e9rateurs restent impunis, dit M. Wardell.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/00664677.2014.893505#.U8zBaI2SxOU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">L&rsquo;\u00e9tude au Vietnam et au Laos<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"> montre que les probl\u00e8mes fondamentaux li\u00e9s \u00e0 la gouvernance foresti\u00e8re, aux politiques et aux r\u00e9seaux sociaux complexes dans les pays producteurs de bois ne peuvent pas \u00eatre r\u00e9solus par des mesures techniques, telles qu\u2019un meilleur suivi du bois entre les pays importateurs et exportateurs, dit-il. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Il ajoute que la r\u00e9solution des probl\u00e8mes n\u00e9cessite des mesures politiques. Le plaidoyer en faveur de ces mesures est une t\u00e2che qui exige un leadership de la part des organisations locales issues de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abIl s\u2019agit de r\u00e9seaux tr\u00e8s complexes qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre abord\u00e9s par des outils simplistes et centr\u00e9s sur la technologie\u00bb, affirme M. Wardell. \u00abEn tant que chercheurs, nous pouvons apporter de nouvelles connaissances et preuves fond\u00e9es scientifiquement, mais pour obtenir des changements transformationnels, l&rsquo;effort doit venir des citoyens de chaque pays.\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Pour plus d&rsquo;informations sur les sujets abord\u00e9s dans cet article, veuillez contacter Andrew Wardell sur <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western\" href=\"mailto:a.wardell@cgiar.org\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">a.wardell@cgiar.org<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BOGOR, Indon\u00e9sie \u2014 Pour contr\u00f4ler le commerce mondial des bois tropicaux d\u2019origine ill\u00e9gale, les activistes locaux des pays producteurs de bois sont potentiellement plus efficaces que la technologie de pointe et les r\u00e9glementations d\u2019importation, selon les experts du Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale (CIFOR). Les d\u00e9nonciations faites par les groupes de d\u00e9fense de l\u2019environnement ont [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":23500,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[184],"tags":[1538,1539,419,1571,140],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[831],"class_list":["post-23799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-value-chains-finance","tag-cites","tag-flegt","tag-illegal-logging","tag-mahogany","tag-timber","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Activisme local et mesures politiques pour lutter contre le bois ill\u00e9gal - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23799\/activisme-local-et-mesures-politiques-pour-lutter-contre-le-bois-illegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Activisme local et mesures politiques pour lutter contre le bois ill\u00e9gal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BOGOR, Indon\u00e9sie \u2014 Pour contr\u00f4ler le commerce mondial des bois tropicaux d\u2019origine ill\u00e9gale, les activistes locaux des pays producteurs de bois sont potentiellement plus efficaces que la technologie de pointe et les r\u00e9glementations d\u2019importation, selon les experts du Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale (CIFOR). 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Kayu yang dijual di pasaran global, antara 15 sampai 30 persen di antaranya adalah ilegal, demikian menurut laporan terbaru. 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